• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.717-729
• /
• 2013

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) is a non-invasive and low-cost technique that estimates body composition based on the distribution of water and electrolytes in the body by analyzing body's electrical responses to source voltages. In this work, we carried out a systematic literature review on BIA researches in traditional East Asian medicine (TEAM). For comparison, firstly we introduced the concept and principle of BIA, and offered a general overview of research trends in western medical perspectives. We searched through the databases of Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System and DataBase Periodical Information Academic for the articles published between 1994 and 2013, with keywords such as 'BIA', 'bioelectrical impedance' and 'impedance'. Among the rough-searched 274 articles, we finally selected 21 articles appropriate to the intended research field. The selected articles were categorized into diagnosis in Sasang medicine, impedance analysis in meridian system, and change of body composition after taking herbal medicine. We found that most of BIA researches in TEAM were preliminary and remained in the peripheral levels which is far behind the western medical research activities. Therefore, more efforts are needed to study BIA in association with major subjects such as pattern identification or physiological/pathological phenomena. In addition, methodological breakthrough of BIA is possible by applying the diagnostic concepts of the TEAM in relation to the balance of Qi and Blood.

• Journal of Platform Technology
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.38-45
• /
• 2021

A frequently used bioimpedance analytical method in Korea is the segmental multi-frequency BIA (SMF-BIA) method, but it is not directly determined at a segmented impedance. This study was to compare SMF-BIA determinations with direct segmented determinations for accuracy and appropriateness of segment parameters. This study is to compare the segment parameters, accuracy and appropriateness of the multi-frequency segmental bioimpedance analysis. To this end, 108 elderly individuals were measured. Segmented bioelectrical measurements obtained from a SMF-BIA (Inbody S10) at 50 kHz and measured with a phase sensitive single frequency device (SF-BIA, bia-101, RJL / akern systems) were compared. The significant difference (%) was demonstrated between single - and multiple frequency determinations of the right upper limb (R = 35.5 ± 6.2%, P < 0.001; Xc = 2.7 ± 7.6%, P < 0.01), left upper limb difference (R= 33. 9 ± 6.0%, P < 0.001; Xc = 2.8 ± 8.3%, P < 0.01), right lower limb difference (R = 18.6 ± 4.3%, P < 0.001; Xc = 25.8 ± 10.0%, P < 0.001), left lower limb difference (R = 18.0 ± 4.7%, P < 0.001; Xc = 31.8%). Of the results determined with the two BIA methods, the impedance measurements of the limbs and whole body showed a high correlation (RA: R = 0. 950, LA: R = 0. 949, RL: R = 0.899, LL: R = 0.88), and in the agreement test, the impedance values of the upper limbs and whole body also showed strong agreement (ICC > 0.9), but in the Xc, the correlation was weak. In conclusion, it was found that although bioimpedance devices had significantly different characteristics and inconsistent cross sectionally, there was a high population level agreement in the upper and lower extremities in determining segmental resistance value changes. But a large error was found on the trunk. Further studies were needed for reducing the error.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.955-958
• /
• 2005

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis(BIA) can measure body water amount and then body fat mass. The formula is used here FFM=-4.104+0.518H+0.231W+0.130X+4.229S is used, In this work, H is height, R is resistance value, W is weight, X is reactance and S is distinction of sex.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.689-692
• /
• 2005

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis(BIA) can measure body water amount and then body fat mass. Locate 4 electrode in palm to measure efficiently and flow current(50kHz, 800uA) in body for measuring voltage and capacitance. And proposed method to measure body fat with hight, weight, age and distinction of sex.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.582-587
• /
• 2014

This study have researched on feasibility of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA, which is simple useful evaluation tool for predictive factor of cardiovascular disease) to patients who have to travel along the sea for a long-period time and have difficulty in visiting medical institutions. We studied on the basis of total cholesterol value, which is nowadays widely used tool for predictive factor of cardiovascular disease, and also studied its association with BIA value via statistical analysis. Our result showed correlation with fat thickness of individual sites, and especially, fat thickness of left thigh showed high relation with total cholesterol value. This result shows that people who are in travel of long-period of time at sea are feasible of using BIA to evaluate changes of left thigh fat thickness as predictive factor for cardiovascular disease. Due to lack of advanced researches further studies should be done. And based on special circumstances in sea, more studies should be done to validity concerning this circumstances and accuracy of this evaluation tool.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.48 no.7
• /
• pp.696-700
• /
• 2005

Propose : Body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA) is a very useful method of analysing body composition. BIA is non-invasive, inexpensive, nonhazaedous and reproducible technique. The aim of this study was to determine the level of agreement between body composition measurement by BIA and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA). Methods : Data was examined in 100 children(male 58; female 42), who visited Pusan National Hospital. Weight(kg) and height(cm) were measured, and body compositions were analyzed with fat mass, lean body mass, body fat percent by BIA and DEXA methods. Results : Comparison of the DEXA and BIA methods showed highly statistically significant correlations in measurement of human body composition(fat mass, lean body mass, body fat percent). Conclusion : BIA should be considered as the method of choice in measurement of human body composition, since it's non-invasive, reliable, rapid, nonhazaedous and inexpensive, using portable equipment.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.19-26
• /
• 1999

