• 제목/요약/키워드: Biological information

검색결과 2,603건 처리시간 0.037초

Comprehensive RNA-sequencing analysis of colorectal cancer in a Korean cohort

  • Jaeim Lee;Jong-Hwan Kim;Hoang Bao Khanh Chu;Seong-Taek Oh;Sung-Bum Kang;Sejoon Lee;Duck-Woo Kim;Heung-Kwon Oh;Ji-Hwan Park;Jisu Kim;Jisun Kang;Jin-Young Lee;Sheehyun Cho;Hyeran Shim;Hong Seok Lee;Seon-Young Kim;Young-Joon Kim;Jin Ok Yang;Kil-yong Lee
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • 제47권3호
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    • pp.100033.1-100033.13
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    • 2024
  • Considering the recent increase in the number of colorectal cancer (CRC) cases in South Korea, we aimed to clarify the molecular characteristics of CRC unique to the Korean population. To gain insights into the complexities of CRC and promote the exchange of critical data, RNA-sequencing analysis was performed to reveal the molecular mechanisms that drive the development and progression of CRC; this analysis is critical for developing effective treatment strategies. We performed RNA-sequencing analysis of CRC and adjacent normal tissue samples from 214 Korean participants (comprising a total of 381 including 169 normal and 212 tumor samples) to investigate differential gene expression between the groups. We identified 19,575 genes expressed in CRC and normal tissues, with 3,830 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the groups. Functional annotation analysis revealed that the upregulated DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways related to the cell cycle, DNA replication, and IL-17, whereas the downregulated DEGs were enriched in metabolic pathways. We also analyzed the relationship between clinical information and subtypes using the Consensus Molecular Subtype (CMS) classification. Furthermore, we compared groups clustered within our dataset to CMS groups and performed additional analysis of the methylation data between DEGs and CMS groups to provide comprehensive biological insights from various perspectives. Our study provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying CRC in Korean patients and serves as a platform for identifying potential target genes for this disease. The raw data and processed results have been deposited in a public repository for further analysis and exploration.

Integration and Reanalysis of Four RNA-Seq Datasets Including BALF, Nasopharyngeal Swabs, Lung Biopsy, and Mouse Models Reveals Common Immune Features of COVID-19

  • Rudi Alberts;Sze Chun Chan;Qian-Fang Meng;Shan He;Lang Rao;Xindong Liu;Yongliang Zhang
    • IMMUNE NETWORK
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    • 제22권3호
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    • pp.22.1-22.25
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    • 2022
  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread over the world causing a pandemic which is still ongoing since its emergence in late 2019. A great amount of effort has been devoted to understanding the pathogenesis of COVID-19 with the hope of developing better therapeutic strategies. Transcriptome analysis using technologies such as RNA sequencing became a commonly used approach in study of host immune responses to SARS-CoV-2. Although substantial amount of information can be gathered from transcriptome analysis, different analysis tools used in these studies may lead to conclusions that differ dramatically from each other. Here, we re-analyzed four RNA-sequencing datasets of COVID-19 samples including human bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, nasopharyngeal swabs, lung biopsy and hACE2 transgenic mice using the same standardized method. The results showed that common features of COVID-19 include upregulation of chemokines including CCL2, CXCL1, and CXCL10, inflammatory cytokine IL-1β and alarmin S100A8/S100A9, which are associated with dysregulated innate immunity marked by abundant neutrophil and mast cell accumulation. Downregulation of chemokine receptor genes that are associated with impaired adaptive immunity such as lymphopenia is another common feather of COVID-19 observed. In addition, a few interferon-stimulated genes but no type I IFN genes were identified to be enriched in COVID-19 samples compared to their respective control in these datasets. These features are in line with results from single-cell RNA sequencing studies in the field. Therefore, our re-analysis of the RNA-seq datasets revealed common features of dysregulated immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 and shed light to the pathogenesis of COVID-19.

