• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.278-290
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the hangover relieving effect of HO-series. HO-S1 is an herbal mixture, which consists of extracts from Flower of Pueraria lobata Ohwi, Glycyrrhiza glabra Linné, Fruit of Lycium chinense Miller, Poria cocos Wolf, Acanthopanax sessiliflorum Seeman, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Atractylodes lancea De Candlle and Zingiber officinale Roscoe. HO-S2 is a candidate that has been performed to ultra filtration based on HO-S1. HO-S3 is a mixture of amino acids and vitamins based on HO-S2. HO-01 is the final beverage base produced based on HO-S3. The antioxidant activity of HO-series was similar to that of vitamin C or trolox. The production of t-BHP induced reactive oxygen species(ROS) was significantly blocked in the presence of HO-series. In vivo study, AUC of alcohol and acetaldehyde concentrations in HO-S2 and HO-S3 treated groups significantly decreased. Hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH) activity were significantly higher in HO-S2 and HO-S3 treated groups. And 2E1 activity and glutathione were significantly elevated, while the malondialdehyde level was not significantly in liver tissue. After alcohol exposure, the sensitivity scores of blood alcohol and acetaldehyde concentration and hangover symptoms were significantly decreased in the HO-01 intake group compared with the non-intake group. ALDH activity was significantly increased in the HO-01 intake group. HO-series have antioxidant activity and a protective effect from ROS. HO-S2, HO-S3 and HO-01 are potentially highly beneficial in relieving hangover, as it scavenges reactive free radicals and boosts the endogenous antioxidant system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.393-400
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• 2011

This study investigates the effects of a hangover beverage (MIX) that contains minerals (highly-salty mineral water, HSMW) and several medicinal plant extracts, on antioxidant and alcohol-metabolizing enzymes in alcohol administered Sprague-Dawley rats. HSMW is pumped from below the sedimentary rock layer of Dadaepo, Busan, South Korea, which is 1,050 m below the land surface; it tastes salty, like sea water. In terms of medicinal plant extracts, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of Rubus coreanus and Cornus officinalis were measured as being significantly higher than those in Curcuma longa. The results suggest that treatment with MIX significantly increases superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and DPPH radical scavenging activity. In the 10% HSMW-, for MIX- and company product (CP)-treated groups, the concentration of blood alcohol was significantly reduced 1~5 hr after alcohol loading, compared to that in the control group. In hepatic alcohol-metabolizing enzyme activities, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity was found to be higher in the MIX- and CP-treated groups than in controls, whereas acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity was significantly higher in the CP-treated groups than other groups. This study concludes, therefore, that MIX (HSMW) minerals, like as Zn, Ca, Mg, Mn, and others stimulate alcohol-metabolizing enzymes, while the antioxidants of plant extracts prevent the damage otherwise incurred by alcohol toxicity. These results suggest that the hangover beverage (MIX) alleviates alcohol hangover symptoms by stimulating activities related to hepatic alcohol-metabolizing enzymes and antioxidant effects.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2014

Excessive ethanol intake is known to induce a number of physiological symptoms, including headache, dizziness and vertigo. In this study, we investigated the attenuation effect of sprouted peanut extract (SPE) on ethanol-induced hangover in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The animals were divided into five groups: the control group, which was administered ethanol only; the ethanol plus SPE experimental groups, which were administered ethanol and 100, 200, or 400 mg SPE/kg b.w.; and the positive control group, which was administered ethanol plus DAWN808$^{(R)}$, a commercial product. SPE-suspended water was delivered to rats via gavage 15 h and 30 min before the administration of ethanol. Blood was collected from the tail 0, 1, 3, and 5 h after ethanol administration. The results showed that serum ethanol concentrations were significantly lower in SPE treated groups than in the control group. Furthermore, hepatic alcohol and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase activities were enhanced by SPE in a dose dependent manner. These results suggest that SPE could be useful in attenuating hangover after alcohol consumption.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.54-57
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• 2004

Disulfiram (tetraethylthiuram disulphid) is used in the treatment of chronic alcoholism since it causes an unpleasant aversive reaction to alcohol. It works by inactivating hepatic aldehyde dehydrogenase, leading to pronounced rise in the acetaldehyde concentration when ethanol is metabolized. Acetaldehyde causes alcohol sensitivity, which involve vasodilation associated with feeling of hotness and facial flushing, increased heart rate and respiration rates, lowered blood pressure, nausea, headache. One of its metabolites, diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) can inhibit the enzyme dopamine $\beta$-hydroxylase (DBH), this may account for the profound refractory hypotension and hypothermia seen with the disulfiram-ethanol reaction (DER), resulting from norepinephrine depletion. This report is presents the case of a patient we met, who presented with hypothermia caused by the disulfiram-ethanol reaction, and along with a brief review of the subject.

