• 한국초지조사료학회지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.389-398
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 동계사료작물 사일리지를 첨가한 TMR을 급여하였을 때, 흑염소의 사료 섭취량, 일당 증체량, 영양소 소화율 및 질소 축적율에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 흑염소에 대한 동계사료작물의 사료가치 평가의 자료로 이용하고자 실시하였다. 공시가축은 흑염소 12두(♂)를 4처리구(T1: 청보리 사일리지 첨가구, T2: 유채사일리지 첨가구, T3: 호밀 사일리지 첨가구 및 T4: 이탈리안 라이그라스 사일리지 첨가구)로 나누어 처리구당 3두씩 개체별 대사케이지 에 라틴방각법으로 실시하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1일 두당 건물, 유기물 및 조단백질 섭취량은 유채 사일리지 첨가구가 가장 높았고, 청보리 사일리지 첨가구가 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 조단백질 및 ADF 가소화 섭취량 또한 유채 사일리지 첨가구가 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 1일 증체량은 유채 사일리지 첨가구, 호밀 사일리지 첨가구 및 이탈리안 라이그라스 사일리지 첨가구가 청보리 사일리지 첨가구 보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 건물, 조단백질 및 섬유소 소화율은 청보리 사일리지 첨가구가 가장 높았으며, 유채 사일리지 첨가구가 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.05). 질소섭취량과 질소축적율은 유채 사일리지 첨가구가 유의하게 높았으며, 청보리 사일리지 첨가구가 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 이러한 결과를 종합적으로 고려할 때 동계사료작물 중 유채 사일리지 첨가시 사료 섭취량 및 질소 축적율 증가로 인해 흑염소의 생산성이 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제15권8호
• /
• pp.5169-5175
• /
• 2014

이 연구는 일개광역시 보건소 금연클리닉 서비스 이용자의 금연관련 요인을 찾고자 수행되었다. 연구 대상자는 2007년 일개광역시 보건소 금연클리닉에 등록된 이용자 2,125명이었다. 빈도분석, 카이제곱검장, 다중로지스틱 회귀분석 등이 이용되었다. 6개월 금연 성공률은 39.8%였다. 남성, 65세 이상에서 금연률이 높았다. 고혈압, 주 2회 이상 음주자, 규칙적인 운동자, 10ppm 이상의 일산화탄소량 일수록 금연성공률이 유의하게 높았다. 다른 독립변수는 금연성공률과 통계학적으로 유의한 결과를 보이지 않았다. 로지스틱회귀분석 결과, 연령, 사용된 니코틴패치 수, 총 의뢰횟수 등이 금연성공과 유의한 기여요인으로 도출되었다. 특히 총 의뢰횟수가 가장 높은 오즈비를 보였다. 규칙적인 의뢰가 보건소 금연클리닉 프로그램에서 금연성공의 가장 효과적인 중재가 될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.99-107
• /
• 2012