The Progression of SARS Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2): Mutation in the Receptor Binding Domain of Spike Gene

  • Sinae Kim;Jong Ho Lee;Siyoung Lee;Saerok Shim;Tam T. Nguyen;Jihyeong Hwang;Heijun Kim;Yeo-Ok Choi;Jaewoo Hong;Suyoung Bae;Hyunjhung Jhun;Hokee Yum;Youngmin Lee;Edward D. Chan;Liping Yu;Tania Azam;Yong-Dae Kim;Su Cheong Yeom;Kwang Ha Yoo;Lin-Woo Kang;Kyeong-Cheol Shin;Soohyun Kim
    • IMMUNE NETWORK
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    • 제20권5호
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    • pp.41.1-41.11
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    • 2020
  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA) that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The viral genome encodes twelve genes for viral replication and infection. The third open reading frame is the spike (S) gene that encodes for the spike glycoprotein interacting with specific cell surface receptor - angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) - on the host cell membrane. Most recent studies identified a single point mutation in S gene. A single point mutation in S gene leading to an amino acid substitution at codon 614 from an aspartic acid 614 into glycine (D614G) resulted in greater infectivity compared to the wild type SARS-CoV2. We were interested in investigating the mutation region of S gene of SARS-CoV2 from Korean COVID-19 patients. New mutation sites were found in the critical receptor binding domain (RBD) of S gene, which is adjacent to the aforementioned D614G mutation residue. This specific sequence data demonstrated the active progression of SARS-CoV2 by mutations in the RBD of S gene. The sequence information of new mutations is critical to the development of recombinant SARS-CoV2 spike antigens, which may be required to improve and advance the strategy against a wide range of possible SARS-CoV2 mutations.

Y존 케어 하이드로젤솔루션의 제조 및 생물학적 특성 평가 (Evaluation of Manufacturing and Biological Properties of Y Zone Care Hydrogel Solution)

  • 김은지;김인경
    • 미래기술융합논문지
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    • 제3권2호
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    • pp.25-31
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    • 2024
  • 최근 정보통신 기술로 인해 산업화되고 발달됨에 있어, 현대사회의 현대 여성들은 수많은 스트레스로 육체적, 정신적 건강에 노출되어 있다. 대중적으로 발생하는 염증들은 유산균이 감소되거나 잦은 항생제 복용 및 면역력 저하의 원인이 대표적이다. 도움이 되며 반영되는 제품 개발이 필요하다. 현재 시중에 소개되고 있는 이너케어젤은 유익균을 증가시키고 건강한 y존을 유지할수 있다. 이너 젤 속에는 하이드로젤 성분이 함유되어있다. 90%가 물로 이루어져 있고 그 외에 성분은 물을 지지하는 지지체로서의 역할을 수행하며, 고분자 사슬간의 가교결합을 통해 형성된다. HEC(hydroxyethyl cellulose)는 셀룰로오스의 하이드록시에칠에 텔이다. 사용목적은 결합제, 유화안정제, 점도증가제(수성), 피막형성제 역할을 한다. CA (crosslinker)는 가교제이며, 결합시켜주는 역할을 한다. 미용분야의 하이드로젤은 얇은 피막형성으로 피부를 부드럽게 감싸주는 피막형성제 역할을 하고, 다른 원료들이 분리되지 않도록 도움을 주는 유화안정제 역할을 한다. 또한, 화장품에 점성을 높여 점도를 개선시키는 점증제 역할을 한다. 또한, 바이오 분야에서는 포도당 감시, 간호관리, 세포이식 및 상처 치료에도 사용되어지고 있다. 현재로서는 기능성 하이드로젤을 이용한 제품은 나오지 않은 것으로 파악되어 있어 본 연구에서는 기능성 하이드로젤 항균성을 알아보기 위해 Y존 케어 하이드로젤 솔루션 제조를 수행하였으며 새로운 솔루션 개발을 목적으로 한다. 결과적으로 Y존에 적절한 Ph를 맞추었음을 확인하였고, PDB배지에 칸디다 알비칸균 배양 후 Y존 케어 하이드로젤솔루션 세가지 제품 모두 0.5~1.0mm의 항균력 효과를 보았다.