• Plant Resources
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.195-199
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• 2004

It has been believed that supplementation of human diets with soybean products markedly reduces human cancer mortality rates. Specifically the black colored soybean has been considered as having a medicinal effect since ancient times in Korea. Six genotypes of black colored soybean and a normal variety were investigated for their biological effect. While the isoflavone content of black colored soybean was higher than the normal soybean, saponin content of the seeds was not different among varieties. In the case of antioxidant activity, black colored soybean showed over 3 times increase in the active effect than the control variety. When feeding soybean extract, a general change of alcohol resolving effect, such as alcohol dehydrogenase activity, was observed in the blood and liver of rats.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.42-49
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• 2002

Objective:This study was to explore the relation of genetic polymorphisms of ALDH2 and CYP2E1 to clinical characteristics of alcoholic patients and alcohol induced liver damage. Methods:The genotype and allele frequencies of 128 male hospitalized patients who met DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence were compared with 128 healthy male control subjects. The genetic informations of ALDH2 and CYP2E1 were identified with the technique of polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. The clinical characteristics of the alcoholic patients were assessed and analyzed in relation to the family history of alcoholism. For the relation of CYP2E1 genetic polymorphism to the liver damage, the blood levels of various liver function indicators such as ALT, AST, and protein were checked out. Results:1) The alcoholic patients with the family history of alcoholism had the earlier onset of age (p=0.001), the longer duration of illness(p=0.045), and higher NCA scores(p=0.018) than those without the family history of alcoholism. 2) Most alcoholic patients were homozygous for $ALDH2^*1$, compared to control subjects.(p=0.000) 3) There was no difference of CYP2E1 distribution between alcoholic patients and control subjects. However, alcoholic patients having mutant c2 allele showed higher alcoholism severity scores(p=0.004) and more hospitalizations(p=0.014) than those having c1 allele. 4) There was no relationship between CYP2E1 genotype and the functional abnormalities of the liver. Conclusion:This study suggests that $ALDH2^*1$ is highly related with alcohol dependence. Also mutant c2 allele of CYP2E1 is correlated with the severity of alcoholism and the number of hospitalization. But genetic polymorphim of CYP2E1 seems to have no relation to liver damages.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.222-239
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of alcohol on the psychomotor performance and subjective assessment in healthy Korean adults with acetaldehyde dehydrogenase I(ALDH-I) isozyme variance. A total of 20 male subjects, half with active ALDH-I and the other half with inactive ALDH-I, were selected through both a self-reporting questionnaire examining alcohol sensitivity and the Higuchi's ethanol patch test detecting ALDH-I deficiency. In a doule-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over design, each subject consumed four doses of alcohol(0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0g/kg) and placebo on five separate occasions at weekly intervals, Treatment order was fully balanced using a $5{\times}5$ Latin square, Psychomotor performance tests[coritical flicker fusion threshold(CFF) and choice reaction time(CRT)] and self-estimate questionnaires were conducted at baseline and at time points of 20, 40, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 minutes after consuming the test drug for 20 minutes, Blood alcohol concentrations(BACs) using breath analyzer were measured at baseline and at time points of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 150, 180 minutes after drinking, The BACs and the mean changes in the psychomotor performances and subjective assessments from pre-alcohol baseline, were compared between the two groups. The findings were summarized as follows : 1) BACs were tended to be higher in the inactive group than the active in all of the four alcohol doses. However significant group differences were only after the 0.5g/kg dose of alcohol. 2) The inactive group showed significant impairment in CFFT at most time points alter 0.75 and 1.0g/kg doses of alcohol. 3) In CRT, total reaction time(TRT) significantly prolonged in the inactive group than the active group at 20 minutes after 0.25 and 1.0g/kg doses of alcohol and at 40, 60, 90 minutes alter 0.75g/kg dose of alcohol. In the inactive group, recognition time component significantly increased at 20, 60, 90 minutes after 1.0g/kg dose of alcohol, while movement time component significantly increased at 40, 60 minutes after 0.75g/kg dose of alcohol. 4) Subjective evaluation of the effect of alcohol revealed that physical and mental conditions as well as a self-estimate of the effects of alcohol on performance were significantly worse in the inactive group than the active at some time points alter all of the lour alcohol doses, wihch were more pronounced after 0.75 and 1.0g/kg doses of alcohol. 5) Most of the group differences mentioned above, still remained statistically significant after BAC was entered as a covariate, These findings demonstrated that the alcohol sensitivity is higher in individuals with inactive ALDH-I than those with active ALDH-I both on the subjective assessments and the objective psychomotor performances. Furthermore, these results suggest thai the alcohol sensitivity may be determined by acetaldehyde concentration rather than BAC per se. In future studies, after more accurate genotyping for ALDH-I, the relationships between BAC, acetaldehyde concentration and alcohol sensitivities should be clearly defined.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 2015

