• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.25-30
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was carried out to investigate an antioxidant ability, the change of antioxidant ability, antimicrobial activity and anticancer in functional meat ball and sausage prepared from Lentinus edoes mycelium and texturized soy protein. Methods : This experiments was carried out to investigate antioxidant ability(TBARS, DPPH, SOD-like ability), antibacterial activity and anticancer ability using sarcoma 180 extracts from Lentinus edoes mycelium. Result : Anticancer ability of Lentinus edoes mycelium showed a 28% survival rate and 63% of inhibition rate of tumor, which showed $1.30{\pm}0.4g$ of tumor weight. These results revealed an effective Lentinus edoes mycelium resources as anticancer sources. After heating peoducts prepared from Lentinus edoes mycelium, these products doesn't showed difference between after heating and before heating in measuring of SOD-like activity and DPPH. In DPPH experiment, ethanol extracts showed a high DPPH value as 90.85%, but hot water extracts showed 82.14% in DPPH value. Conclusion : In conclusion, it is very useful resources for preparing functional food on the basis of results from antioxidant(TBARS, DPPH, SOD-like ability), antibacterial activity and anticancer ability using sarcoma 180.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.5-17
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine effects of aromatherapy on the activity and balance of autonomic nervous system and on physical resistance to stress. Methods: This research is a primitive experimental design which attempts to analyze aromatherapy EKG monitoring on real-time basis. Lavender & Chamomile, each 30 drops, were blended with 100ml Sweet Almond oil. Subjects was laid relaxed, and had insides of his wrists and ankles attached with electrodes for EKG. Right after applied with essential oil onto his philtrum and parotid, started on EKG monitoring. Results: The activities of parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve were changed as time elapsed, with significant differences(p=.000). In multiple comparison, the value was significantly different(p<.05).The balance of autonomic nerve was changed, becoming close to the normal level in accord with applicable international standards(1.5)(p=.011). In multiple comparison, the value showed a significant difference(p<.05). Physical resistance to stress increased with the passage of time, but not statistically significant. Conclusions: This suggests that aromatherapy can be used as a nursing intervention which aims at alleviating symptoms related to the imbalance of autonomic nerve system such as headache, hot flashes, irregular heartbeat, nervousness, depression and anxiety.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2005

Two BC1 group, c108 $\times$ (p50 $\times$ c108) and p50 $\times$ (p50 $\times$ c108), one group of F$_{2}$ progeny, (p50 $\times$ c108) F$_{2}$ ,and 3 SSR markers, F10539, FlO626 and FlO618 were used to test the hereditary properties of SSR markers in silkworm. FI0539, FlO626 were proved to be linkage, and FlO618 was proved to be independent to those two markers. According to Mendel's law, the recombinant value between F10539, FlO626 was calculated in all of these groups, and they were 8.55$\%$ (c108BC1), 8.02$\%$ (p50BC1) and 7.81 $\%$ (F$_{2}$) respectively. There was dominant difference among the crossing-over value using paired-samples tests by SPSS 10.0 software. This research proved that SSR markers were co-dominant in B. mori too, and F 2 progeny could be used to construct SSR linkage map although B. mori lacked of crossing over in females.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.404-410
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• 2005

Sopoongsan is an oriental medicinal composition including 12 medicinal herbs. Sopoongsan is known to have anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-allergic, and anticancer effects on human skin. The results of stability test showed that the creams containing Sopoongsan extracts were very stable at both accelerated temperature conditions and sun-light. And pH and viscosity of each cream did not change greatly for 56 days. From the particle size and rheological measurements, it can be known that when the amount of the Sopoongsan extracts increases, the mean value of particle size decreases, and the value of the complex modulus and loss angle increases, which means the Sopoongsan extracts help stabilize the emulsion. From the result of human patch test to assess the safety of cream containing Sopoongsan extracts, there was no stimulus of negative reaction on skin. In result of the user tests, it can be known that the higher concentration of the Sopoongsan was preferred by customers.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.551-558
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• 2007

From the view point of biological wastewater treatment, C/N ratio is one of the most important factor in biological nutrient removal process. However, municipal sewage in Korea is characterized by extremely low content of carbon source and relatively higher portion of N source. Accordingly, it is necessary to dose external carbon source in order to obtain higher degree of carbon source within the process. In this study, the effects of pH pretreatment as an alternative plan for increasing carbon source on the cell disruption and COD solubility of waste activated sludge were conducted under well defined experimental conditions. During 5 hours, the value of COD solubilization rate ($S_R$) at pH 11.5 is approximately 4.4 times higher than the value of $S_R$ at pH 9.5. It is expected that the level of SCOD increased due to the result from cell disruption. However, VSS/TSS ratio was not significantly changed after 5 hours. As Alkalinity changes gradually from less than 15, 30 and 60 meq NaOH/L, average RBCOD/SCOD fraction showed 34, 36 and 45%,respectively.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.15
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• pp.6289-6292
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• 2015