G20 정상회의 시 주(主)행사장에서의 VIP 안전대책 방안에 관한 연구 (A Study Security Measures for Protection of VIP in the G20 Summit)

  • 이선기;이충수
    • 시큐리티연구
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    • 제24호
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    • pp.91-123
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    • 2010
  • G20 정상회의 시 발생 가능한 위협요인으로 요인테러, 인질테러, 폭탄테러, 다중이용시설 테러, 항공기테러 등 이 예상된다. 한국에서 예상되는 위협집단으로는 북한, 이슬람 과격집단 및 국제회의를 반대하는 NGO 조직 등의 단체가 위해를 일으킬 가능성이 있다고 본다. 이에 본 연구는 G20 정상회의가 주로 진행되는 장소인 주행사장과 숙소에서의 VIP 안전대책이 매우 중요하다고 판단하여 이에 대한 방안을 제시하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내 최초로 경호원리 중 세계 각국에서 공통적으로 '3선경호원리'를 채택하고 있으므로 이 원리에 입각하여 1선(안전구역) 2선(경비구역) 3선(경계구역)별로 대응방안을 도출하고 VIP 안전대책을 위하여 정책적으로 반영하여야 할 의견도 함께 제시하였다. 결론적으로 G20 정상회의에 대비하여 주(主) 행사장에서의 VIP 안전대책을 위한 방안으로 1선(안전구역)에서는 첫째, 직가시 승하차지점에 대한 차단대책 강구해야 한다. 둘째, 노출지역에서는 과감하게 근접도보대형을 강화해야 한다. 2선(경비구역)에서는 첫째, 주 행사장의 특수성을 고려하여 출입통제대책을 강구해야 한다. 둘째, 행사비표 내에 RFID 기능이 포함된 효율적인 비표운용계획을 도입해야 한다. 3선(경계구역)에서는 첫째, 각종 요인테러대비, 정 첩보 수집 및 해외 정보기관과의 공조 하에 대테러 정보수집체계를 강화해야 한다. 둘째, 경호 행사인력에 대한 유사시 비상대책훈련을 실시해야 한다. 셋째, VIP 제대의 일정한 속도를 유지하기 위하여 효율적인 교통통제시스템을 운용해야 한다. 마지막으로 VIP 안전대책을 위해 정책적으로 반영하여야 할 점은 첫째, VIP 숙소의 효율적인 분산배치 및 통제가 이루어져야 한다. 둘째, 다양한 기만작전을 활용하여 불순분자가 오판하여 공격이 실패하도록 하여야 한다. 셋째, 북한 대남공작 기구의 개편에 따라 금번 G20 정상회의부터는 강력한 '군사지원대책'을 추진해야 한다. 이를 위해 국방부 주관 하에 전 후방 군사대비태세를 보다 강화하고, 화생방테러에 대비하여 탐지 및 제독에도 적극 적으로 대응할 것을 제안하고자 한다.

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XRD와 FT-IR을 이용한 백제시대 옛사람 뼈의 화장(火葬) 온도 추정 - 서울 석촌동 고분군 1호 매장의례부 출토 옛사람 뼈를 중심으로 - (Estimation of cremation temperature on Baekje human bones from Seoul Seokchon-dong Ancient Tomb No.1 using XRD and FT-IR analysis)

  • 유지아;박세린;신지영
    • 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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    • 제54권3호
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    • pp.228-241
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    • 2021
  • 화장(火葬) 뼈를 연구하는 것은 당시의 화장 의례와 장례 문화를 확인할 수 있다는 점에서 매우 중요하다. 지금까지 국내에서는 화장 뼈에 대한 연구가 주로 고고학적 맥락을 확인하는 연구를 중심으로 진행되어 왔으며, 최근에는 피장자의 생물학적 정보와 화장 온도 추정 등을 위한 체질인류학적 연구 역시 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 서울 석촌동 고분군에서 출토된 화장 뼈에 분광학적 분석 방법을 적용하여 피장자들이 화장되었는지 여부와 화장 온도에 대한 과학적 근거를 제시하였다. 한성백제박물관이 발굴조사를 실시한 서울 석촌동 고분군에서는 대규모 연접식 적석총이 발견되었고, 이 중 매장의례부에서 백제시대 옛사람 뼈가 출토되었다. 화장 뼈가 발견된 유구 내에서 불의 흔적은 없었고 외부에서 화장 후 유물과 함께 퇴적된 것으로 추정된다. 본 연구에서는 이 중 뼈의 표면 색상에 따라 4점을 선별하여 X-선 회절 분석(XRD)과 적외선 분광 분석(FT-IR)을 수행하였다. 분석 결과 석촌동 화장 뼈 4점은 모두 화장되었다는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, XRD를 이용한 결정화지수를 통해 700℃ 이상의 온도에서 화장된 것으로 확인되었다. FT-IR 분석 결과 역시 석촌동 화장 뼈 4점 모두 700℃ 이상 1,000℃ 이하의 온도에서 화장된 것으로 확인되었는데, 이는 700℃에서 생성되는 적외선 흡수 피크가 관찰되었고 뼈가 1,000℃ 이상을 경험하였을 때 생성되는 변화가 발견되지 않았기 때문이다. 당시에 이렇게 고온으로 화장하는 것은 큰 노력이 필요했기 때문에 석촌동 고분군 피장자 집단이 백제시대에 매우 중요한 위치였을 것이라 추정할 수 있다. 본 연구는 국내 유적에는 처음으로 XRD와 FT-IR 분석을 적용하여 화장 여부와 화장 온도에 대한 근거를 제시하였다는 점에서 큰 의미가 있으며, 당시 화장 의례 등 장례 문화 복원에도 핵심적인 증거가 될 것이라 기대된다.

