• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.614-620
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• 2003

상엽과 상심자, 구기자, 인삼 등은 당뇨에 효능이 있는 것으로 널리 알려진 약재들이다. 본 실험에서는 기본 실험을 통하여 상엽, 상심자, 구기자, 인삼, 차가버섯의 최적 배합비와 최적의 추출방법으로 엑기스 형태로 만들어진 소당엑스$^{TM}$와 이를 특허 출원한 방법으로 백미에 코팅한 소당미$^{TM}$를 사용하여 시험한 결과 Alloxan으로 당뇨를 유도한 마우스, 정상인, 그리고 당뇨환자 모두에서 혈당이 저하되었음을 확인하였다. 따라서 소당엑스$^{TM}$와 소당미$^{TM}$는 당뇨환자의 혈당 조직 및 합병증 예방에 효과적이므로 당뇨식이요법제로서 이용될 수 있는 건강 식품으로 사료된다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.133-137
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of chlorella diet supplementation. Blood accumulation and urine excretion levels were measured after the Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were fed on a chlorella diet supplementation mixed with 40 ppm of CdCl$_2$. Four groups tested for blood accumulation and urine excretion levels. All four groups fed on a basic diet with a cadmium mixture. The diet for the first group contained only basic diet and the cadmium added to the drinking water. The diet for the three other groups contained cadmium to the drinking water, and 1%, 5% and 10% of chlorella added to the basic diet. A concentration of cadmium for the first group showed a 3.2$\pm$0.4 $\mu\textrm{g}$/I blood accumulation level and 41.5$\pm$32.9 $\mu\textrm{g}$/l urinary excretion level, and the second group, which was fed on the basic diet with 1% of chlorella added and cadmium to the drinking water showed a $1.5\pm$0.6 $\mu\textrm{g}$/l blood level and only l4.l$\pm$1.6 $\mu\textrm{g}$/l urinary excretion level. The other two groups, which were fed on 5% and 10% of chlorella concentration and cadmium to the drinking water did not exhibit any notable effects greater than the group fed on 1% concentration of chlorella. The results suggest that the blood accumulation and urinary excretion of Cadmium are influenced by the chlorella diet supplementation from the concentration of 1% of the basic diet.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.54-64
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• 2022

Purpose: This in vitro study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different debridement techniques and conditioning procedures on root surface morphology and blood clot stabilization. Methods: Two debridement techniques (curette [CU] vs. high-speed ultrasound [US]) and 2 conditioning procedures (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [EDTA] and phosphoric acid [PA]) were used for the study. Seven experimental groups were tested on root surfaces: 1) no treatment (C); 2) CU; 3) US; 4) CU+EDTA; 5) US+EDTA; 6) CU+PA; and 7) US+PA. Three specimens per group were observed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for surface characterization. Additional root slices received a blood drop, and clot formation was graded according to the blood element adhesion index by a single operator. Data were statistically analyzed, using a threshold of P<0.05 for statistical significance. Results: The C group displayed the most irregular surface among the tested groups with the complete absence of blood traces. The highest frequency of blood component adhesion was shown in the CU+EDTA group (P<0.05), while no differences were detected between the CU, US+EDTA, and CU+PA groups (P<0.05), which performed better than the US and US+PA groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: In this SEM analysis, EDTA and conventional manual scaling were the most efficient procedures for enhancing smear layer removal, collagen fiber exposure, and clot stabilization on the root surface. This technique is imperative in periodontal healing and regenerative procedures.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.185-191
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• 2023

Objective: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a treatment method for pain, and it can be divided into conventional TENS (C-TENS) and acupuncture-like TENS (A-TENS). More recently, high power lasers have increasingly been used to reduce pain caused by arthritis, residual neuralgia, and musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was to compare the laser needle with C-TENS and A-TENS in terms of pain and blood flow in healthy people, as well as to confirm that the laser needle can replace TENS to treat pain. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Methods: The selected participants were divided using Minimize computer software into a laser group (n=13), a C-TENS group (n=13), and an A-TENS group (n=14); they underwent a pre-test for blood flow and pain in their forearm. The three groups received their respective interventions; they then underwent a second pain and blood flow test on the same spot. Results: No significant differences were observed in the A-TENS group between the pre- and post-tests, and a comparison among the three groups revealed no significant differences between the laser needle group and the C-TENS group in terms of pain. Regarding blood flow, no significant differences were found between the pre- and post-tests in the laser needle group; a comparison among the three groups only revealed a significant between the laser needle and A-TENS groups. Conclusions: This study confirmed that the laser needle can be used to treat pain when it is necessary to control blood flow.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.619-624
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• 1999

