• Korean Security Journal
• /
• no.18
• /
• pp.21-37
• /
• 2009

The purpose of study were the effect of stress levels and duty type of guarder on 8-OHdG(hydroxydeoxyguanosin), Immunoglobin, T-cell, NK-cell and antioxidant enzyme. The subject of this study is people who have the guard's career over 2 years. A group of object sample consists of sixty guards carrying the guardbusiness. The group division and distribution of the number of persons a group divided into the guard group of international factor(N=23), private guard group(N=23),and the others(N=14) as a group following the guardbusiness. The group following a stress level divided into 3groups as their score of stress measure; low stress group(N=14), middle stress group(N=26),and high stress group(N=20). In the office type, the experiment sampling the blood, analysing result of following the office type and stress had a conclusion after measuring stress as the followings. The stress level in the office type of guard showed highly in the guard group of international factor(p<.05). Finally we knew that the guard have different stress levels in the office type, even the immune function and the activation of superoxide dismutase affected them in the stress level. Stress showing in the guard career can do them an injury so it is desirable for the guard themselves to participate in the activities settling their stresses and in the development of exercise programs.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.30 no.11
• /
• pp.1092-1096
• /
• 1997

Thromboelastography(TEG) enables a global assessment of hemostatic function to be made from a single blood sample, documenting the interaction of platelets with protein coagulation cascade from the time of the initial platelet-fibrin interaction, through platelet aggregation, clot strengthening and fibrin cross linking to eventual clot Iysis. Thirty-five patients(mean age 34$\pm$ 12) undergoing open heart surgery from April 1st, 1996 to August 31th, 1996 were investigated at preoperatively and immediate, one hour, and 24 hours after cessation of cardiopulmonary bypass using TEG. Comparisons were made between classic hematological indices and TEG data. There were statistically significant correlation between maximal amplitude(MA) and platelet count before CPB, activating clotting time(ACT) and TEG date(R time, K time and a angle) at 24-hour after CPB. The data on the predictive accuracy for postoperative bleeding at 24-hour after CPB, the TEG was significantly better than ACT(57%) or the coagulation profiles(43%) as a predictor of postoperative bleeding, with an accuracy rate of 100% (P=0.0043). In conclusion, TEG seems to be easy to use, clinically accurate, cost effective and provides data which can effectively manage a patient's hemostasis.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.15 no.3 s.70
• /
• pp.352-358
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of various exercise intensity on Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR), excess post exercise energy expenditure (EPEE), and thyroid hormonal changes in trained (TR) and untrained (UT) people. The subject of the present study were divided into two groups and four periods: trained (TR; n=6) and untrained (UT; n=6) group. And the periods were divided as follows; Resting (R), Maximal (M), High intensity (H), and Low intensity (L). The percent body fat and RMR of all subjects were measured at every periods. The RMR was measured early in the morning following a 12-hour fast using MMX3B gas analyzer and blood sample were collected from the anticubital vein to investigate thyroid hormonal (T3, T4, Free T3, Free T4, & TSH) changes. All the RMR values were expressed as absolute value/BSA $(kcal/d/m^2)$. And We also analyzed mean energy expenditure for 30 minutes during and after different intensity exercise. There was significant difference in RMR among different intensity of exercise. in TR (p < .05) not in the UT group. however, there was no significant different percent body fat in TR and in UT group. In the energy expenditure, there was significant different between TR and UT in HEE (high intensity exercise energy expenditure), LEE (low intensity exercise energy expenditure), HEEPE (high intensity exercise energy expenditure post exercise) & LEEPE (low intensity exercise expenditure post exercise). In the hormonal level, there was significant different in T4 level in the TR group at H period and in T4, Free T3, & Free T4 levels in TR group at L period, however there was no significant different in the UT group. The present cross-sectional study was design to investigate the relationship between exercise intensity and RMR. The focus of this investigation was to compare RMR in aerobically trained (TR) and untrained (VI). The relationship among RMR, exercise intensity and percent body fat would best be investigated using MMX3B and body composition analyzer. Each subject completed measurement of percent body fat, RMR, hormone in the period of maximal oxygen uptake exercise (M), high intensity exercise (H), and low intensity exercise (L). From the results, Low intensity of exercise (L), there was a trend for an increased RMR (kcal/day) in the TR not for the UT. This is best explained not by the reduced percent body fat but by the highly induced energy expenditure (during exercise and post exercise energy expenditure) and increased T4, Free T3, and Free T4 hormonal levels in the low intensity exercise for the TR group.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.18 no.9
• /
• pp.277-283
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors influencing stroke. The research method was used two-stage stratified cluster sampling using data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey (2016-2018). This study subjects performed a complex sample logistic regression analysis on adults aged 19 or older. Risk factors affecting stroke were shown as follows: in age groups, odds ratio were conformed when people are in their 70s, the rate is 8.861 times higher; when they are in their subjective health conditions, the odds ratio are 4.501 times higher in the bad groups; odds ratio was 3.158 times higher in the group diagnosed with hypertension and 1.598 times higher in the group diagnosed with diabetes. The result of this study found that chronic diseases such as high blood pressure and diabetes and the management of senior citizens are important because stroke is dangerous and can be managed through prevention.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.13-18
• /
• 2000

