• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.355-362
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• 2007

Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is characterized by tonic clonic contractions of the muscles innervated by the ipsilateral facial nerve. Compression of the facial nerve by an ectatic vessel is widely recognized as the most common underlying etiology. HFS needs to be differentiated from other causes of facial spasms, such as facial tic, ocular myokymia, and blepharospasm. To understand the overall craniofacial abnormalities and to perform the optimal surgical procedures for HFS, we are to review the prevalence, pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, details of each treatment modality, usefulness of brainstem auditory evoked potentials monitoring, debates on the facial EMG, clinical course, and complications from the literature published from 1995 to the present time.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.163-171
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• 2014

Objectives : The aim of this study was to observe the effect of needle-embedding combined with oriental medical treatment therapy on hemifacial spasm. Methods : 2 patients were treated with needle-embedding therapy with oriental medical treatment. After treatment, we evaluated the effect by Scott's scale. And we checked the satisfaction degree and side effect. Results : After treatment, the grade of spasm classified by Scott's scale was decreased and hemifacial spasm was visibly improved. Conclusions : This study showed that needle-embedding therapy with oriental medical treatment was effective to improve hemifacial spasm.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.130-134
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• 2015

A 13-year-old, castrated male Yorkshire terrier was presented with acute blepharospasm 2 months after phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation in the left eye. Menace response was weakly positive in the left eye. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was 98 mmHg in the left eye. On ophthalmic examination using slit lamp biomicroscope, episcleral injection and corneal edema were observed in the left eye. Aqueous flare (1+) and iris bombe with peripheral anterior synechia were also detected in the left eye. In spite of medical treatments, IOP was remained more than 50 mmHg. Synechiolysis and radial iridectomy with irrigation/aspiration of anterior chamber were performed in the left eye. One week after the surgery, tissue plasminogen activator was injected to resolve the blood and fibrin clot in the left anterior chamber. Menace response was recovered completely 1 month after the surgery and IOP was maintained less than 20 mmHg more than 6 months.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제48권12호
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• pp.889-892
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• 2010

Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A), a potent neurotoxin that reversibly blocks presynaptic acetylcholine release, has been applied successfully to treat facial spastic conditions such as blepharospasm, strabismus and cervical dystonia. Since the first reported application in dentistry in 1994, BTX-A has been used with great success to used in the orofacial region to help treat masticatory and facial muscle spasm, severe bruxism, facial tics, and hypertrophy of the masticatory muscles. The clinician may be aware of the many courses becoming available and aimed at dentists to start using it in the cosmetic context. This article intends to provide a basic understanding of the many functional uses of the drug in the orofacial region that may be relevant to everyday practice, especially in orthodontic field.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.292-294
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• 2020

A 14-year-old castrated male Persian cat presented with epiphora, blepharospasm, brownish ocular discharge, corneal neovascularization, and corneal opacity in the left eye. Medial lower eyelid entropion was diagnosed through an ophthalmic examination. Since the cat was old and suffered from chronic kidney disease, we decided to perform a hyaluronic acid (HA) subdermal filler injection without general anesthesia rather than surgical correction. After topical anesthesia by lidocaine jelly and disinfection, HA filler was injected into the medial lower eyelid under minimal physical restraint. At the last follow-up 139 days later, lower eyelid entropion was not observed and related clinical signs disappeared. Therefore, HA subdermal filler can be an effective intervention for the treatment of entropion in cats.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.289-291
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• 2019

An 18-day-old male HanWoo calf was presented to the Animal Medical Center of Jeonbuk National University with a history of bilateral blepharospasm and epiphora. The calf was infected with rotavirus and was severly dehydrated. On ophthalmic examination, enophthalmos was noticed and the calf was diagnosed with bilateral upper eyelid entropion and resultant trichiasis. As a treatment, skin staples were applied, and the entropion was successfully corrected. Further, entropion has not recurred through the follow-up period.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.229-232
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• 2020

A 15-year-old, spayed, female American shorthair cat presented with recurrent corneal sequestrum in the right eye. The cat had undergone superficial keratectomy twice for corneal sequestrum treatment 5 and 11 months previously. Two layers of porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS; Vetrix BioSIS®) were applied to the surgical corneal defect after keratectomy. Thereafter, clinical signs, such as lacrimation, blepharospasm, and corneal ulcer, disappeared 50 days postoperatively. Moreover, the application of SIS with keratectomy prevented recurrence until 651 days after surgery. SIS could be applied as an additional bioscaffold for surgical repair of corneal sequestrum recurring after superficial keratectomy alone in cats.

• 동국한의학연구소논문집
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.69-79
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• 1999

편측 안면경련은 편측 안면근의 불수의적, 간헐적 수축으로서 심할 경우 안면 근력 약화 및 강직현상 등이 나타나기도 하는 질환이다. 서양의학에서 편측 안면경련의 병태생리에 대한 가설은 크게 두가지로 대별되는데, 첫째는 중추성 가설(핵가설)이고, 둘째는 말초성가설이다. 치료방법은 대별하여 내과적 치료와 외과적 치료로 나눌 수 있는데, 외과적 치료가 다양하게 시행되어 왔으며, 근래에는 두개강내 미세혈관 감압술이 시행되고 있다. 한의학(韓醫學)에서는 안엄경련을 안포진도(眼胞振跳) 포륜진도(胞輪振跳)라고 하고, 안미도(眼眉跳)라고도 하며, 그 외 목순(目瞬), 목도(目跳), 안피도(眼皮跳) 등의 이름으로도 불리운다. 외인(外因)으로는 풍사(風邪)가 경락(經絡)에 침입(侵入)하는 것이며, 내인(內因)으로는 간혈허(肝血虛)한 중(中)의 풍사(風邪)가 겸(兼)하기 때문이다. 따라서, 국부경혈 자침과 함께 장부변증에 따라 간(肝), 담경(膽經) 경혈의 사용과 함께 이침(耳鍼)의 시술이 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.391-398
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• 2013

보툴리눔 독소는 사시, 안검경련, 뇌성마비, 경부근 근육긴장이상, 다한증, 얼굴의 주름 같은 미용 치료, 그리고 만성 편두통 치료에 미국 식약청의 승인을 받아 사용되고 있다. 이외에도 강직유발 통증, 포진후 신경통, 근막통증, 아프타성 구내염 등과 같은 통증을 조절하는 데 효과가 있을 것이라 기대되어 다양한 의료영역에서 연구가 진행되고 있는데, 최근 코골이 및 수면무호흡 치료에 있어서 보툴리눔 독소의 효과에 관한 연구들이 보고된 바 있어 그 유용성에 관해 고찰해 보고자 한다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.98-102
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• 2021

Three dogs with different extents of corneal edema were presented to the Dana Animal Hospital Eye Center. The dogs (3 eyes) were diagnosed with corneal endothelial degeneration with clinical signs of corneal edema, conjunctival hyperemia, and mild blepharospasm through a full ophthalmic examination. For the treatment of corneal edema, superficial keratectomy using a crescent microsurgical knife was performed, and a conjunctival advancement hood flap was applied to the stromal defects. In two cases where corneal edema and opacity were observed only in a part of the cornea, corneal edema was reduced and did not progress to other parts of the cornea and corneal transparency and vision were also well-maintained during the follow-up on days 349 and 231 after the surgery. In a case where the whole cornea was edematous and cloudy, corneal edema and opacity had not clearly improved at the last follow-up on day 275 after the surgery. In conclusion, SKCAHF relieved corneal edema and improved vision, and the prognosis tended to be better when there was less corneal edema caused by CED.