• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2001

This study is the seventh of series that have been interpreted as the view of regionalism for the block plans and floor plans of the traditional houses spreaded in Kyoung-Sang-Buck-Do Privince, and is investigated its subject in Sung-ju area. The purpose of study is to be analyzed the block types of the houses and the floor plans of An-chae(ladys inner house) and declared the typical case on the characteristics on each housing elements to Buk-Bi-Go-Teak on the conclusion. The block plan of the high-leveled traditional houses in Sung-ju area is typically the courtyard type that is opening at sides that 3 to 5 of I-shaped or L-shaped buildings are composed. The floor plan of An-chae is mostly typed I-shaped and its bay system is semi-lineal type(Teo-Kan-Gip).

• 대한조선학회 특별논문집
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• 대한조선학회 2005년도 특별논문집
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• pp.159-164
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• 2005

In this paper, we study some problems of the scheduling on the fixed area in a shipbuilding. The scheduling, constrainted a working area, is not easy to make a load balance and to operate a change of daily work plan. we proposed a block arrangement algorithm to make the load balance and developed a system used to operate the change of daily work plan.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

The post-war period has witnessed the emergence of new towns in a number of countries in Southeast Asia. New town development started in Malaysia with Petaling Jaya as a satellite town in 1953 to accommodate the rapid growing population of Kuala Lumpur. New towns have been designed in accordance with the British town planning principles, based on the modern ideal city. Nonetheless, they have constituted a regional character as they have incorporated local factors such as local technologies as well as site and climatic conditions. In the shaping of the new towns in modern cities, regulatory aspects have played important roles. The regulations decide the basic framework for planning of new town, block plan and unit plan. The ultimate goal of this study is to understand the identity of the new town planning of Malaysia. As a first step, we reviewed the local regulations, standards, and design guidelines which are applicable to the new town planning from the national land use to local plans. As a result, we categorized the guidelines into four areas: urban space, site plan, street system, block plan and unit plan. We expect this study to provide the framework of the Malaysia's new town planning from the perspective of the local regulations.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2003

두경부 및 흥부에서 척수 견딤선량은 방사선 치료 제약 조건중의 하나이다. 이 영역에서 척수 견딤 선량을 임상적으로 허용 가능한 수준으로 유지하면서 표적에 임상적으로 유의한 선량을 전달하는 것은 쉽지 않은 문제이다. 기존의 치료 방법을 적용할 때 따르는 문제를 해결하기 위해 동적 다엽콜리메이터(dynamic multi leaf collimator, dMLC)를 사용한 척수의 부분 차폐 기법(spial cord partial block technique)을 개발하였다. 이 기법은 기존의 3차원 방사선 치료 계획 장치를 사용하여 치료계획을 수립한다. 치료 계획 절차는 표적을 잘 포함 할 수 있는 빔 방향 및 빔 개수를 설정한 후, 척수 등 방사선 민감 장기를 보호하기 위한 부분차폐를 적용하여 최적화된 선량분포를 만들어 낸다. 이 기법의 유용성을 평가하기 위해 동일한 환자에 대해 기존의 치료 계획과 PBT 치료 계획을 수립하여 상호 비교 평가하였다. 평균 선량과 DVH를 치료 계획 평가 인자로 사용하였다. 임상 적용 가능성을 위해 일련의 정도관리를 수행하여 평가하였다. 이 정도관리는 선량 분포 검증에 대한 필름 도시메트리와 단일점 측정으로 구성되어 있다. PBT 치료계획이 기존의 치료계획 보다 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있었으며, 두경부에서 유용한 치료 기법임을 볼 수 있었다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제41호
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• pp.112-120
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to review the plan composition characteristics of the super high-rise apartment. 20 cases were selected in Seoul and Kyunggi area that were planned or constructed since 1999, and 10 unit plans were analyzed to review such design characteristics as block type & entry access type, plane figure, opening layout, area distribution and spice composition of unit plan. The result of the study shows that the super high-rise apartment has more variant block types and plane figures compare with the conventional high-rise apartment, and it also has several design characteristics in plane composition such as the increase of the number of the walls with openings, the weakening of the spatial centralization of a living room and the dispersion of rooms with the increase of connection by corridors.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제34권
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• pp.43-50
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• 2022

목 적: 총 두피 방사선치료 시 정상 뇌 조직을 최대한 보호할 수 있도록 접선조사를 극대화하는 치료계획 및 장비를 선정하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 인체 모형에 총 두피를 구획하여 치료 부위를 설정하고, 나선형 토모테라피(Helical TomoTherapy, HT) 계획, Complete Block을 이용한 나선형 토모테라피(Helical TomoTherapy with Complete Block, HTCB) 계획 그리고 체적조절호형방사선치료(Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy, VMAT) 계획을 수립하였다. 모든 치료계획은 처방 선량(40 Gy)의 95%가 들어가는 치료계획 용적이 체적의 95% 이상이 될 수 있도록, Dmax가 처방 선량의 110%를 넘지 않게 하였다. 치료계획은 뇌를 포함한 손상 위험 장기의 선량 비교를 실시하였으며 뇌 선량의 경우 Emami 등의 연구 결과의 정상조직 평가기준 체적을 참고하여 뇌 조직의 선량을 평가하였다. 결 과: HT, HTCB, VMAT 각각 뇌 조직 선량 D_33%는 21.68 Gy, 13.75 Gy, 20.89 Gy, D_67%는 7.06 Gy, 3.21 Gy, 7.84 Gy, D100%는 3.14 Gy, 1.75 Gy, 3.84 Gy, D_mean은 16.64 Gy, 11.78 Gy, 16.64 Gy로 HTCB plan에서 전반적으로 선량이 낮았으며, 저선량은 5 Gy를 기준으로 체적을 구하였을 때 V_5Gy는 각각 87%, 49%, 96%로 나타났다. 이외의 시신경을 제외한 나머지(뇌줄기, 해마, 양측 안구)의 최대선량은 HTCB에서 가장 낮았다. 결 론: 토모테라피에서 Complete Block을 적용하였을 때 전체 뇌 조직의 선량 감소와 더불어 뇌에 포함된 양쪽 해마 등의 손상 위험 장기의 선량을 가장 최소화해 방사선 유도 뇌 손상의 발생과 그로 인한 신경인지 기능 감소 등에 대한 부작용의 확률을 줄일 수 있는 치료계획임을 확인하였다. 향후에는 총 두피 조사 이외에도 다양한 부위에 치료되는 고리 형태의 표적(Ring Target)에 대한 추가적인 연구를 진행하여 접선 조사에 대한 이점을 확립하게 된다면 치료계획 시 접선조사 극대화를 위해 Complete Block을 사용한 토모테라피를 적용함으로써 선량적으로 유용한 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.23-35
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• 2002