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of oligosaccharides(fructo or isomalto ) contained in sponge cake on blood lipids and intestinal physiology in rats. The experimental diet was mixed with 30% sponge cakes. Normal male Sprague Dawley rats weighing about 530g were randomly assigned to three groups and placed experimental diets and deionized water at free access for 25 days. Rat in control group received a diet mixed with sponge cake containing sucrose only at 21.58g/100g diet and rats in the other two groups received diets mixed with sponge cakes of which 40% sucrose was replaced with each oligosaccharide. The results obtained were as follows: No significant differences in efficiency of food, liver weight and intestinal length were observed among groups. The cecal contents and cecal wall weights were increased more in fructooligosaccharide(FO) group than control. The pH of cecal contents decreased significantly in two oligosaccharide groups. The water contents of fresh feces in FO group were the highest and the those of two oligosaccharide groups were higher than that of control. Dry fecal weight increased significantly in isomaltooligosaccharide(IMO) group. Total serum cholesterol concentration was significantly lower in FO group. Serum triglyceride(TG) was not significantly different among three groups at p<0.05, but serum TG of FO group was lower than those of other groups. In conclusion, 40% replacement of sucrose with oligosaccharides in sponge cake may have beneficial effects on lipid metabolism and intestinal function in rats.

• BMB Reports
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.261-265
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• 1996

Sheep hemoglobin (SHb) was modified with methoxy-polyethylene glycol (mPEG) to develop a potential blood substitute. mPEG has been used to decrease antigenicity and immunogenicity of foreign proteins. When the mPEG was attached to SHb, the modified hemoglobins showed decreased electrophoretic mobility on SDS-PAGE and decreased free amino groups. When the remaining free amino groups of mPEG modified SHb were determined by TNBS free amino group titration methods. about 34% of total free amino groups were modified with mPEG. This mPEG-SHb conjugate of 34% amino groups modified showed no precipitation by double immunodiffusion with polyclonal antibodies against SHb. This modified hemoglobin still has oxygen transport activity. So this antigenicity decreased hemoglobin may be used in humans as a potential blood substitute.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.34-39
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• 2005

This study examined the anti-diabetic effect of a silkworm extract in C57BL/6J mice, an ob/㏈ model, fed a high fat diet for 8 weeks. The body weight was not significantly different with the silkworm-extract supplement, nor did food intake and body weight gains also did not differ significantly among the high-fat diet groups. However, the water intake by the silkworm-extract supplemented groups increased significantly compared with that by the distilled-water supplement group, nonetheless, the FER did not differ significantly. For all groups, the blood glucose increased the most after 30 minutes and yet returned to a fasting level within 90 minutes. The fasting time and resulting glucose tolerance for the silkworm-extract supplemented groups were significantly decreased compared to that for the high fat diet with distilled water supplement group, while the level of blood glucose in silkworm-extract supplemented groups was significantly decreased compared with than in the diabetic control group. The HbA1c and insulin levels were no different among the groups. The sucrase and lactase activities in the proximal small intestine were significantly decreased in the silkworm-extract supplement groups compared to that in the diabetic control group. There was no significant difference in the glycogen contents in the liver and muscle among the groups. In conclusion, it was found that the silkworm-extract supplement repressed the disaccharidase activity in the small intestines mucosa of the C57BL/6J mice.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2015

Objectives : The present study was designed to investigate the anti-diabetic effects of Mori Folium (Morus alba L. of Moraceae) extract (MFE) on high fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type II diabetes mellitus in mice. Methods : The mice (C57BL/6J) were fed HFD for 8 weeks and then was induced with a single injection of STZ (75 mg/kg). The diabetic mice were divided into four groups [(STD, HFD, HFD + MFE and HFD + quercetin (QUR)] and administered with MFE or OUR for 4 weeks. Fasting blood glucose, lipid profile (triglycerides and cholesterol etc.), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), insulin and leptin were measured every 2 weeks. Results : Body weight gain was lower in the MFE and QUR groups than HFD group. The fasting blood glucose was lower in the MFE and QUR groups. Oral glucose and insulin tolerance were decreased in the MFE and QUR groups. The levels of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol were reduced in the MFE and QUR groups. The HDL cholesterol was much higher in the MFE and QUR groups than HFD group. The levels of GOT, GPT and atherogenic index were decreased in the MFE and QUR groups. The serum insulin and leptin concentrations were reduced in the MFE and QUR groups. Conclusions : These results showed that MFE could decrease blood glucose level and lead to an amelioration in dyslipidemia states on HFD/STZ-induced type II diabetes mellitus in mice.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.252-258
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• 2008

