• Title/Summary/Keyword: BioSIM

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A Kinetic Study of Steam Gasification of Rice Straw, Saw Dust Biomass and Coal (볏집, 톱밥 바이오매스와 석탄의 수증기 가스화반응 Kinetics 연구)

  • Song, Byungho;Zhu, Xueyan
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.50 no.1
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    • pp.76-82
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    • 2012
  • Biomass and coal are great potential energy sources for gasification process. These solids can be gasified to produce syngas and bio-oil which can be upgraded further to transportation fuel. Two biomass and three coals have been gasified with steam in a thermobalance reactor under atmospheric pressure in order to evaluate their kinetic rate information The effects of gasification temperature (600850C600850C) and partial pressure of steam (30~90 kPa) on the gasification rate have been investigated. The three different types of gas-solids reaction models have been applied to the experimental data to compare their predictions of reaction behavior. The modified volumetric reaction model predicts the conversion data well, thus that model was used to evaluate kinetic parameters in this study. The gasification reactivity of five solids has been compared. The obtained activation energy of coal and biomass gasification were well in the reasonable range. The expression of apparent reaction rates for steam gasification of five solids have been proposed as basic information for the design of coal gasification processes.

Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Germinated Glycine max Merr Soybeans

  • Huh, Dam;Bae, Man-Jong;Jo, Deok-Jo;Kim, Jung-Ok;Lee, Kyung-Ae;Lee, Gee-Dong
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.209-216
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    • 2007
  • To investigate the applicability as the functional food materials of germinated Glycine max Merr soybeans, its biochemical characteristics and its abilities to inhibit platelet aggregation and hydrolyze alcohol were examined. With the progression of germination time, crude protein content gradually increased, and on the 5th day of germination it was 30.19%. However, crude fat content tended to decrease, and on the 5th day of germination it was 14.30%. Total amino acid content was highest on the 3rd day of germination at 80,875 mg%. The free amino acid content doubled from day 0 of germination (1,273.35 mg%) until the 5th day of germination (2,742.99 mg%). Fatty acid analysis revealed that linoleic acid was highest among all the samples, ranging from 53.5556.0053.5556.00. Linolenic acid content slightly increased as the germination period was prolonged. The ability to inhibit platelet aggregation increased according to the germination period and then decreased again on the 5th day of germination; it was somewhat higher in the ethanol fraction. In measuring ADH, we found that the activity of the ethanol fraction increased with increasing days of germination. In the case of the water fraction, the activity decreased as germination was prolonged, and the ADH activity of the water fraction was higher than that of the ethanol fraction. Based on the above results, we deemed that the Glycine max Merr soybeans germinated for 2323 days were most pertinent for use as functional food materials.

Chemical Pest Management System in Eggplant Greenhouse (시설가지 주요 해충 방제를 위한 약제 방제 체계)

  • Moon, Hyung-Cheol;Im, Ju-Rak;Hwang, Chang-Yeon;Kim, Ju;Ryu, Jeong;Shin, Yung-Kyu
    • Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.330-335
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    • 2008
  • This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of insecticide control system in eggplant greenhouse. In all treatments, the average densities of Frankliniella occidentalis and Tetranychus urticae were 0.31.80.31.8 and 0.0 per leaf at 28 days after treatment, respectively. These results indicate the alternate application of Abamectin EC and Spinosad GW can be useful in control for F. occidentalis and T. urticae in eggplant greenhouse. The density suppression effect against Liriomyza trifolii and Trialeurodes vaporariorum was maintained for 28 days after treatment, but control effect was low at 28 days after treatment.

Investigation of useful components in soybean seeds: Purification and characterization of soybean ferritin (콩 유용성분 탐색에 관한 연구: 콩 Ferritin의 정제 및 특성)

  • Seo, Kyung-Won;Oh, Suk-Heung
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.41 no.7
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    • pp.522-526
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    • 1998
  • Ferritin from germinated soybean seeds was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation (0.55 saturation), ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, gel filtration chromatography on Sephacryl S-300, and HPLC with Bio-Scale Q2 column. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the purified ferritin is composed of subunit with an apparent M, 21,000. The molecular mass of the native soybean ferritin estimated by gel filtration on Sephacryl S-300 and non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis appeared to be 510560kDa510560kDa. Soybean ferritin contained 833 mol Fe/mol protein, which is 31-fold more iron than pumpkin ferritin and stained positive for iron on non-denaturing gel. Soybean ferritin cross-reacted with anti-soybean rabbit ferritin antiserum.