Even though there have been greate changes in the types and contents of the housing plan in Korea since the Modem age, it seems that the identity of traditional dwelling culture is still remains within it. The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics and features in the development of the 'Public Standard' Housing Unit Plan by comparing the differences and similarities in unit plans in housings built on Japanese occupation period and those built after the period. From the study, we can conclude as follows: 1. The public standard housing unit plans on both periods have shown the common features in the composition of their physical forms in the way that the front-row area still remains the traditional housing culture and the rear-row area reflects the desires of the modem lives. The structure of the dual-row unit plan appeared in the public standard housing plan was caused by the cultural acculturation in Japanese occupation period. 2. The public standard housing unit plans, however, show the differences in the contents and meaning in units plans with the them of the Japanese housing because of the cultural differences. These differences took placed autonomously through the change of housing plans in the modern time, and have the common features such that 1) the changes in the Maru-centered plan type differ in composition from the inner-corridor plan type used Japanese housing, and 2) the composition of the open-inner spaces in the double-row housing plan reflects the single-row outer open space In the traditional housing. All of these cultural progresses in the public standard housing unit plans was took place as the result of the inner-oriented and notional circulations derived from the modernity. However, the transformed unit plans still contains the identity derived from the variation of the traditional Korean building elements such as Maru and Ondol. In other words, those are the Maru-centered and composed housing plans with juxtaposition of the inner block and the outer block. As the conclusion, though the public standard dwelling unit plan has the similarity in the physical form, it is different in the cultural Identity and meaning from the public standard plans before the independence from the Japan occupation.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.101-107
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• 2016

Generally, the shipbuilding industry has finite resources and limited workspace. Due to finite resources, limited workspace and state of block preparation, erection process in shipbuilding industry is frequently delayed than erection process scheduling which is planned at long-term plan stage. In this study, considering variability of block reserve ratio, the degree of delay in real erection process is measured and compared to scheduling which is planned at long-term plan stage in shipbuilding industry including finite capacity and variative lead time. Also, the erection process scheduling which has minimum lead time can be checked through simulation. The results of this study could be improved the accuracy of erection process scheduling by checking the main event compliance ratio by block reserve ratio and calculating the optimum erection pitch for the main event compliance.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2013

Ikseon-Dong 166 is one of the traditional urban resident area developed during 1930's. The purpose of this research is to analyze the structural relationship between a conventional housing unit plans and modern block plans based on orthogonal geometry. To fully explore the selling point of the new urban development, the planner or real estate developer in private sector did not abandon or compromise the conventional house layouts, consists of single layer of rooms keeping the main room facing south. This study concludes the following factors connecting the urban and architectural plans. Oblong block plans following east-west direction did not allow the southern exposure of courtyard and main room, which was the absolute requirement for traditional house units, the longer side of block plan followed north-south direction as a result. Considering the possibility of rent, having entrance at the east or west side of individual site enables two separate household maintain their spatial privacy. In addition to the factors mentioned above, when the blocks are to be divided into individual addresses, north-south oblong block plans maintained the length to face the front road minimum while the southern exposure maximized. These factors explains why the private developers maintained their blocks elongated to north-south direction when the block plans laied out by public sectors which did not care that much of southern exposure show random orientation in the view point of solar exposure.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.3-11
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• 2018

Korea has achieved a rapid economic development and with the increase in population and national income and the expansion of social and economic activities, energy consumption has rapidly increased too. Energy consumption per head has constantly increased and currently, power consumption per head is 7.5 times bigger than in 1985. Buildings occupy 25% of total energy consumption and especially, 50% of total energy is consumed for heating and cooling. In this situation, multi-family housing, which has constantly been increased, has an energy saving rate of 1.9%, which is the lowest level and this makes the government's energy policy for sustainable energy system development useless. Besides, energy consumption leads to secondary problems, such as air, water and marine pollution and heat pollution and wastewater/drainage and the increased use of fossil fuel is a fundamental reason for ozone layer destruction and global warming. Therefore, efficient energy consumption plans are required. This study aims to analyze energy performance in each block type of high-rise and diversified multi-family housing that accounts for 60% of all the housing forms, depending on the variations in stories through BIM-based energy simulation. For this study, four representative block types were selected, based on the multi-family floor plan, which is certified for energy performance evaluation and they were applied to the floor plan of a multi-family house that is scheduled to be built. Then BIM modeling was conducted from the fifth story to the 40th story at an intervals of 5 stories and based on the finding, energy characteristics of each block type and energy performance depending on the variations in stories were analyzed. It is considered that this would serve as objective data for block type and block story decision of energy performance-based multi-family housing.