• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1061-1075
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• 2016

In this paper, we discuss various methods to visualize high dimensional large-scale data and review some issues associated with visualizing this type of data. High-dimensional data can be presented in a 2-dimensional space with a few selected important variables. We can visualize more variables with various aesthetic attributes in graphics or use the projection pursuit method to find an interesting low-dimensional view. For large-scale data, we discuss jittering and alpha blending methods that solve any problem with overlapping points. We also review the R package tabplot, scagnostics, and other R packages for interactive web application with visualization.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.18 no.6 s.91
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• pp.31-36
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• 2006

Study has been made for producing anionic surfactant using waste fleshing scraps from the leather making process through refining, esterification, sulfonation and blending processes. As a most optimum lard oil refining method, refining was carried out for 4 hours under temperature of $120^{\circ}C$ and approximately 200 mbar vacuum, which gave a recovery of more than 80% lard oil. Refined lard oil obtained thus was undergone methlyl-esterification, then sulfonated to make a degreasing agent. By methyl-esterification using lard oil, more than 85% of fatty acid and $12{\sim}13%$ of glycerine were extracted from the oil. Sulfonation of the extracted fatty acid ester lard oil has shown most optimum at $15{\sim}20%$ chlorosulfonic acid content, and the content of bonding sulfate at this time was higher than 3.5%. Finally the followed anionic surfactant having degreasing force of 80% and higher could be made by blending process.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 1999

Algin is known as biodegradable natural polymer from marine plants. PVA/Algin blend films were prepared by solution blending method for the purpose of useful biodegradable polymer. Characteristics properties of PVA/Algin blend films such as DSC, Elongation, Tensile strength and Morphological change by SEM were determined. Tensile strength and Elongation were rapidly reduced as increasing the blend ratio of Algin. PVA/Algin blend films were found that phase separation was occured as more than 25wt% increasing the blend ratio of Algin. Blend films were observed to be less partially compatibility than 10wt% increasing the blend ratio of Algin by DSC, mechanical properties and SEM. Also, PVA/Algin blend films at the laboratory soil test(Pot Test) were completely degraded in months with four kinds of soils by microorganisms.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.4 s.57
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• pp.29-36
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• 2006

Fashion and interior architecture are two areas of design that may share common issues, trends and philosophies, making fashion design human's second skin and interior architecture the third. The concept of 'skin' has become one of the most interesting phenomena in design during the past decade and not surprisingly similar issues can be seen also in fashion and architectural design. The current trend in fashion design is that the skin (clothing) has become detached from the human body and extended into the environment, resulting fashion as art objects. Skin in architecture and interior design has also become detached from the structure so designers have more freedom to experiment by using advanced technologies. The present study attempts to analyze common features of 'skin phenomenon' in fashion and interior architecture that are; detachment, emphasis on space, extension, territorial blending, and digital applications. The researcher has used constant comparative method to categorize the five features among many examples. The limitation of this study is that it is focused on the formative phenomena of projects excluding the philosophies and personal background of each designer. However, it is hoped that the study may assist designers and other researchers to understand relationships between fashion and interior design, hold broader spectrum in art and design.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.347-355
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• 2005

Biodegradability of cotton/polyester blend fabric was investigated employing activated sluge test, soil burial test and enzyme hydrolysis. Surface changes of the degraded sample were observed through a microscopy. Changes in X-ray diffraction patterns and crystallinity were examined using X-ray diffractometer. Experimental results revealed that biodegradability of cotton/polyester blend fabric was proportional to the blending ratio of cotton, not showing any synergy effect. Polyester 100% hardly degraded in this study. Through the comparison of the experimental method it was shown that the biodegradabilities determined from activated sludge test and enzymatic hydrolysis except soil burial test were linearly related to the blending ratio of cotton in the blent fabrics. It is probably because the biodegradability determined from the retention of tensile strength of fabrics buried in soil was affected by the stress distribution of polyesters throughout the fabric. From the microscopic observations it was revealed that fungi were grown on the fabric surface and the colors turned yellow, brown and black. X-ray diffraction patterns showed that the heights of crystalline peak coming from cotton part in blend fabrics decreased whereas those coming from polyester part increased comperatively as time passed by. Crystallinities of cotton 100% fabric increased slightly at the begining and then decreased continuously.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.1827-1835
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• 2010

In this paper, facial feature areas in user picture are created by facial feature points extracted by ASM(Active Shape Model). In a existing virtual make-up application, users manually select a few features that are exactly. Users are uncomfortable with this method. We propose a virtual makeup application using ASM that does not require user input. In order to express a natural makeup, the modified alpha blendings for each cosmetic are used to blend skin color with cosmetic color. The Virtual makeup application was implemented to apply Foundation, Blush, Lip Stick, Lip Liner, Eye Pencil, Eye Liner and Eye Shadow.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.27 no.1 s.53
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• pp.141-152
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• 2005