동시베리아 얼음쐐기 시료의 해동방법이 시료의 화학적 특성분석에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Thawing Conditions in Sample Treatment on the Chemical Properties of East Siberian Ice Wedges)

  • 고수본;안진호;;이기현
    • 자원환경지질
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    • 제55권6호
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    • pp.727-736
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    • 2022
  • 얼음쐐기는 영구동토 지역의 토양층에서 관찰되는 얼음체로, 형성 당시의 강수 및 토양이 유입되어 형성되며, 높은 농도의 용질 및 고체함량을 가진다. 이러한 얼음쐐기는 그 형성 및 분포적 특성으로 인해 최근 고기후 및 고환경 복원을 위한 연구에 활용될 수 있는 가능성이 제시되고, 이에 대한 연구가 제한적으로 시작되고 있다. 하지만 얼음쐐기에 포함된 용질 및 고체 혹은 광물입자들을 고기후 및 고환경 복원 프록시로 사용하기 위해서는 이들의 물리화학적 특성 보존이 필수적이다. 만약 얼음쐐기 시료의 해동과정에 의한 물리화학적 특성 변화가 야기된다면, 이를 활용한 고기후 및 고환경 해석에 오류를 야기할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 동시베리아 쑤야(Cyuie) 지역에서 채취된 얼음쐐기를 이용하여 해동조건이 얼음쐐기 내 용질 및 고체상에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 쑤야(Cyuie) 지역의 얼음쐐기 시료에 대해 해동온도와 산소유무를 고려하여 네 가지 해동조건(4℃-유산소, 4℃-무산소, 23℃-유산소 혹은 23℃-무산소)에서 회수된 용액 및 고체시료의 특성을 분석하였다. 온도와 산소의 영향이 가장 제한적일 것으로 예상되는 4℃-무산소 조건에서 측정된 결과를 기준으로 비교한 결과, 얼음쐐기 내 고체입자들에 대한 해동조건의 영향은 미미하였다. 반면, 용액의 화학적 특성(pH, 전기전도도, 알칼리도와 주양이온 및 미량원소의 농도)은 기준조건에 비해 4℃-유산소 조건에서 일관성 있게 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 본 연구결과, 얼음쐐기 시료의 해동조건에 따라 시료의 화학적 특성에 변화를 야기할 수 있으며, 이는 시료처리 방법 및 절차가 얼음쐐기를 이용한 고기후 및 고환경 복원 결과에 중요한 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 시사한다.

UCC(user-created-contents) 웹 사이트에서 사용자의 인성이 감정적, 인지적 평가와 UCC 활용에 미치는 영향 (The Effect of Users' Personality on Emotional and Cognitive Evaluation in UCC Web Site Usage)

