• Title/Summary/Keyword: Block quality

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A Clinical Review of the Patients in the Kim Chan Pain Clinic (김 찬 신경통증클리닉 환자의 통계고찰)

  • Han, Kyung-Ream;Park, Won-Bong;Kim, Wook-Seoung;Lee, Jae-Cheul;Lee, Kyung-Jin;Kim, Chan
    • The Korean Journal of Pain
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.101-104
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    • 1998
  • Backgrouds: Twent five years have passed since the opening of the first pain clinic in korea, in 1973 at Yonsei University Hospital. The number of pain clinics are gradually increasing in recent times. It is important to plan for future pain clinics with emphasis on improving the quality of pain management. Therefore we reviewed the patients in our hospital to help us in planning for the future of our pain clinic. Methods: We analyzed 2656 patients who had visited our Kim Chan Pain Clinic, accordance to age, sex, disease, and type of treatment block, from July 1996 to August 1997. Results: The prevalent age group was in the fifties, 27.3%, seventy years and older compromised 9.2%. The most common disease were as follows: lower back pain(46.2%); cervical and upper extremities pain(23.1%); trigeminal neuralgia(7.2%); and hyperhydrosis(5.8%) Both nerve blocks and medication were prescribed as treatment. Lumbar epidural block(16.3%) and stellate ganglion block(15.6%) were the most frequent blocks performed among various nerve blocks. Among nerve block under C-arm guidance, lumbar facet joint block(24.4%) and lumbar root block(22.5%) were performed most frequently. Trigeminal nerve block(18.4%), thoracic(17.0%) and lumbar sympathetic ganglion block(11.4%) were next most prevalent blocks performed frequent block. Conclusions: Treatments at our hospital were focused on nerve blocks and medications prescriptions. Nerve blocks are of particular importance in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pain. However in future, to raise the quality of pain management, we need to fucus on a multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary team approach.

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Watertightness Property Evaluation of Rain-Block System (개폐식 대공간 구조물에서 지붕 맞댐부 우수차단 시스템의 수밀성 평가에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Yun-Ho;Baek, Ki-Youl;Kim, Jong-Su;Lee, Sun-Gyu;Oh, Sang-Keun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2010.05a
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    • pp.13-16
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    • 2010
  • This study is an Investigation on the Watertightness Properties of Rain-Block System on the Sliding-Roof Joint of Large-Span Membrane Structures. In this experimental, we test the watertightness performance of joint part of sliding door in roof of large span membrane structure(for pilot project) under environment of rain and wind. A shape of rain water blocking systems of joint part in sliding door verifies the defects and effects of water leakage prevention in precipitation with the wind conditions. For obtaining watertightness of large span membrane structures, it is necessary quality of joints and performance, and quality of membrane material of a retractable roof as well as a closed roof. Also, for obtaining quality in joints, it is essential to make a watertightness guideline for design of large-span membrane.

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Data Hiding in Halftone Images by XOR Block-Wise Operation with Difference Minimization

  • Yang, Ching-Nung;Ye, Guo-Cin;Kim, Cheon-Shik
    • KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.457-476
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    • 2011
  • This paper presents an improved XOR-based Data Hiding Scheme (XDHS) to hide a halftone image in more than two halftone stego images. The hamming weight and hamming distance is a very important parameter affecting the quality of a halftone image. For this reason, we proposed a method that involves minimizing the hamming weights and hamming distances between the stego image and cover image in $2{\times}2$-pixel grids. Moreover, our XDHS adopts a block-wise operation to improve the quality of a halftone image and stego images. Furthermore, our scheme improves security by using a block-wise operation with A-patterns and B-patterns. Our XDHS method achieves a high quality with good security compared to the prior arts. An experiment verified the superiority of our XDHS compared with previous methods.

Discrete Block Replacement Policies under Random Use Durations (확률적인 사용시간하의 이산적 일제교체정책)

  • Yoo Young Kwan
    • Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.62-67
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    • 2004
  • This paper presents and compares two block replacement policies under random use durations. The units are put in service altogether and then idle for some time. The time durations during which units are put in service are random variables. Two block replacement policies, called N-policy and T-policy, are presented. Under N-policy, units are replaced altogether after the Nth use. Under T-policy, units are replaced altogether at the end of the use after cumulative use time T elapses. The failures during use durations are replaced by new ones individually. The cost rate expressions under the policies are derived for exponential use durations. Numerical examples are presented to compare the performances of the two policies.

Performance Evaluation of Inter-Locking Block Using Fly Ash

  • Shin, Byung-Chuel
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.143-148
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    • 2004
  • In this paper, the properties of inter - locking block using fly ash are discussed in order to provide economical advantages and improve quality, and protect environment and recycle resources. Fly ash is the by-product of coal in thermal power plant. The experimental parameters are fly ash content, the amount of AE water - reducing agent and mixing proportion of cement mortar. According to the experimental results, the improvement of quality in the side of strength, absorption ratio and freeze - thaw resistance for manufacturing inter -locking block and the curtailment of cost can be achieved in case of 15% of fly ash and 0.3% of AE water- reducing agent are mixed into mortar mixture of 1 :6(C:S).