목적: 말기암환자의 여명 예측은 치료의 이득과 위해를 판단하는 잣대가 되고, 적절한 의료 중재 제공 및 환자의 자율성에 기초한 의사결정에 중요한 기준이 된다. 특히 많은 수의 말기암환자는 암성 식욕부진-악액질 증후군으로 사망에 이르기 때문에 본 연구에서는 이를 반영할 수 있는 혈장 렙틴 농도와 생존기간과의 연관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2009년 7월부터 2010년 7월까지 13개월 동안, 만 20세 이상의 말기암환자 69명을 대상으로 혈장 렙틴 농도를 측정하고, 생존기간을 조사하였다. 나이, 성별, 원발암 부위, 암 치료 경력, 전이여부, 투약상황 및 활력증후, 백혈구 수, 혈색소, Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), C-반응성 단백질, 총 빌리루빈, 총 콜레스테롤, 알부민, 렙틴 등의 혈액검사를 시행하였다. 결과: 혈장 렙틴 농도와 성별, 나이, 백혈구 수, 혈색소, AST, ALT, 총 빌리루빈, C-반응성 단백질, 통증강도 등의 상관 관계 분석 결과 렙틴과 생존기간에는 통계적으로 유의한 양의 상관 관계를 보였으며, 단변량 분석한 결과 혈장 렙틴 농도는 생존기간과 통계적으로 경계수준의 유의한 관계를 보였으나, 단변량 분석에서 생존 기간에 유의한 영향을 미치는 성별, 백혈구 수, AST, ALT, 총 빌리루빈, 알부민, C-반응성 단백질을 포함하여 시행한 다변량 분석에서 혈장 렙틴 농도는 생존기간과 통계적으로 유의한 관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 암성 식욕부진-악액질 증후군과 관련이 있는 혈장 렙틴 농도와 말기암환자의 생존기간과는 통계적으로 유의한 연관성을 보이지는 않았다. 그러나, 소화기계암환자에 있어서는 혈장 렙틴 농도가 생존기간 예측인자로서 쓰일 수 있는 가능성을 보여주었다.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.172-179
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 몽골 마유로부터 분리한 유산균 Enterococcus faecium SA5의 이화학 특성을 파악하고 유산균 E. faecium SA5의 ${\beta}$-glucosidase의 활성과 이를 통한 ginsenoside 전환을 확인하는 것을 목표로 진행되었다. E. faecium SA5는 내산성, 내담즙성을 나타내었으며 4종의 병원성 미생물(Salmonella typhimurium KCTC 3216, Listeria monocytogenes KCTC 3710, Bacillus cereus KCTC 1012, Staphylococcus aureus KCTC 1621)에 항균 활성을 가질 뿐만 아니라 항생물질 colistin, gentamycin, neomycin에 내성을 나타내었다. 또한, E. faecium SA5는 bile salt hydrolase 활성을 나타내어 혈액 내 콜레스테롤 수준 감소 효과가 있다고 사료되며 10% skim milk에서 배양하였을 때, pH가 감소하고 산도 및 생균수가 증가하는 것으로 보아 발효유 스타터로써의 활성을 갖는 것으로 판단되었다. 또한 E. faecium SA5의 ${\beta}$-glucosidase에 의해 ginsenoside $Rb_1$이 ginsenoside $Rg_3-s$와 $Rg_3-r$으로 전환되었음을 TLC 분석을 통해 확인하였다. 따라서 E. faecium SA5는 잠재적인 probiotics로 이를 이용하여 발효유 제조 및 ginsenoside 전환 관련 건강기능식품 개발에 응용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Genomics & Informatics
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.52-58
• /
• 2018

In this report, we present a case study of how pharmacogenomics and pharmacometabolomics can be useful to characterize safety and pharmacokinetic profiles in early phase new drug development clinical trials. During conducting a first-in-human trial for a new molecular entity, we were able to determine the mechanism of dichotomized variability in plasma drug concentrations, which appeared closely related to adverse drug reactions (ADRs) through integrated omics analysis. The pharmacogenomics screening was performed from whole blood samples using the Affymetrix DMET (Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes and Transporters) Plus microarray, and confirmation of genetic variants was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Metabolomics profiling was performed from plasma samples using liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. A GSTM1 null polymorphism was identified in pharmacogenomics test and the drug concentrations was higher in GSTM1 null subjects than GSTM1 functional subjects. The apparent drug clearance was 13-fold lower in GSTM1 null subjects than GSTM1 functional subjects (p < 0.001). By metabolomics analysis, we identified that the study drug was metabolized by cysteinylglycine conjugation in GSTM functional subjects but those not in GSTM1 null subjects. The incidence rate and the severity of ADRs were higher in the GSTM1 null subjects than the GSTM1 functional subjects. Through the integrated omics analysis, we could understand the mechanism of inter-individual variability in drug exposure and in adverse response. In conclusion, integrated multi-omics analysis can be useful for elucidating the various characteristics of new drug candidates in early phase clinical trials.