  • 문윤지;강소라;김우곤
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제20권3호
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    • pp.167-190
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    • 2010
  • The research conducted here focuses on the effect of factors that affect the behavior of UCC (User Created Content) website users, other than user's rational recognition of how useful a UCC website can be. Most discussions in the existing literature on information systems have focused on users' evaluation how a UCC website can help to attain the users' own goals. However, there are other factors and this research pays attention to an individual's 'personality,' which is stable and biological in nature. Specifically, I have noted here that 'extroversion' and 'neuroticism,' the two common personality factors presented in Eysenck's most representative 'EPQ Model' and 'Big Five Model,' are the two personality factors that affect a site's 'usefulness,' by this I mean how useful does the user consider the website and its content. How useful a site is considered by the user is the other factor that has been regarded as the antecedent factor that influences the adoption of information systems in the existing MIS (Management Information System) research. Secondly, as using or creating a UCC website does not guarantee the user's or the creator's extrinsic motivation, unlike when using the information system within an organization, there is a greater likelihood that the increase in user's activities in relation to a UCC website is motivated by emotional factors rather than rational factors. Thus, I have decided to include the relationship between an individual's personality and what they find pleasurable in the research model. Thirdly, when based on the S-O-R Paradigm of Mehrabian and Russell, the two cognitive factors and emotional factors are finally affected by stimulus, and thus these factors ultimately have an effect on an individual's respondent behavior. Therefore, this research has presented an assumption that the recognition of how useful the site and content is and what emotional pleasure it provides will finally affect the behavior of the UCC website users. Finally, the relationship between the recognition of how useful a site is and how pleasurable it is to useand UCC usage may differ depending on certain situational conditions. In other words, the relationship between the three factors may vary according to how much users are involved in the creation of the website content. Creation thus emerges as the keyword of UCC. I analyzed the above relationships through the moderating variable of the user's involvement in the creation of the site. The research result shows the following: When it comes to the relationship between an individual's personality and what they find pleasurable it is extroverted users who have a greater likelihood to feel pleasure when using a UCC website, as was expected in this research. This in turn leads to a more active usage of the UCC web site because a person who is an extrovert likes to spend time on activities with other people, is sensitive to new experiences and stimuli and thus actively responds to these. An extroverted person accepts new UCC activities as part of his/her social life, rather than getting away from this new UCC environment. This is represented by the term 'Foxonomy' where the users meet a variety of users from all over the world and contact new types of content created by these users. However, neuroticism creates the opposite situation to that created by extroversion. The representative symptoms of neuroticism are instability, stress, and tension. These dispositions are more closely related to stress caused by a new environment rather than this creatingcuriosity or pleasure. Thus, neurotic persons have an uneasy feeling and will eventually avoid the situation where their own or others' daily lives are frequently exposed to the open web environment, this eventually makes them have a negative attitude towards the web environment. When it comes to an individual's personality and how useful site is, the two personality factors of extroversion and neuroticism both have a positive relationship with the recognition of how useful the site and its content is. The positive, curious, and social dispositions of extroverted persons tend to make them consider the future usefulness and possibilities of a new type of information system, or website, based on their positive attitude, which has a significant influence on the recognition of how useful these UCC sites are. Neuroticism also favorably affects how useful a UCC website can be through a different mechanism from that of extroversion. As the neurotic persons tend to feel uneasy and have much doubt about a new type of information system, they actively explore its usefulness in order to relieve their uncomfortable feelings. In other words, neurotic persons seek out how useful a site can be in order to secure their own stable feelings. Meanwhile, extroverted persons explore how useful a site can be because of their positive attitude and curiosity. As a lot of MIS research has revealed that the recognition of how useful a site can be and how pleasurable it can be to use have been proven to have a significant effect on UCC activity. However, the relationship between these factors reveals different aspects based on the user's involvement in creation. This factor of creationgauges the interest of users in the creation of UCC contents. Involvement is a variable that shows the level of an individual's mental effort in creating UCC contents. When a user is highly involved in the creation process and makes an enormous effort to create UCC content (classed a part of a high-involvement group), their own pleasure and recognition of how useful the site is have a significantly higher effect on the future usage of the UCC contents, more significantly than the users who sit back and just retrieve the UCC content created by others. The cognitive and emotional response of those in the low-involvement group is unlikely to last long,even if they recognize the contents of a UCC website is pleasurable and useful to them. However, the high-involvement group tends to participate in the creation and the usage of UCC more favorably, connecting the experience with their own goals. In this respect, this research presents an answer to the question; why so many people are participating in the usage of UCC, the representative form of the Web 2.0 that has drastically involved more and more people in the creation of UCC, even if they cannot gain any monetary or social compensation. Neither information system nor a website can succeed unless it secures a certain level of user base. Moreover, it cannot be further developed when the reasons, or problems, for people's participation are not suitably explored, even if it has a certain user base. Thus, what is significant in this research is that it has studied users' respondent behavior based on an individual's innate personality, emotion, and cognitive interaction, unlike the existing research that has focused on 'compensation' to explain users' participation with the UCC website. There are also limitations in this research. Firstly, I divided an individual's personality into extroversion and neuroticism; however, there are many other personal factors such as neuro-psychiatricism, which also needs to be analyzed for its influence on UCC activities. Secondly, as a UCC website comes in many types such as multimedia, Wikis, and podcasting, these types need to be included as a sub-category of the UCC websites and their relationship with personality, emotion, cognition, and behavior also needs to be analyzed.