The bioequivalence of two clarithromycin tablets, the $Klaricid^{TM}$ (Ciba-Geigy Korea Ltd.) and the $Pylocin^{TM}$ (Kyungdong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), was evaluated according to the Korean Guidelines for Bioequivalence Test (KGBT 1998). Sixteen healthy male volunteers ($20\sim26$ years old) were randomly divided into two groups and a randomized $2\times2$ cross-over study was employed. After one tablet containing 250 mg of clarithromycin was orally administered, blood sample was taken at predetermined time intervals, and the concentrations of clarithromycin in serum were determined using high-performance liquid chromatographic method with electrochemical detector. The pharmaco-kinetic parameters (area under the concentration-time curve: $AUC_t$, maximum concentration; $C_{max}$ and time to maximum concentration; $T_{max}$) were calculated and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was utilized for the statistical analysis of parameters. The results showed that the differences in $AUC_t,\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$ between two tablets based on $Klaricid^{TM}$ tablet were $-0.22\%,\;-0.48\%\;and\;-1.63\%$, respectively. The powers $(1-\beta)\;for\;AUC_t,\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}\;were\;99.07\%,\;88.15\%\;and\;99.99\%$, respectively. Detectable differences $(\Delta)\;and\;90\%$ confidence intervals ($\alpha$=0.10) were all less than $\pm20\%$ All the parameters above met the criteria of KGBT 1998, indicating that $Pylocin^{TM}$ tablet is bioequivalent to $Klaricid^{TM}$ tablet.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.136-143
• /
• 1986

These studies were carried out to investigate effects of Lycii fructus extract on experimentally CC14-induced liver damage and alloxan-induced diabetes in rabbits and acute toxicity using mice. $LD_{50}(mg/kg)$ of Lycii fructus extract(L.F.E.) was 12.17g/kg by intraperitoneal administration in mice. L.F.E. showed more rapid recuperation compared to the control group in CC14-intoxicated rabbits and 800mg/kg was the most effective. Especially GPT activity and total bilirubin level showed an apparant decreasing effect within 6 days and 8 days, respectively in 800mg/kg. But any differences were not observed in alkaline phosphatase and total cholesterol between sample and control group. Large amount administered group exhibited more excellent hypoglycemic effect in alloxan-induced diabetes of rabbits, that is, it was significant to the control group after 4 days and adjacent to the normal level on 12th day. And GPT activity was gradually decreased and showed clear decreasing effect after 6 days. It is suggested that L.F.E. can be administered not only as therapeutic agents (such as liver tonics or antidiabetetics) but also a natural food to shorten the recovery time of hepatic function in liver diseases and decrease the abnormally elevated blood glucose such as Diabetes Mellitus.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.5-13
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study is to determine the value of serum concentration of C-reactive protein(CRP) in comparison with ESR and leukocyte as the tools for diagnosis and follow-up study of infection. For this study, thirty-one patients with head and neck infection and thirty-two patients performed the orthognathic surgery were selected for experimental and control groups each other. we analyzed the blood sample daily to measure CRP, ESR and leukocytosis. The results of this study are as the following : 1. Serum C-Reactive Protein levels in the experimental group were higher than control group and the pattern of CRP changes continued to decline in both groups(P<0.001). 2. ESR changes in both groups were scattered without any special pattern. 3. Correlation between CRP and Leukocyte was higher than others(r=0.664, P<0.01). 4. In the Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC) Curve of experimental group, rapid increase of CRP curve and Area under the curve(AUC) value, 0.774, indicate the high accuracy of estimation. 5. In experimental group, sensitivity of CRP, ESR, and Leukocytosis on recovery day were 83%, 17% and 71%. Based on the results of this study, we could conclude that determination of CRP is more useful method to diagnosis and follow-up study of infection than other commonly used variables in oral and maxillofacial region.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.94-100
• /
• 2017