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Pyrolysis Characteristics of Hemp By-products (Stem, Root and Bast) (헴프 부산물의 열분해 특성 연구)

  • Choi, Gyeong-Ho;Kim, Seung-Soo;Kim, Jinsoo;Joo, Dong-Sik;Lee, Janggook
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.22 no.5
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    • pp.508-513
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    • 2011
  • Hemp is known as one of the most productive and useful plants, which grows quickly in a moderate climate with only moderate water and fertilizer. Traditionally in Korea, hemp bast is used to natural fibres, and remaining such as stem and root is treated as waste. Those of hemp by-products can be transformed to bio fuel such as bio-oil and activated carbon. To understand pyrolysis characteristics, thermogravimetric analysis were carried out in TGA, in which hemp by-products were mostly decomposed at the temperature range of 270370C270370C. The corresponding kinetic parameters including activation energy and pre-exponential factor were determined by differential method over the degree of conversions. The values of activation energies for pyrolysis were increased as the conversion increased from 10 to 90%.

Agronomic Characteristics of Common Millet Germplasm (기장 유전자원의 농업적 특성)

  • Yoon, Seong-Tak;Xu, Zhen Yu;Kim, Seong-Min;Kim, Chang-Yung
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.53 no.4
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    • pp.394-400
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    • 2008
  • Crop characteristics of 137 common millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) resources collected in Korea were investigated in order to establish basic data for the improvement of crop breeding. Spike types of 137 plant resources were classified as 4 types of oblate, spreading, oblate-compact (intermediary type between oblate and compact) and oblate-spreading (intermediary type between oblate and compact) type, of which oblate spike type was the highest percentage of 66.4% (91 plant resources) of 137 germplasm. Seed color was classified as 5 colors of dark brown, yellow, brown, yellowish brown, and yellowish white, of which yellowish white was the highest percentage of 66.4% (54 plant resources) among them. Seed type was classified as 2 types of pyramid shape and short pyramid shape, which showed 62.8% and 37.2% respectively. Days from seeding to heading date showed the range from 68 to 85 days with 73.7 days in the average and the highest frequency proportion of it was the group from 70 to 75 days, which occupied 46.7% (64 plant resources) of 137 germplasm. Days from seeding to physiological maturity showed the range from 109 to 124 days with 112.0 days in the average and the highest frequency proportion (60.6%) of it was the group from 111 to 115 days, while there were also occupied with 6.6% below 110 days and 5.1% over 120 days among 137 germplasm. Group from 181 cm to 190 cm of culm length showed the highest frequency proportion of 47.4%, whereas below 160 cm was the lowest occupancy of 2.9%. Spike length showed the range from 181 to 190 cm with 181.4 cm in the average and the highest frequency distribution of it was the group from 31 to 35 cm with the proportion of 54.0%. Number of grains per spike showed the range from 432 to 2,665 grains with 1,429.5 grains in the average and group from 1,200 to 1,400 grains per spike was the highest frequency distribution with the proportion of 20.4%. There were also occupied with 13.1% below 1,000 grains and 8.6% over 2,000 grains per spike among 137 germplasm.

Heating Effect by Electric Radiator in Greenhouse of Chrysanthemum Cultivation (전기 방열기가 국화재배온실의 난방에 미치는 영향)

  • Suh, Won-Myung;Leem, Jae-Woon;Kim, Young-Ju;Min, Young-Bong;Kim, Hyeon-Tae;Huh, Moo-Ryong;Yoon, Yong-Cheol
    • Journal of agriculture & life science
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    • v.44 no.4
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    • pp.79-85
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    • 2010
  • An analysis in heating effects of an electric radiator located in a 1-2W type chrysanthemum (3 cultivars) cultivation greenhouse installed in Gyeongsang National University drew the following conclusions. During the experiment period, the highest, average, and the lowest outside temperatures were in the ranges of 3.821.3C3.821.3C, 5.216.1C5.216.1C and 12.514.4C12.514.4C, respectively, and the average relative humidity inside and outside the greenhouses were in the ranges of 43.5~98.6% and 35.2~100%, respectively. From mid-December to early February, the lowest outside temperature was recorded as approximately 5.010.0C5.010.0C, which showed that it tended to be relatively lower than the temperatures recorded at the Jinju Meteorological Observatory. During the night, the leaf temperature measured directly under the radiator tended to be higher by 23C23C than that those at the middle point of the radiator, or higher by a negligible amount. In the case of root zone temperature, it was found that there was almost no difference between temperatures of the part directly under and the middle point, and the time when the highest temperature of root zone and other highest temperatures took place showed that there was about a 2-hour delay phenomenon. The total electricity consumption, energy supply and total heating cost during the experiment period were 2,800 kWh, 2,408,000 kcal and 112,000 won, respectively. When diesel, a kind of fossil fuel, was used as heating oil, the total heating cost was around 224,500 won. It was estimated that the total heating cost could be reduced by around 50% if a radiator was used.