수술을 시행한 비소세포 폐암 환자에서 EGFR, MMP-9 및 C-erbB-2의 발현과 환자 생존율과의 관계 (The Relationship between Expression of EGFR, MMP-9, and C-erbB-2 and Survival Time in Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer)

  • 이승헌;정진용;이경주;이승현;김세중;하은실;김정하;이은주;허규영;정기환;정혜철;이승룡;이상엽;김제형;신철;심재정;인광호;강경호;유세화;김철환
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제59권3호
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    • pp.286-297
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    • 2005
  • 서 론 : 비소세포 폐암은 악성 종양 관련 사망의 중요한 원인 질환으로, 주요 병태생리 기전에 관여하는 EGFR, MMP-9 및 C-erbB-2의 발현 양상을 관찰 하는 것이 환자의 예후와 향후 치료 방향을 결정하는데 도움이 될 수 있다. 방 법 : 1995년 부터 2001년 까지 고려 대학교 의료원에 내원 후 원발성 비소세포 폐암 확진 후 외과절제술을 받은 81명 환자의 조직에 EGFR, MMP-9 및 C-erbB-2 면역 조직 화학 염색 및 정량화 후, 환자들의 특성 및 생존 기간과 함께, 조직 및 수술 병기에 따른 생물학적 표지자의 발현 양상을 후향적 고찰 하였다. 결 과 : 각 종양 조직 부위의 20%이상 염색되는 Grade 2 이상의 염색 양성률은, 편평상피세포암과 선암에서 EGFR은 75.0%와 63.4%, MMP-9은 43.3%와 43.9%, C-erbB-2는 23.3%와 22.0%를 보였다. 수술 병기가 I, II, IIIa 일때 EGFR 염색 양성률은 각각 75.0%, 66.7%, 76.9%, MMP-9은 41.7%, 47.6%, 46.2%, 그리고 C-erbB-2는 19.4%, 40.0%, 30.8%를 보였다. EGFR 양성군은 중앙 생존기간이 33.5개월로 EGFR 음성군의 71.8개월보다 유의한 불량한 예후를 나타냈다.(p<0.05). 그리고 MMP-9 양성군은 중앙 생존기간 35개월로 MMP-9 음성군의 65.3개월보다 불량한 생존 곡선의 양상을 보였으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 또한 C-erbB-2 양성군은 중앙 생존기간이 44.2개월, C-erbB-2 음성군은 58.4개월을 나타냈으나 통계적 유의한 차이는 없었다. EGFR과 MMP-9 동시 양성군은 전체 환자의 34.2%로서 중앙 생존기간이 26.9개월로 EGFR과 MMP-9 동시 음성군의 77.0개월보다 유의한 불량한 예후를 나타냈다(p<0.05) 결 론 : 비소세포 폐암 에서 EGFR의 양성군에서 음성군 보다 환자의 생존기간이 불량하였고, EGFR과 MMP-9의 동시 양성군에서 동시 음성군보다 생존기간이 불량하였다. C-erbB-2는 다른 생물학적 표지자에 비해서 낮은 염색 양성률을 나타냈으며 특이한 상관관계는 보이지 않았다.