Objectives : The effect of pear extract with Daekumeumjagami and vitamin C medication(PDV) on alcohol metabolism and hepatic injury was assessed following hepatic injury induced by alcohol in mice. Methods : The model of alcoholic hepatic injury was established by orally administration with 3 g/kg 25% alcohol in mice. PDV was orally administrated once a day for 5 days. Mice were randomly divided into 5 groups : normal group, control group, and PDV groups (PDV-A, PDV-B and PDV-C). The activities of aspartate amino transferase (AST) and alanine amino transferase (ALT) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) in serum, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase in liver were determined after alcohol exposure. Results : Compared with control group, treatment with PDV-B and PDV-C significantly elevated activities of ADH. Moreover, the index of hepatic injury in serum was significantly decreased by treatment with PDV-B and PDV-C in ALT activity and PDV-C in AST activity. Additionally, enhanced catalase activities in liver was found in PDV-C treated mice after exposure to alcohol. Also, WBC in blood was significantly lower by treatment with PDV-B and PDV-C. Conclusions : This study suggests that PDV treatment could enhance alcohol metabolism, and prevent hepatic injury after alcoholic hepatic injury and that this effect is likely related to its modulation on the alcohol metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.59-78
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• 1976

In order to investigate the influences of Panax ginseng (white ginseng and red ginseng) on the anesthetic effect and toxic effect of alcohol, experimental studies .had been carried out with albino rabbits, mongolian dogs and mice. The anesthetic effect of alcohol was observed by measuring the induction time, .anesthetic time, recovery time and duration from the beginning of induction to , the recovery of anesthesia (total time), respectively. and toxic effect ($LD_{50}$) of alcohol was measured. In addition to these experiments, al cohol concentration in .blood, blood sugar level, serum transaminase (GOT and GPT) activities and serum alkaline phosphatase activity were measured. Also in order to study the clinical effect of alcohol in healthy students, code .substitution, response time and muscle coordination were tested. The results were obtained as follows. 1. In the rabbits and mongolian Jags, the induction time of anesthesia by the administration of alcohol was delayed by the pretreatment of ginseng but recovery time and total time of anestksia were markedly shortend. 2. The bleed alcohol concentration was decreased by the pretreatment of ginseng , but not affected in mongolian dogs. 3. The blood sugar level, serum transaminase (GOT and GPT) activities and alkaline phoshatase activity in rabbits and dogs induced by the administration of alcohol were affected by the Pretreatment of ginseng. Because those were included within normal ranges, the differnces have no remarkable significance. 4. Liver alcohol dehydrogenase activity of rabbit was increased by the treatment of ginseng, especially it was markedly increased by the treatment of red ginseng 5. The average lethal dose of alcohol to mice was increased by the pretreatment. of ginseng, especially it was markedly increased by the pretreatment of red .ginseng. 6. In the clinical experiments, the blood alcohol concentration induced by alcohol administration was not affected by the pretreatment of ginseng whereas the bleed sugar level was increased. Blood alcohol concentration and bleed sugar level were measured after three hours alcohol administration. 7. The response time of healthy students administered with alcohol was markedly shortened by the pretreatment of ginseng but the experiments on the code substitution and muscle coordination were not affected.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.891-897
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• 2007

This experimental Study was designed to investigate the mechanism of Acanthopanacis Cortex Roots(ACR) 50% ethyl alcohol extract on the improvement of regional cerebral blood flow and cytokines production in cerebral ischemic rats. And was designed to investigate whether ACR inhibits lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) activity in neuronal cells The results were as follows; ACR significantly inhibited LDH activity in neuronal cells. These results suggest that ACR prevents the neuronal death. rCBF was significantly and stably increased by ACR(10 mg/kg, i.p.) during the period of cerebral reperfusion, which contrasted with the findings of rapid and marked increase in control group. In cytokine production of serum by drawing from femoral arterial blood at 1 hr after middle cerebral arterial occlusion, experimental group was significantly decreased $IL-1{\beta}$ and $TNF-{\alpha}$ production, and significantly increased IL-10 production compared with control group. In cytokine production of serum by drawing from femoral arterial blood at 1 hr after reperfusion, experimental group was significantly decreased $IL-1{\beta}$ and $TNF-{\alpha}$ production, and significantly increased IL-10 production compared with control group. According to above results, the author suggest that ACR had an anti-ischemic effect through the improvement of cerebral hemodynamics, and inhibitive effect on the brain damage by inhibited $IL-1{\beta}$ and $TNF-{\alpha}$ production, and accelerated IL-10 production.