This study was designed to determine whether acute fructose or sucrose administration at different levels (0.05 g/kg, 0.1 g/kg or 0.4 g/kg body weight) might affect oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normal and type 2 diabetic rats. In OGTT, there were no significant differences in glucose responses between acute fructose- and sucrose-administered groups. However, in normal rats, the AUCs of the blood glucose response for the fructose-administered groups tended to be lower than those of the control and sucrose-administered groups. The AUCs of the lower levels fructose- or sucrose-administered groups tended to be smaller than those of higher levels fructose- or sucrose-administered groups. In type 2 diabetic rats, only the AUC of the lowest level of fructose-administered (0.05 g/kg body weight) group was slightly smaller than that of the control group. The AUCs of fructose-administered groups tended to be smaller than those of the sucrose-administered groups, and the AUCs of lower levels fructose-administered groups tended to be smaller than those fed higher levels of fructose. We concluded from this experiment that fructose has tendency to be more effective in blood glucose regulation than sucrose, and moreover, that smaller amount of fructose is preferred to larger amount. Specifically, our experiments indicated that the fructose level of 0.05 g/kg body weight as dietary supplement was the most effective amount for blood glucose regulation from the pool of 0.05 g/kg, 0.1 g/kg and 0.4 g/kg body weights. Therefore, our results suggest the use of fructose as the substitute sweetener for sucrose, which may be beneficial for blood glucose regulation.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.319-325
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• 1984

식육가공시(食肉加工時) 생기는 부산물(副産物)을 활용(活用)하기 위한 방안(方案)으로 돈육가공시(豚肉加工時) 얻어진 부산물(副産物)로 3종(種)의 혈액(血液)소시지를 제조하였다. 혈액(血液)소시지의 영양생리학적(營養生理學的) 효과(效果)를 검토(檢討)하고져 대조식이(對照食餌), 대조식이(對照食餌)에 혼합(混合)소시지 및 3종(種)의 혈액(血液)소시지를 각각(各各) 10%씩 혼합(混合)한 식이등(食餌等) 5종류(種類)를 만들었다. 각(各) 실험식이(實驗食餌)로 성장기(成長期)흰쥐(mald female)를 6주간 사육(飼育)하면서 성장률(成長率), 식이변취양(食餌攝取量), 식이효율(食餌效率), 단백질효율(蛋白質效率) 및 혈액성분(血液成分)을 측정(測定)하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 체중증가량(體重增加量)은 숫쥐에서 혼합(混合)소시지군에 비하여 혈액(血液)소시지-1군 및 2군이 양호(良好)하였다. 암쥐에서는 대조군(對照群)과 혈액(血液)소시지-1군은 비슷하였으나 그외 각(各) 실험군(實驗群)은 대조군(對照群) 보다 낮았다. 2. 식이섭취량(食餌攝取量)은 각(各) 실험군(實驗群)이 급식기간별(給食期間別)로는 다소 차이(差異)를 보였으나, 전(全) 급식기간(給食期間)으로는 큰 차이(差異)를 보이지 않았다. 3. 식이효율(食餌效率) 및 단백질효율(蛋白質效率)은 숫쥐에서는 각(各) 실험군(實驗群)이 비슷한 경향이었고, 암쥐는 급식기간별(給食期間別)로 차이(差異)를 보였으나 일정한 경향은 아니었다. 4. 간중량(肝重量)은 숫쥐에서 혼합(混合)소시지군과 혈액(血液)소시지-3군이 대조군(對照群)보다 낮았고, 암쥐는 혈액소시지-2군이 대조군(對照群)보다 낮았으나, 체중(體重) 100g 당(當) 간중량(肝重量)은 각(各) 실험군(實驗群)이 비슷하였다. 신장중량(腎臟重量)은 숫쥐에서는 혼합(混合)소시지군과 혈액(血液)소시지-1군이, 암쥐는 혈액(血液)소시지-1군이 대조군(對照群) 보다 낮았다. 체중(體重) 100 g 당 신장중량(腎臟重量)은 숫쥐의 혈액소시지-1군이 대조군(對照群) 보다 낮았고, 그외 각(各) 실험군(實驗群)은 비슷하였다. 그리고 비장(脾臟)의 중량(重量)은 각(各) 실험군간(實驗群間)에 차이(差異)를 보이지 않았다. 5. 혈중(血中) hematocrit 치(値) 및 hemoglobin 함량(含量) 그리고 혈청중(血淸中) 총단백질(總蛋白質), albumin, albumin/globulin 비(比), 총지질(總脂質) 및 total cholesterol 함량(含量)은 각(各) 실험군(實驗群)이 비슷한 수준(水準)을 보였다.