• 환경생물
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2001

본 연구는 1999년 9월부터 2000련 8월까지 1년간 강원도 평창군 소재 평창강 일대의 15개 조사지점을 대상으로 계절별로 저서성 대형무척추동물을 채집, 분류, 동정하고 현지 수질을 생태학적으로 평가한 것이다. 총 4문 4강 10목 31과 77속 109종이 채집되었으며, 조사지점 중 진부면 간평리에서 53종(48.0%)이 채집되어 가장 많은 종들이 출현하였고 마하리와 창동리에서도 각각 51종(46.7%), 50종(45.8%)이 채집되었다. 그러나 수하리 스키장 하부에서는 13종(11.9%)이 채집되어 전 조사지점 중 가장 적은 종들이 출현되었다. 한편 조사지점 전역에 걸쳐 하루살이류가 가장 풍부하게 서식하고 있었으며, 우점종에 있어서는 하루살이류(ephemeropterans)와 날도래류(trichopterans)가 대부분을 차지하고 있었다. 종다양도 지수치(H')는 개수리 지역이 3.67로 가장 높고, 방림리가 1.38으로 가장 낮았다. TBI 지수치는 대다수 지점이 9 이상으로서 청정 지역으로 간주되나 수하리에서는 4-5로 낮은 수치를 나타내었다. BMWP 지수치에서는 대부분 지점이 7.0 이상이나 수하리 지역은 3.5-5.2로 역시 가장 낮은 수치를 나타내었다. BI 지수에서도 수하리 지역을 제외하고 모두 1.5 이하의 낮은 수치로 청정한 수역으로 판정되었다.

• 환경생물
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.440-447
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 남한강 상류수계의 10개 지점에서 생물보전지수 (Index of Biological Integrity, IBI) 및 물리적 서식지 평가 지수 (Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index, QHEI)를 이용하여 생태건강도 특성을 평가하였다. 생물보전지수 조사는 Karr (1981)가 제시한 12개 항목 중 11개 메트릭에 대하여 평가하였다. 생물보전지수 등급은 "양호상태"였고, 지점별 IBI 값의 범위는 33 (악화상태)~47 (양호상태)로 나타났다. 물리적 서식지측면에서는 Plafkin et al. (1989)에 의해 도입된 서식지 평가 지수(QHEI)의 12항목 중 9개 항목에 대해 평가를 실시했으며, QHEI 값의 범위는 75~109로 나타났으며, 전체 서식지 건강도 평균치는 부분 지지상태(Partially supporting)로 나타났다. 연구지점내의 하천 비교평가에 따르면, Gj 하천의 IBI 모델 값 및 QHEI 모델 값은 타 하천들 (Ig, Dn 하천)에 비해 양호한 상태로 평가되었다. 어류의 영양단계 종 성분분석에 따르면, 식충종, 잡식종 및 육식종은 61.9%, 19.0% 및 9.5%를 차지하는 것으로 나타났다. 어류의 내성도 길드분석에 따르면, 민감종 (76.1%)은 내성종 (4.7%)보다 우점하여 생태계가 건전한 것으로 평가되었다. 서식지 길드 분석에 따르면, 여울성 저서종(57.1%)은 수층종(28.5%)보다 우점하는 것으로 나타났다. 연구기간 동안, 외래종 및 질병에 걸리거나 비정상적인 증상을 나타내는 개체는 관측되지 않았다. 전체적으로 생태건강도 모델값(IBI) 및 서식지평가지수 모델값의 분석에 따르면 본 상류 하천지역은 생태학적으로 양호한 상태로 잘 유지되는 것으로 평가되었다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.103-112
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• 1998