Evaluation of Sample Quality for Marine Clay by Large Block Samples (대형블럭시료를 이용한 해성점토 시료의 품질 평가)

  • Kim, Jong-Kook;Yoon, Won-Sub;Kim, Ji-Hee;Chae, Young-Soo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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    • 2008.03a
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    • pp.1004-1011
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    • 2008
  • In this study, obtained large block sample and piston sample of marine clay in korea were performed unconfined compression and consolidation test. Soil properties of two type samples such as failure strain, between two parameter's ratio($E_{50}$ and $q_u$), and volumetric strain were used to evaluate sample disturbance. The result, large block samples show a low disturbance than piston samples. Therefore, we suggest new sample disturbance evaluated method through the relation of OCR and volumaric strain at shallow of marine clay in Korea and suggest new sample disturbance classified method by subdivided grade for failure strain of unconfined compression test.

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A Real-Time Monitoring System Model for Reducing Manufacturing Lead-Time in Numerical Control Process - Focusing on the Marine Engine Block Process - (제조 리드타임 단축을 위한 NC 가공공정에서의 실시간 모니터링 시스템 모형 - 선박용 엔진블록 가공공정을 중심으로 -)

  • Kong, Myung-Dal
    • Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.11-19
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    • 2018
  • This study suggests a model of production information system that can reduce manufacturing lead time and uniformize quality by using DNC S/W as a part of constructing production information management system in the industrial field of the existing marine engine block manufacturing companies. Under the effect of development of this system, the NC machine interface device can be installed in the control computer to obtain the quality information of the workpiece in real time so that the time to inspect the process quality and verify the product defect information can be reduced by more than 70%. In addition, the reliability of quality information has been improved and the external credibility has been improved. It took 30 minutes for operator to obtain, analyze and manage the quality information when the existing USB memory is used, but the communication between the NC controller computer and the NC controller in real time was completed to analyze the workpiece within 10 seconds.

Wavelet-Based Fast Fractal Image Compression with Multiscale Factors (레벨과 대역별 스케일 인자를 갖는 웨이브릿 기반 프랙탈 영상압축)

  • 설문규
    • Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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    • v.4 no.4
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    • pp.589-598
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    • 2003
  • In the conventional fractal image compression in the DWT(discrete wavelet transform), the domain and range blocks were classified as B${\times}$B block size first before all domain block for each range block was searched. The conventional method has a disadvantages that the encoding time takes too long, since the domain block for entire image was searched. As an enhancement to such inefficiencies and image quality, this paper proposes wavelet-based fractal image compression with multiscale factors. Thus, this proposed method uses multiscale factor along each level and band to enhance an overall image quality. In encoding process of this method, the range blocks are not searched for all the domain blocks; however, using the self affine system the range blocks are selected from the blocks in the upper level. The image qualify of the conventional method is 32.30[dB], and the proposed method is 35.97[dB]. The image quality is increased by 3.67[dB].

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HDTV Essential Padding Area in Digital Broadcasting (디지털 방송에서 HDTV 필수 부가영역)

  • Han, Chan-Ho;Yoon, In-Seop
    • Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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    • v.20 no.6
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    • pp.853-864
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    • 2017
  • HD padding area is essential redundancy in HD broadcasting. It is possible to use this padding area for the purpose of improving DTV broadcasting services. For utilization of this area, The bit of a service data was converted to black and white $8{\times}8$ block image. Converted block images are compressed with active video and are delivered to a receiver as only DC coefficients in a video stream. video quality is not effected by the proposed method, and service data was perfectly recovered in receiver without errors by using block average and threshold. The proposed utilization of HD essential padding area can possibly overcome the limited transmission stream rate with the bandwidth of HD broadcasting. If service data in transport or video stram were transferred using this padding area, it is possible to improve video quality with expanded video stream rate. Additionally, because the proposed methods are based on well-established standards, it is also useful for world-wide HD broadcasting systems such as ATSC, DVB, and IPTV.

A variable block-size transform coding by high-frequency energy (고주파 에너지에 의한 가변블럭 변환 부호화법)

  • 곽내정;이승희;송영준;안재형
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.21 no.5
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    • pp.1089-1095
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    • 1996
  • We propowe a variable block-size transform coding. The size of transform block is adapted by the activity of the block, If the activity is lower than the given threshold, then the block-size is enlarged. In this paper, we use the energy of the transformed cofficients with high frrequency instead of the block variance as the block activity. The computer simulation results show that the reconstruction image by the proposed activeity measure gives superior picture quality to that by the block variance and the mean absolute difference.

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