Purpose: To determine the biological behaviour of common odontogenic cystic lesions by analysing and comparing bcl-2 expression amongst them. Materials and Methods: Our study covered 90 formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue samples: 26 primary cases each of radicular cysts (RC), dentigerous cysts (DC) and odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) and 12 of recurrent OKCs. Bcl-2 expression was analysed immunohistochemically and data analysis was accomplished using SPSS version 17.0. Means were taken for age while for gender and site of the lesions frequencies and percentages were determined. The Chi-square test was applied to evaluate any statistically significant difference of bcl-2 expression in these lesions and p value of ${\leq}0.05$ was taken as significant. Results: All the recurrent OKCs showed a strong positivity for bcl-2 that was absent in all of its primary cases (p value<0.05). Although variation in expression of bcl-2 was not found to be statistically significant between RC and DC, however, it became significant when all primary cases of these common odontogenic lesions were compared. Conclusions: Recurrent OKC showed comparatively a more aggressive behaviour than their primary counterparts and also from RC and DC. Bcl-2 proved to be a valuable adjunct in determining aggressive biological behaviour of odontogenic lesions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 2014

Nanotechnology has become one of the fastest developing technologies and recently applied to a variety of industries. Thus, increasing number of nano materials including various nanoparticles would be discharged into wastewater and consequently entering a biological wastewater treatment process. However, the impact of the nano particles on biological wastewater treatment has not been estimated intensively. In this research, we investigated the effect of silica nanoparticle on the oxygen uptake rates (OURs) of activated sludge used in a conventional wastewater treatment process. The inhibition (%) values were estimated from the results of OURs experiments for the silica nanoparticles with various sizes of 10-15, 45-50, and 70-100 nm and concentrations of 50, 250, and 500 ppm. As results, the inhibition value was increased as the size of silica nano particles decreased and the injected concentration increased. The maximum inhibition value was investigated as 37.4 % for the silica nanoparticles with the size of 45-50 nm and concentration of 50 ppm. Additionally, the effect of size and concentration on the inhibition should be considered cautiously in case that the aggregation of particles occurred seriously so that the size of individual particles was increased in aquatic solution.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.207-212
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• 1994

Effects of dietary cellulose and protein levels on nutrient utilization in chickens were investigated. Four experimental diets containing 5% (low cellulose) or 20% (high cellulose) cellulose in combination with 10% (low protein) or 20% (high protein) protein of 70 g/day were alternatively forced-fed to eight colostomized White Leghorn cockerels once a day to make $4{\times}4$ Latin-square design. The digestibilities of DM and energy decreased with the increase in cellulose level, but not affected by dietary protein level. Ether extract digestibility was higher in the high cellulose diets than in the low cellulose protein level. Ether extract digestibility was higher in the high cellulose diets than in the low cellulose diets. The digestibility of nitrogen free extract had the same trend with the digestibility of DM and energy. The digestibility of acid detergent fiber was not so much different among the diets, but the NDF digestibility was lower in the high cellulose diets than in the low cellulose diets, due to the low hemicellulose digestibility. The true digestibility of protein was influenced by both of the dietary protein and cellulose levels, and their interaction was found. The dietary protein level affected the biological value of protein but the dietary cellulose level did not, and consequently the biological value of protein in the low protein diets was lower than in the high protein diets.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.347-353
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• 2007

Fleshing scrap is a kind of wastes produced during leather making process and used in the test of manufacturing biodiesel. The early step of manufacturing biodiesel is fat recovery from fleshing scrap. Hence, we investigated the influence of the way of fat recovery on the fatty acid composition. We used three different recovery ways, that is chemical method by protein decomposition with acid/fat recovering, physical method by protein denaturalization with heat and vacuum/fat pressing, and biodiesel method by protein decomposition/fat recovering. The biological method yielded the best results in terms of appearance transparency. It was most effective to lower acid value. Also the recovered fat by biological method would be favorable methyl-ester reaction raw material for biodiesel because it contains more than 5% of oleic acid among unsaturated fatty acid.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.110-113
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• 2006

Prolyl endopeptidase (PEP, EC 3.4.21.26, also referred to as prolyl oligopeptidase) degrades proline containing, biologically active neuropeptides such as vasopressin, substance P and thyrotropin-releasing hormone by cleaving peptide bonds on carboxyl side of prolyl residue within neuropeptides of less than 30 amino acids. Evaluation of PEP levels in postmortem brains of Alzheimer's disease patients revealed significant increases in PEP activity. Therefore, a specific PEP inhibitor can be a good candidate of drug against memory loss. Upon our examination for PEP inhibitory activity from micronutrients, ascorbic acid (vitamin C) showed small but significant PEP inhibition (13% PEP inhibition at $8{\mu}g{\cdot}ml^{-1}$). Palmitic acid showed almost no PEP inhibition. However, 6-O-palmitoyl ascorbic acid ($\underline{1}$) showed 70% PEP inhibition at $8{\mu}g{\cdot}ml^{-1}$ indicating that hydrophobic portion of the compound $\underline{1}$ may facilitate the inhibitory effect. $IC_{50}$ value of compound $\underline{1}$ was $12.6{\pm}0.2{\mu}M$. The primary and secondary Lineweaver Burk and Dixon plots for compound $\underline{1}$ indicated that it is a non-competitive inhibitor with inhibition constant (Ki) value of $23.7{\mu}M$.