• 한국간호교육학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.95-107
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study is to determine the clinical nurses' knowledge of DM and diabetes patient education aptitude so as to provide a basis for clinical nurse training with respect to diabetes patient education program. The data has been collected through the questionnaires of 42 items from the Knowledge on DM and each 16 item from the Importance on the elements of diabetes patient and the Recognition for clinical nurses, respectfully. 166 nurses from a general hospital who had participated in clinical nurse training in Sep. 28 and Oct. 4, 2001 were subject to respond the questionnaires. Analysis has been done by using statistical method such as percentage, average, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test and Pearson correlation coefficients. The findings are as follows: 1. Clinical nurses' knowledge levels of diabetes 1) The average level of nurses' knowledge about diabetes is 29.37 (right answer- finding rate: 70%), which is intermediate. 2) Amongst the nurses classified by their knowledge levels about diabetes, the group with less than one year career and that with more than 5 year careers are found to have higher knowledge levels. The item with the highest right answer-finding rate was 'Please find the wrong out of the following examples about foot care'. Meanwhile, the item with highest incorrect answer-finding rate was 'what does blood sugar control aims for amongst gestational diabetes?'. 2. Clinical nurses' importance and perception levels of educational training about diabetes 1) There were no differences amongst nurses' importance level about diabetes. 2) Nurses usually had high scores(4.30) in terms of the items related to the importances about educational training. 3) There were quite high recognitions of general characteristics and symptoms about diabetes, amongst the nurse cohorts working more than one year and less than 5 years, and over 5 years, the group belonging to the internal department, that having the previous experiences of dealing with diabetes, and that having their diabetic relatives and other close people. Meanwhile, strangely, the group who identified themselves as 'not good at treating diabetes' had a high recognition level of educational training about diabetes. 3. Relationship between knowledge levels and importance & perception levels of diabetes 1) The higher knowledge about diabetes nurses had, the more importance they recognized. 2) It is found that there was no relationship between knowledge and perception of diabetes. 3) The more importance about diabetes nurses had, the higher perception they obtained. In conclusion, there is an urgent need for systematic educational programs about diabetes including technical aspects, in order to upgrade and improve nurses knowledge levels. In addition, re-educational training should be provided at regular intervals. Further, we believe the nurses with high knowledge about diabetes and interests in the provision of educations for patients can be far more confident, and in return, patients can have better self-management about diabetes obtained through educations. Based on the above-mentioned findings, we would like to make the suggestion: re-evaluation about nurses' knowledge and cognition levels should be carried out after job training programs about diabetes.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.101-112
• /
• 2000

The aim of this study is to compared the cerebral palsy children with normal children in the exercise and cardio vascular ability after this study as the fundamental data fer mating programs for the cerebral palsy children. The test of this study is about twenty girls, the control group of the normal children(n=10) and the experiment group of cerebral palsy children(n=10). They were studied in four aspects which were the anthropometry, the medical check in the rest, the physical fitness or exercise roads test and the change of the target heart rate during exercise. The result were as follows : 1. The characteristic of the physical type : The control group is higher than the experiment group in the standing height and the body weight but their's little difference between them (p<0.05). The control group is lower than the experiment group in the body fat. 2. The characteristic of the medical check in the rest : The control group is higher than the experiment group in the vital capacity and flood expiratoryvolume one second. The control group is higher that the experiment group in the blood pressure of systolic and Diastolic. There's little difference between them(p<0.01). The control is lower than the experiment group in the heart pulse rate. There's little difference between them(p<0.005). 3. The characteristic of basic physical strength evaluation : The experiment group is the lowest dynamic muscular endurance, balance, agility and endurance which need to move the body with weight. The control group is much higher than the experiment group in the flexibility and muscle strength(Back strength). There's no difference between them(p<0.05). 4. The characteristics of the exercise stress last : The control group is higher than the experiment group in the endurance, the maximum of oxygen intake, endurance level and the out take of calory. There's little difference between them(p<0.01). 5. The characteristic of the change of the target heart rate during exercise : The control group is lower than the experiment group exchange of target heart rate, There's no difference them.

• 대한임상독성학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.137-142
• /
• 2009

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of drug induced anaphylactis and anaphylactic shock in patients who were admitted to the emergency department Methods: We retrospectively collected the data on patients with drug induced anaphylaxis and who were admitted to the emergency department from January 2001 to June 2009. The study group was divided into the non-shock and shock groups according to whether the systolic blood pressure more than 90mmHg. The initial demographic data, the causes of drug-induced anaphylaxis, the clinical manifestations, the treatment and the prognosis were reviewed for 72 patients. Results: The mean age of the study subjects was $47.9P{\pm}14.2$ years old and there were 40 male patients and 32 female patients. There were 26 patients in the non-shock group and 46 in the shock group. The mean age was older in the shock group than in the non-shock group ($51.5{\pm}15.1$ vs $42.5{\pm}10.6$, p-0.002). A history of drug allergy was more common in the shock group, but no difference was found for the comorbid chronic diseases between the two groups. Radio-contrast media was the most common cause, followed non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs and antibiotics, but there is no difference in the causes between the two groups. The symptoms of cyanosis, syncope, sweating and dizziness were more frequently manifested in the shock group. The administration of intravenous fluid and injection of subcutaneous epinephrine at the emergency department were more frequent in the shock group than in the non-shock group. Conclusion: For the patients who were admitted to the emergency department with drug induced anaphylaxis, the mean age was older and the symptoms of cyanosis, syncope, sweating, dizziness were more frequent in the anaphylactic shock patients than in the non-shock group. More treatments were given at the emergency department to the anaphylactic shock patients.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.66-70
• /
• 2005