Purpose: Acute acetaminophen intoxication is a common occurrence that can cause lethal complications. In most domestic emergency departments, clinicians tend to treat acetaminophen intoxication based on patients' history alone, simply due to the lack of a rapid acetaminophen laboratory test. We performed a 20-month study of intoxication patients to determine the correlation between the history of patients and serum laboratory tests for acetaminophen. Methods: We took blood samples from 280 intoxication patients to evaluate whether laboratory findings detected traces of acetaminophen in the sample. Patients were then treated according to their history. Laboratory results came out after patients' discharge. Agreement between patients' history and laboratory results were analyzed. Results: Among the 280 intoxicated patients enrolled, 38 patients had positive serum acetaminophen concentrations; 18 out of 38 patients did not represent a history suggesting acetaminophen intoxication. One patient without the history showed toxic serum acetaminophen concentration. Among the patients with the history, two patients with toxic serum acetaminophen concentration did not receive N-acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment due to their low reported doses, while other 2 patients without significant serum acetaminophen concentration did receive NAC treatment due to their high reported doses. Conclusion: This study showed a good overall agreement between history and laboratory test results. However, some cases showed inconsistencies between their history and laboratory test results. Therefore, in treating intoxication patients, a laboratory test of acetaminophen with rapid results should be available in most domestic emergency departments.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.57 no.1
• /
• pp.81-87
• /
• 2013

Staphylococcus aureus is the most important pathogen in nosocomial infections, including bloodstream infections. Prompt identification of S. aureus from blood cultures and detection of methicillin resistance are essential in cases of suspected sepsis. We have studied a new method for the sequence-specific visual detection of minute amounts of nucleic acids using intercalating reaction by addition of SYBR Green to amplicons of LAMP, and it's a unique gene amplification method in which DNA can be isothermally amplified using only one enzyme. Staphylococcus-LAMP, which targets the spa gene, encoding S.aureus-specific protein A, and the mecA gene, encoding penicillin-binding protein-2' for methicillin resistance, detected MRSA and MRSE. In this study, by using LAMP assay, I detected for Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis concentration in the clinical sample. The detection of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis was tested by using serial 10-fold dilutions standard solution. I have accurate detected the limit of detection, sensitity, specificity and reproducibility of the assay. The Bio-chip based LAMP assay allowed easy, rapid, accurate and sensitive detection of infection with Staphylococcus and especially applicable in a resource-limited situation.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.155-165
• /
• 2005

Arthritis is one of the most common chronic degenerative joint disease in elderly. Osteoarthritis is a widespread, slowly developing disease, with a high prevalence increasing with age in women. The large joints mostly involved by the disease are the knees. But there are no treatments available that cure the underlying process of osteoarthritis diseases. Physical exercise helps in increasing cartilage nutrition and remodeling, increases the synovial blood flow, decrease swelling, and improves muscle strength. Thus, exercise has been suggested as an important nursing strategy in osteoarthritis. Purpose: The purpose of this study were to compare muscle strength between Tai-Chi exercise and aquatic exercise for women with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with pretest and posttest measures was used. The study subjects were those who had been enrolled in a community health center, and agreed to participate in the study for eight weeks, signed the consent form, and obtained the physicians approval. The study dropout rates were 13.2% with the final study subjects of 17 on Tai-Chi exercise, 16 on aquatic exercise program. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS for Window (version 12.0). Independent sample t-test and paired t-test was performed to compare of muscle strength for women with osteoarthritis after 8-week Tai-Chi exercise and aquatic Exercise. Results: The homogeneity tests of demographic characteristics and study variables at the pretest data revealed no significant differences between two groups. After 8-week Tai-Chi and aquatic exercise, there was significant result in pre-post test comparison on muscle strength on Tai-Chi group, but no significant in aquatic group. There were no significant differences of knee extensor (p=.078), and hand grip(p=.118) in group comparisons on muscle strengths. But there were significant differences of knee flexor(p=.024). Conclusion: Tai-chi exercise was effective in improving knee flexor. So, it seems that Tai-chi exercise may be more suitable for aquatic exercise in osteoarthritis exercise programs. Further studies with other comparisons in physical and psycho social outcomes are necessary to confirm the more effects of exercise.