Adequate nutrition is important in maintaining optimal health. Malnutrition can expose individual to increased risks of morbidity and mortality. The purposes of this study were to determine the basal energy expenditure (BEE) of Korean healthy subjects and TPN patients using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) method and to compare these values with those predicted by Harris-Benedict equation (H-B). BEE values measured by BIA were compared with predicted BEE values by the H-B formula in 59 clinically stable TPN patients and 65 healthy volunteers. In healthy volunteers and TPN patients, statistically significant differences were not shown between the BEE values measured by BIA (1392.5 Kcal and 1325.9 Kcal) and those predicted by H-B formula (1384.1 Kcal and 1270.1 Kcal). In male volunteers, statistically significant differences were not shown between BEE values measured by BIA (1670.7 Kcal) and the H-B formula (1550.9 Kcal), but in female volunteers, statistically significant differences were shown between BEE values measured by BIA (1194.8 Kcal) and the H-B formula (1265.6 Kcal). In male TPN patients, statistically significant differences were shown between BEE values measured by BIA (1453.5 Kcal) and the H-B formula (1335.9 Kcal), but in female TPN patients, statistically significant differences were not shown between BEE values measured by BIA (1126.4 Kcal) and the H-B formula (1167.2 Kcal). In normal healthy volunteers, $90.8\%$ of BEE values measured by BIA and in TPN patients $89.8\%$ of BEE values measured by BIA were within $15\%$ of BEE values predicted by the H-B formula in non-obese subjects. In conclusion, BEE values predicted by H-B formula or measured by BIA can be applied to non-obese Koreans. However, these values should be confirmed with Indirect calorimetry for Koreans.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.413-418
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to design a single frequency BIA(Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer) which can measure body impedance when patient is sitting on the toilet and to develope a prediction equation for designed BIA. For the purpose of this study, we acquired body impedances with designed BIA from 181 subjects composed of healthy Korean by attaching electrodes to suitable positions(wrist and thigh) for toilet measurement. We computed an appropriate FFM(Fat Free Mass) for Korean using modified-Siri equation to the same subjects instead of Siri equation which nay cause accuracy problems in hydrodensitometry when it applied to Korean. We used this FFM as reference value and developed a Korean FFM prediction equation based on body impedance index, body weight and sex. Correlation coefficient between prediction value and reference value of FFM was extremely high (r = 0.977) and SEE(Standard Error of Estimation) was low 2.47kg.(p<0.05) For comparison between existing electrode-attaching method and our method for toilet measurement, we acquired body impedance with designed BIA from same subjects attaching electrodes on existing positions (wrist and ankle) and made FFM prediction equation for BIA. Correlation coeffient between predicted value and reference value was 0.978 and SEE was 2.43kg(p<0.05). It means that the developed system has not significant differences with existing method. In conclusion bioelectrical impedance analyzer and the FFM prediction equation developed in this paper are evaluated to he adequate to compute FFM of Korean.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.11 no.10
• /
• pp.349-353
• /
• 2020

Background: The dosage of the anesthetic drugs is generally determined by the total body weight of the patients. However, the drugs can be overdosed when the patient is morbidly obese. We have determined anesthetic induction dose based on lean body mass estimated from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Case: We report a case of morbidly obese patient (161 cm, 138 kg and body mass index 53.1) who had an elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The dose of induction agent was determined by lean body mass estimated by BIA, and the sedation was assessed by the observer's assessment alertness/sedation scale. Conclusions: Dose determination through lean body mass measured by BIA is useful in highly obese patients.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.1037-1046
• /
• 2004

Age-dependent changes in body fat can often be observed in normal population. A series of indirect body fat estimates, such as hydrodensitometry, Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis(BIA), and anthropometry equation for body fat, have been developed. The BIA made it possible to analyze body fat mass more related to hydrodensitometry than anthropometry. This study is to compare the body composition analysis between bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA) and anthropometric measurements of women. The subjects were a group of Daejeon residents including 32 young-aged women($21.50{\pm}1.44$), 30 middle-aged women($50.33{\pm}5.27$), and 40 old-aged women($69.22{\pm}5.74$). We used BIA(inbody 3.0, Biospace Korea) to determine body fat and other body composition. We also measured weight, height, circumference for 12 parts, and skinfold thickness for 9 parts of all subjects' body. The results are as follows: The subjects' height by the age group were $161.74{\pm}0.94cm$ in the young-aged women, $154.16{\pm}1.09cm$ in the middle-aged, and $148.60{\pm}0.78cm$ in the old-aged respectively. BMI were, in order, $21.68{\pm}0.49,\;22.87{\pm}0.89,\;and\;23.85{\pm}0.55$. Relative body fat determined by BIA was, also in order, $29.06{\pm}0.92%,\;26.35{\pm}1.02%,and\;29.35{\pm}1.07%$. Circumference and skinfold that showed the highest correlation with body fat by BIA was waist in the young-aged(r=0.738) and bast in the middle- and old-aged(r=0.844, r=0.804), and triceps in the young-and old-aged(r=0.538, r=0.798), and subcostal in the middle-aged(r=0.872). Body fat Estimations by BIA were the highest correlation with Caucasian women's equation(r=0.588) in young-aged women, Siri's equation with Durnin & Womesley's body density measurement(r=0.875) in middle aged women and Caucasian women' equation(r=0.872) in old aged women. We need to develop specific anthropometric equations based on sex and age to determine body fat.