축전지 제조업에서 입사 1년 미만 남자 사원들의 연 노출 지표치에 관한 연구 (A study on lead exposure indices of male workers exposed to lead less than 1 year in storage battery industries)

  • 황보영;김용배;리갑수;이성수;안규동;이병국;김정순
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제29권4호
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    • pp.747-764
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    • 1996
  • This study intended to obtain an useful information for health management of lead exposed workers and determine biological monitoring interval in early period of exposure by measuring the lead exposure indices and work duration in all male workers (n=433 persons) exposed less than 1 year in 6 storage battery industries and in 49 males who are not exposed to lead as control. The examined variables were blood lead concentration (PBB), Zinc-protoporphyrin concentration (ZPP), Hemoglobin (HB) and personal history; also measured lead concentration in air (PBA) in the workplace. According to the geometric mean of lead concentration in the air, the factories were grouped into three categories: A; When it is below $0.05mg/m^3$, B; When it is between 0.05 and $0.10mg/m^3$, and C; When it is above $0.10mg/m^3$. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The means of blood lead concentration (PBB), ZPP concentration and hemoglobin(HB) in all male workers exposed to lead less than 1 year in storage battery industries were $29.5{\pm}12.4{\mu}g/100ml,\;52.9{\pm}30.0{\mu}g/100ml\;and\;15.2{\pm}1.1\;gm/100ml$. 2. The means of blood lead concentration (PBB), ZPP concentration and hemoglobin(HB) in control group were $5.8{\pm}1.6{\mu}g/100ml,\;30.8{\pm}12.7{\mu}g/100ml\;and\;15.7{\pm}1.6{\mu}g/100ml$, being much lower than that of study group exposed to lead. 3. The means of blood lead concentration and ZPP concentration among group A were $21.9{\pm}7.6{\mu}g/100,\;41.4{\pm}12.6{\mu}g/100ml$ ; those of group B were $29.8{\pm}11.6{\mu}g/100,\;52.6{\pm}27.9{\mu}g/100ml$ ; those of group C were $37.2{\pm}13.5{\mu}g/100,\;66.3{\pm}40.7{\mu}g/100ml$. Significant differences were found among three factory group(P<0.01) that was classified by the geometric mean of lead concentration in the air, group A being the lowest. 4. The mean of blood lead concentration of workers who have different work duration (month) was as follows ; When the work duration was $1\sim2$ month, it was $24.1{\pm}12.4{\mu}g/100ml$, ; When the work duration was $3\sim4$ month, it was $29.2{\pm}13.4{\mu}g/100ml$ ; and it was $28.9\sim34.5{\mu}g/100ml$ for the workers who had longer work duration than other. Significant differences were found among work duration group(P<0.05). 5. The mean of ZPP concentration of workers who have different work duration (month) was as follows ; When the work duration was $1\sim2$ month, it was $40.6{\pm}18.0{\mu}g/100ml$, ; When the work duration was $3\sim4$ month, it was $53.4{\pm}38.4{\mu}g/100ml$ ; and it was $51.5\sim60.4{\mu}g/100ml$ for the workers who had longer work duration than other. Significant differences were found among work duration group(P<0.05). 6. Among total workers(433 person), 18.2% had PBB concentration higher than $40{\mu}g/100ml$ and 7.1% had ZPP concentration higher than $100{\mu}g/100ml$ ; In workers of factory group A, those were 0.9% and 0.0% ; In workers of factory group B, those were 17.1% and 6.9% ; In workers of factory group C, those were 39.4% and 15.4%. 7. The proportions of total workers(433 person) with blood lead concentration lower than $25{\mu}g/100ml$ and ZPP concentration lower than $50{\mu}g/100ml$ were 39.7% and 61.9%, respectively ; In workers of factory group A, those were 65.5% and 82.3% : In workers of factory group B, those were 36.1% and 60.2% ; In workers of factory group C, those were 19.2% and 43.3%. 8. Blood lead concentration (r=0.177, P<0.01), ZPP concentration (r=0.135, P<0.01), log ZPP (r=0.170, P<0.01) and hemoglobin (r=0.096, P<0.05) showed statistically significant correlation with work duration (month). ZPP concentration (r=0.612, P<0.01) and log ZPP (r=0.614, P<0.01) showed statistically significant correlation with blood lead concentration 9. The slopes of simple linear regression between work duration(month, independent variable) and blood lead concentration (dependent variable) in workplace with low air concentration of lead was less steeper than that of poor working condition with high geometric mean air concentration of lead. The study result indicates that new employees should be provided with biological monitoring including blood lead concentration test and education about personal hygiene and work place management within $3\sim4$ month.

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