This study focused on the relationships among leaf and smoke components and sensory properties following tobacco leaf blending. A completely randomized experimental design was used to evaluate components of leaf and smoke and sensory properties for sample cigarettes with four mixtures of flue cured and burley tobacco (40:60, 60:40, 80:20 and 100:0). Eleven leaf components, six smoke components, and eight sensory properties of smoking taste were analyzed. A sensory evaluation method known as quantitative descriptive analysis was used to evaluate perceptual strength on a fifteen score scale. Raw data from ten trained panelists were obtained and statistically analyzed. Based on the MANOVA, clustering analysis, correlation matrix and partial least square (PLS) method were applied to find out which smoke component most affected sensory properties. The PLS method was used to remove the influence between explanatory variables in the leaf, smoke components derived from the results. High correlations (p<0.0l) were found among ten specific leaf and smoke components and sensory attributes. Total nitrogen, ammonia, total volatile base, and nitrate in the leaf were significantly correlated (p<0.05) with impact, bitterness, tobacco taste, irritation, smoke volume, and smoke pungency. From the results of PLS analysis, influence variables are used to explain about the correlation. In terms of bitterness, with only two explanatory variables, Leaf $NO_3$ and Leaf crude fiber were enough for guessing their correlation. In the distance weighted least square fitting analysis, carbon monoxide highly influenced bitterness, hay like taste, and smoke volume.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.6 no.3 s.21
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• pp.75-82
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• 2006

This study investigates the influence of various blending factors on cement paste fluidity and find out the most effective evaluation method of cement paste flow, comparing flow test apparatuses such as ring flow(R-F), flow cone(F-C) and mini slump(M-S). A viscometer also measures the rheology coefficients to secure faithful numerical data. Firstly, series I examines cement paste, affected by several cement products and mineral admixture types in the range of W/B 40%, ordinary fluidity, and W/B 30%, high fluidity. In this series, the three types of cement product depended on companies, are randomly used and the mineral admixture, such as fly ash, blast furnace slag and silica fume, are incorporated in the cement paste, in response to the ratio of 10, 20, to 30%, respectively. In addition, series II studies various chemical admixture types, affecting the cement paste. This series is carried out with manufacturing companies and component types in the range of W/C 30%, high fluidity. For the manufacturing companies, randomly four products are used and for the component types, polycaboxylate, melamine, naphthalene and lignosulfonate type are chosen. Test results showed that in the fluidity test of cement paste considering various types of blending factors, R-F exhibited similar tendency with F-C and M-S. In the analysis of consistency curves measured by viscometer, the fluidity evaluation method using flow test apparatuses was significantly effective, except for the some of the low fluidity specimens. In conclusion of this study, R-F was the most convenient, faithful and effective fluidity evaluation method of cement paste.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.43 no.2 s.308
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• pp.63-71
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• 2006

Denoising and reconstruction of color images are extensively studied in the field of computer vision and image processing. Especially, denoising and reconstruction of color face images are more difficult than those of natural images because of the structural characteristics of human faces as well as the subtleties of color interactions. In this paper, we propose a denoising method based on PCA reconstruction for removing complex color noise on human faces, which is not easy to remove by using vectorial color filters. The proposed method is composed of the following five steps: training of canonical eigenface space using PCA, automatic extraction of facial features using active appearance model, relishing of reconstructed color image using bilateral filter, extraction of noise regions using the variance of training data, and reconstruction using partial information of input images (except the noise regions) and blending of the reconstructed image with the original image. Experimental results show that the proposed denoising method maintains the structural characteristics of input faces, while efficiently removing complex color noise.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2023

The existing self-supervised learning-based CutPaste generated synthetic data by cutting and attaching specific patches from normal images and then performed anomaly detection. However, this method has a problem in that there is a clear difference in the boundary of the patch. NSA for solving these problems have achieved higher anomaly detection performance by generating natural synthetic data through Poisson Blending. However, NSA has the disadvantage of having many hyperparameters that need to be adjusted for each class. In this paper, synthetic data similar to normal were generated by a simple method of making the size of the synthetic patch very small. At this time, since the patches are so locally synthesized, models that learn local features can easily overfit synthetic data. Therefore, we performed anomaly detection using gMLP, which learns global features, and even with simple synthesis methods, we were able to achieve higher performance than conventional self-supervised learning techniques.