일본에서는 자연친화형 하천사업을 많이 시행하고 있다. 바람직한 수환경을 보전하고 복원하기 위해서는 하천내외의 생태계에 대한 수질기준을 정립하여야 한다. 본 논문에서는 생물학적 지표를 사용한 수질 분류 방법을 개발하여 나가사키현의 혼묘하천에 대하여 적용하였다. 이러한 수질 분류를 위하여, 수정된 오염물 지표 분류법을 제안하였다. 비교적 단순한 방법이지만, 가장 많은 종에 대한 3가지 지표만으로 수질을 효과적으로 평가할 수 있었다. 또한, 하천유역의 통합관리를 위하여 다양한 생태계 자료를 포함하는 종합적인 자료관리시스템을 개발하였다. 본 시스템을 사용하여 건전한 수환경을 보전하기 위한 각종 생태계 자료를 쉽게 취득할 수 있다. 본 연구의 결과를 사용하여 수질자료를 개선하고, 시민들의 의식을 고양하며, 하천관리계획을 세울 수 있을 것이다. 일본에서는, 자연친화적 하천복원사업에 있어서 시민들의 의식 및 행동이 가장 중요한 요소이다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.527-536
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• 2007

In this study, we applied 10-metric health assessment model, based on the Index of Biological Integrity (IBI) during 2006 in the Changwon Stream, which is located in the Changwon city, Gyeongnam province, S. Korea, and then compared with water quality data. The Index of Biological Integrity (IBI) in the Changwon Stream varied from 18 to 38 in the watershed depending on the sampling location and averaged 30.3 (n=6) during the study. Analysis of tolerance guilds showed that the proportion of sensitive species was 13%, but tolerant and intermediate species were 34% and 53%, respectively. Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index (QHEI) averaged 43.3 (range: 65-104, n=6) indicating non-supporting condition, based on the criteria of U.S. EPA (1993). Values of QHEI showed a typical longitudinal decreases from the headwater reach to the downstream location, except for Site 1 with a low QHEI value by artificial habitat by concrete construction. Minimum QHEI was found in Site 4 where fish diversity was minimal. Conductivity increased continuously along the gradients and especially showed abrupt increases in the downstream sites along with turbidity. Stream ecosystem health of IBI matched to the values of QHEI except for S6. Low IBI values in the sites 4 and 5 was considered to be a result of combined effects of chemical pollutions and habitat degradations. Our results support the hypotheses of Plafkin et ai. (1989) that physical habitat quality directly influences the trophic structure and species richness, and is closely associated with IBI values.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.339-348
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• 2007

In this work, we compared the characteristics of three benthic biotic indices (BPI, AMBI, BIBI) which indicates the health condition of benthic communities in Masan Bay, Korea where anthropogenic impacts have been concentrated. Also we evaluated the usefulness of these benthic indices and some problems if they were applied to the Korean coastal waters. For this we used the macrozoobenthos data collected using van Veen grab ($0.1\;m^2$) at 21 sites in Masan Bay in February and August 2004. Based on the BPI values, two stations in the inner bay were found in a very hard polluted condition and three stations in the middle bay were also in a highly polluted condition. Only one station located in the bay mouth was in a normal condition. The inner bay stations showed very high AMBI values (${\geq}5.0$), indicating a highly polluted condition. The bay mouth station was assessed in a moderately polluted condition. The overall BIBI values in Masan Bay were in the range between 1.0 and 3.0. The inner bay stations showed low BIBI values (${\leq}2.0$) in the severely degraded condition. The bay mouth station with high BIBI value over 3.0 was assessed as a normal condition. All three benthos indices showed that macrozoobenthic communities in the inner bay were in a seriously polluted condition all year round, and macrobenthic faunas in the bay mouth seemed in a bad healthy condition (slightly polluted) based on AMBI during summer season. These three benthic biotic indices showed the similar assessment result, and thus we consider that each of them is a useful tool for the assessment of coastal benthic ecosystems under the organic enrichment in sediment.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.357-364
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• 2004

우리나라 논과 밭토양의 질의 현황에 대한 평가방법을 개발하고자 2000년부터 2003년까지 실시한 농업환경변동조사사업의 결과를 이용하여 세부지표 즉 토양의 주요특성의 선정, 선정된 각 지표의 점수화 또는 등급화와 정량화 방법과 각 세부지표를 종합하여 한개의 토양의 질 지표로 만드는 방법을 검토하였다 한편, 본 시안을 이용하여 전국수준에서 우리나라 논 밭 시설원예지 토양의 질 현황에 대한 평가를 시도한 결과 논토양은 매우 높음, 밭토양은 높음, 그리고 시설원예지 토양은 보통으로 나타났다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.261-268
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• 2023