본 연구는 우리나라 도축장 현실에서 출하 전 마그네슘 단기 첨가 급여가 돈육 육질을 개선시키고 PSE 돈육 발생을 억제시킬 수 있는지를 구명하기 위하여 거세비육돈(Landrace) 60두를 대조구(MgSO₄ 무첨가구)와 MgSO₄ 급여구로 30두씩 나누어 도축 전 5일 동안 사료와 물을 무제한 급여하여 6일째 도축장으로 수송한 후 2시간 내에 도축하였다. 도축 전 MgSO₄ 첨가 급여는 도축 시 혈중 마그네슘 함량에 영향을 미치지 않았으며, 혈중 스트레스 관련 호르몬(adrenaline, noradrenaline) 역시 마그네슘 급여구와 대조구 사이에 차이가 없었다. 사후 초기 pH는 대조구가 더 높았고, 최종 pH는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 사후 도체온도는 도축 직후 MgSO₄ 급여구가 더 높았으나 3시간과 6시간에는 비슷하였다. PSE 발생율은 대조구 30%, 마그네슘 급여구 23.3%로 마그네슘 급여구가 약간 낮은 경향을 보였으나 드립로스와 육색 명도에는 차이가 없었다. 비록 본 연구에 공시된 비육돈의 유전적 배경과 도축 전 비육돈의 취급방법이 기존 보고자들과 달랐지만 우리나라의 현실적인 여건을 고려할 때 마그네슘 첨가급여에 의해 돈육 육질을 개선하는 방법이 확립된다면 돼지 사육업자나 가공업자에게 큰 이익을 가져다줄 것이므로 마그네슘 효과를 극대화시킬 수 있는 방법을 찾아낸다면 경제적인 방법이 될 것으로 보인다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 1999

We sought to find out the mechanism of vascular relaxation by extracellular $K^+$ concentration $([K^+]_o)$ in the cerebral resistant arteriole from rabbit. Single cells were isolated from the cerebral resistant arteriole, and using voltage-clamp technique barium-sensitive $K^+$ currents were recorded, and their characteristics were observed. Afterwards, the changes in membrane potential and currents through the membrane caused by the change in $[K^+]_o$ was observed. In the smooth muscle cells of cerebral resistant arteriole, ion currents that are blocked by barium, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), and tetraethylammonium (TEA) exist. Currents that were blocked by barium showed inward rectification. When the $[K^+]_o$ were 6, 20, 60, and 140 mM, the reversal potentials were $-82.7{\pm}1.0,\;-49.5{\pm}1.86,\;-26{\pm}1.14,\;-5.18{\pm}1.17$ mV, respectively, and these values were almost identical to the calculated $K^+$ equilibrium potential. The inhibition of barium-sensitive inward currents by barium depended on the membrane potential. At the membrane potentials of -140, -100, and -60 mV, $K_d$ values were 0.44, 1.19, and 4.82 ${\mu}M,$ respectively. When $[K^+]_o$ was elevatedfrom 6 mM to 15 mM, membrane potential hyperpolarized to -50 mV from -40 mV. Hyperpolarization by $K^+$ was inhibited by barium but not by ouabain. When the membrane potential was held at resting membrane potential and the $[K^+]_o$ was elevated from 6 mM to 15 mM, outward currents increased; when elevated to 25 mM, inward currents increased. Fixing the membrane potential at resting membrane potential and comparing the barium-sensitive outward currents at $[K^+]_o$ of 6 and 15 mM showed that the barium- sensitive outward current increased at 15 mM $K^+.$ From the above results the following were concluded. Barium-sensitive $K^+$?channel activity increased when $[K^+]_o$ is elevated and this leads to an increase in $K^+-outward$ current. Consequently, the membrane potential hyperpolarizes, leading to the relaxation of resistant arteries, and this is thought to contribute to an increase in the local blood flow of brain.