• Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.28-35
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• 1999

The preservation of a healthy periodontal attachment is the most significant factor in the long-term prognosis of a restored tooth. The 'Biologic Width' is composed of the connective tissue attachment and the epithelial attachment in the dentogingival junction. The violation of the biologic width may result in a progressive inflammatory process and crestal bone loss. So a careful soft tissue management is needed to preserve it for the gingival health and an esthetic restoration. The following clinical cases show the five different situations of the violation of the biologic width and their management.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.27-41
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• 2019

For predictable posterior implants, appropriate soft tissue thickness, called the biologic width, is required around the implant for crestal bone stability. In order to do so, it seems that there are many cases where the implant should be positioned deeper than the depth that we previously thought was appropriate or inevitable limit. I would like to share my clinical experience about the vertical position of the posterior implant with the case reports and the related surgical technique.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.1386-1390
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• 2008

Artemisinin, the effective ingredient of Chinese herb Artemisia annua L (Qinghao in Chinese), has been proved to be effective to antimalarial. Herein, a reliable, sensitive and convenient electrochemical method was developed for the determination of artemisinin utilizing the excellent properties of multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWNT). The electrochemical behavior of artemisinin was investigated. It is found that the reduction peak current of artemisinin remarkably increases and the peak potential shifts positively by 240 mV at the MWNT film-modified electrode. These phenomena indicate that the MWNT film exhibits efficient catalytic activity to the electrochemical reduction of artemisinin. The effects of pH value, amount of MWNT, scan rate and accumulation time were examined. The limit of detection (S/N = 3) is as low as 10 $\mu$ g $L^{-1}$. Finally, this newly developed method was used to determine the content of artemisinin in Artemisia annua L.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.27-31
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• 2021

A hemiarthroplasty with biologic resurfacing of the glenoid is one procedure that can be performed in young patients where total shoulder arthroplasty may be difficult. The authors introduced two cases in which this procedure was performed. This approach is one treatment option for young glenoid humeral arthritis patients that addresses some of the shortcomings of an isolated hemiarthroplasty.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.978-982
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• 2011

In order to enhance the target action of chitosan-based drug, this paper firstly prepared phenylalanyl-glycylchitosan (Phe-Gly-CS) by grafting the key intermediate, bromoacetyl-phenylalanine (BA-Phe) onto chitosan. Then the target sugar molecule, lactobionic acid (LA), was grafted to Phe-Gly-CS and the topic compound lactobionic acid grafted phenylalanyl-glycyl-chitosan (Phe-Gly-CS-LA) was finally obtained in a yield of 78.8%. The product were characterized by FTIR, MS and 1H NMR. The preparing condition of BA-Phe was optimized as follows: the best pH was 10-11, the optimum temperature was $-4^{\circ}C$, the reaction time was 1.5 h.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.272-276
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• 2019

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory follicular occlusive disease that involves the intertriginous areas. Treatment methods include conventional topical and systemic medication, radiotherapy, biologic agents, and surgical excision. Of late, there has been an increased focus on the use of biologic agents in patients with moderate to severe HS. Here, we present the case of a 46-year-old man with Hurley stage III HS for whom wide excision was ultimately curative, after aggressive medical therapy with the use of infliximab and adalimumab had succeeded in limiting the body surface area affected by the disease. This case demonstrates the effective treatment of severe HS with a combination of biologic therapy and surgery.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.59-69
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• 2016

Background: The subcutaneous formulation of biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) was preferred due to favored self-administration and would be an economical treatment option for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. This study was to compare the economic impact of biologic DMARDs administered by subcutaneous injection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who had inadequate response to conventional DMARDs. Methods: The cost-minimization analysis was conducted to estimate the lifetime health care costs of treatment sequences with subcutaneous biologic DMARDs as first-line therapy from a health care system perspective. The Markov model was developed to represent the transitions through treatment sequences based on American College of Rheumatology response rate and discontinuation rate. The health care costs comprised the cost of medications, administration, dispensing, outpatient visits, test/diagnostic examination, palliative therapy and treatment of serious infection. All costs were expressed in 2016 Korean Won (KRW) and discounted at 5%. Results: The mean lifetime health care cost per patient was lowest in the etanercept sequence, which was estimated at KRW 63,441,679. The incremental costs of the treatment sequence started with adalimumab, golimumab, abatacept, and tocilizumab were KRW 7,985,730, KRW 4,064,669, KRW 2,869,947, and KRW 4,282,833, respectively, relative to etanercept sequence. These differences in costs mainly were attributable to medication costs. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses confirmed that etanercept represented the option with the lowest cost compared with comparators. Conclusion: This study found that etanercept is likely a cost-saving treatment option among subcutaneous biologic DMARDs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.88-93
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• 2013

In order to construct a controlled release system of drugs and to reduce toxic side effects of 5-fluorouracil, the novel ramose chitosan-based-5-fluorouracil microspheres (CS-FU-MS) were prepared. Firstly, using chitosan (CS) as carriers and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) as a model drug, ramose chitosan-based-5-fluorouracil (CS-FU) was efciently synthesized by chemical crosslinking method through microwave irradiation, drug loading was 10.6%; Secondly, CS-FU-MS were prepared by CS-FU self-assembled under the dialysis conditions and the free 5-FU was encapsulated further at the same time. The size dispersivity of particles is uniform, and the average diameter of the CS-FU-MS was $4{\mu}m$. The drug encapsulation efficiency was 76.1%, and the drug loading was increased to 26.22%. CS-FU-MS maintain the zero-order release time in PBS (pH = 7.4) and HCl/KCl (pH = 1.2) dialysis medium was 40h and 34h respectively, and the cumulative release were 58.89% and 79.33% in 182 h. The results showed that CS-FU-MS have excellent sustained release properties.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.417-424
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• 2001

The pseudo-biologic objective function has been designed for the IMRT optimization. The RTP Tool Box (RTB) was used for this study. The pseudo-biologic function is similar to the biological objective function in mathematical shape, but uses physical parameters. The concepts of the TCI (Target Coverage Index) and the OSI (Organ Score Index) have been introduced for the target and the normal organs, respectively. The pseudo-biologic objective function s has been defined using these TCI and OSI's. The OSI's from the pseudo-biological function showed better results than from the physical functions, while TCI's showed similar tendency. These results revealed the feasibility of the pseudo-biologic function as an IMRT objective function.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.79-88
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• 2014

Appropriate use of local hemostatic agent is one of the important factors on the prognosis of endodontic microsurgery. However, most investigations to date focus on the hemostatic efficacy of the agents, whereas their biologic characteristics have not received enough attention. The purpose of this paper was to review the biologic response of local hemostatic agents, and to provide clinical guidelines on their use during endodontic microsurgery. Electronic database (PUBMED) was screened to search related studies from 1980 to 2013, and 8 clinical studies and 18 animal studies were identified. Among the materials used in these studies, most widely-investigated and used materials, epinephrine, ferric sulfate (FS) and calcium sulfate (CS), were thoroughly discussed. Influence of these materials on local tissue and systemic condition, such as inflammatory and foreign body reaction, local ischemia, dyspigmentation, delayed or enhanced bone and soft tissue healing, and potential cardiovascular complications were assessed. Additionally, biological property of their carrier materials, cotton pellet and absorbable collagen, were also discussed. Clinicians should be aware of the biologic properties of local hemostatic agents and their carrier materials, and should pay attention to the potential complications when using them in endodontic microsurgery.