The benthic macroinvertebrates index (BMI) was developed based on the 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅), which is the amount of biodegradable organic matter in stream water. However, benthic macroinvertebrates mainly live in the streambed substrate and are affected by the interaction of water quality and substrate. This study was conducted to examine the interactive relationship between water quality items (BOD₅, total phosphorus (TP), total suspended solids (TSS)) and substrate with BMI by performing statistical analyses (four-way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation analysis, partial correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis). The data used in the analyses were collected from 19,915 sampling units at 1,937 sites in South Korea from 2010 to 2020. The interaction effect between BOD₅ and substrate types was confirmed through a four-way analysis of variance. Partial correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis estimated the degree of influence on the change in BMI value in the order of mean grain size of the substrate as (𝜱_m) > BOD₅ > TP > TSS. BMI can be regarded as an index that evaluates the comprehensive effects of water quality and streambed status, although it is an index that was developed based on the amount of biodegradable organic matter in a water column.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.193-201
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of the immediate postoperative nutritional status and calorie adequacy on clinical outcomes in liver transplant recipients. Methods: A total number of 99 patients who received liver transplants were recruited from a tertiary university hospital. Demography, subjective global assessment, clinical outcomes and calorie adequacy were evaluated through personal interviews, electronic medical records and dietary records. Anthropometric measures, body mass index and percent of ideal body weight were also obtained. Results: At admission to the Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU), the triceps skinfold thickness and mid-arm muscle circumference were significantly lower in the malnourished group than in the well-nourished group (p<.05, respectively). In the clinical outcomes, transfusion of red blood cells, mechanically ventilated hours, length of stay in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), length of stay in the hospital, and prothrombin time were significantly higher in the malnourished group than in the well-nourished group (p<.05, respectively). The mechanically ventilated hour was significantly higher in the group with less than 50% of their required energy intake (p<.05). Conclusion: Therefore, it is important to assess the nutritional status of immediate postoperative patients. Furthermore, studies on nutritional interventions are urgently needed to provide adequate nutritional care for patients in ICUs.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.211-218
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• 2012

Objectives Body image distortion is found in eating disorder and obesity and there are some evidence that schizophrenia is associated with body image distortion. This study sought to find whether schizophrenic patients report more body image distortion than healthy individuals and whether it is related with symptomatology. Methods A total of 88 inpatients with schizophrenia and 88 healthy controls were recruited. Weight, height, and body image accuracy were assessed in all participants, and assessment of mood, psychotic symptom severity and self-esteem, and personal and social performance scale were conducted. Results The patients with schizophrenia had higher Body Mass Index (p < 0. 001) and underestimated their body size more than controls (26.14% vs. 5.13%, p < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that lower depressive symptoms and higher scores of general psychopathology predicted underestimation of body size. Conclusion Weight gain and metabolic syndrome are common adverse events of pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia. Thus, underestimation of body size among patients with schizophrenia may interfere with effort to lose weight or seek weight reduction programs. Clinicians need to consider possible unterestimation of underestimation of body size in patients whose general symptomatology is severe.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.39-50
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• 2006

In this study, the water quality investigated during 2002s to 2004s for Anyang river and its affluent that was based on biological and chemical methods as well as ecological index of each streams. The improving of water quality and the multiplicity of specious in the most streams except for Anyang, which was due to the improving of water quality and water resource. The seasonal dry states are completely disappeared, but water quality of Anyang main stream was classified as fifth grades water with BIP 8.51~10.00 and BOD 8.16~14.4mg/l in Anyang stream overall. And alpha-mesosaprobic in upper, mid parts and polysaprobic in down parts of Anyang main stream are appeared according to Saprobien system, respectively. The water supply of treated sewage is appeared that upgrading effects of water quality in Anyang main stream and affluents of Anyang city area, but the practical effects of "Saving Anyang River" could not gained because the water quality of other branches in upstream parts than upstream measuring point of Anyang main stream, Wanggok stream Sanbon stream in Gunpo and Eeiwang cities, was not improved.