Study on the Bio-chemical Safety of Ganjang Gejang Distributed in Korea (국내 유통 간장게장 제품 안전성 조사 연구)

  • Seo, Jung-Eun;Lee, Eun-Jung;Lee, Jong-Kyung;Oh, Se-Wook;Jung, Jung-Hyun;Oh, Myung-Joo;Kim, Yun-Ji
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.233-238
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    • 2008
  • To evaluate biochemical safety of gejang distributed in Korea, 33 samples were collected and analyzed for indicator microorganisms, pathogen, parasite, pH, volatile basic nitrogen(VBN), salinity, 3-MCPD, histamine, and synthetic food colors. Total plate counts of gejang were the range of 3 to 7 log cfu/g and coliform were the range of ND to 4 log cfu/g. Vibrio parahaemolyticus was detected from 4 samples, and Escherichia coli(1 log cfu/g) and copepoda were detected from 1 sample among those. pH and VBN value of samples were the range of 6.69 to 8.10 and 21.99 to 94.55 mg%, respectively. The ranges of salinity concentration for ganjang chamgejang, ganjang ggokgejang, and ganjang dolgejang were 11.632.611.632.6, and 11.613.311.613.3, respectively. But, the range of salinity concentration of yangnum gejang was 2.69.42.69.4, which was lower than ganjang gejang. Besides, 3-MCPD, histamine and synthetic food colors were not detected. From the results, most of gejang was appropriate for Korea national standard for food regulation, but still biological hygiene control for raw materials, processing, and distribution should be improved.

Isolation and Characterization of High Viscosity Polysaccharide Producing Endophytic Bacteria from Pueraria Root (고점도 다당류를 생산하는 갈근 내생균의 분리 및 특성)

  • Whang, Kyung-Sook;Choi, Seung-Hyun;Han, Song-Ih
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.43 no.4
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    • pp.341-345
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    • 2007
  • Fifty endophytic bacteria, which produced slime around the colonies, were isolated from Pueraria roots. In particular, HDN-14, TDG-3, and TNB-3 strains, which appeared to be high viscosity producers, were selected. These strains produced high levels of polysaccharides in Puerara root medium extract. The purified polysaccharide was digested with 1N HCI and analyzed by HPLC, with glucose (45.663.145.663.1), maltose (14.623.714.623.7), and fructose (17.423.717.423.7) detected as constitutive sugars. When determined by the homology relationship of the 16S rDNA sequence with the relative taxa, the HDN-14 and TNB-3 strains were closely (99.0699.3299.0699.32) related to the Pseudomonas koreensisTkoreensisT and Pseudomonas jesseniiTjesseniiT, while TDG-3 were closely (99.4899.7499.4899.74) related to Pseudomonas plecoglossicidaTplecoglossicidaT, Pseudomonas mosseliiTmosseliiT, and Pseudomonas monteiliiTmonteiliiT. The major cellular Pseudomonas acids are 3OHC10:03OHC10:0, 2OHC12:02OHC12:0, 3OHC12:03OHC12:0, and 3OHC12:13OHC12:1, with these strains being further differentiated in species belonging to the genus Pseudomonas.

Induction of Maturation and Ovulation with HCG Treatment in the Sevenband Grouper Epinephelus septemfasciatus (HCG 처리에 의한 능성어 Epinephelus septemfasciatus의 성숙과 배란유도)

  • Song, Young-Bo;Baek, Hae-Ja;Kim, Hyung-Bae;Soyano, Kiyoshi;Kim, Se-Jae;Lee, Young-Don
    • Journal of Aquaculture
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.96-101
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    • 2008
  • To induce of maturation and ovulation, ovary with different development stage of oocytes of sevenband grouper Epinephelus septemfasciatus(n=51, TL 69.1±1.069.1±1.0 cm, BW 5.8±0.35.8±0.3 kg) rearing indoor-tank in mature and spawning season(June to July) were investigated by cannulation. Female with yolk globule stage oocyte(300500μm300500μm) was injected with human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG, 500 IU/kg BW). Oocytes developed at diameter 300700μm300700μm in 24 hrs after the HCG injection, and the distribution ratio of over 800μm800μm of oocytes diameter in the cannulated eggs were 91.398.891.398.8 in 48 hrs after the HCG injection. Ovulation was induced from 7 out of 8 female after the HCG injection. The total volume of stripped eggs was 2,480 mL, and the volume of buoyant eggs was 1,360 mL. The fertilization and hatching rates of buoyant eggs were 56.294.956.294.9 and 70.797.970.797.9, respectively. These results suggested that HCG 500 IU/kg BW effects on maturation and ovulation of female sevenband grouper with yolk globule stage of oocyte.