• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.175-183
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• 2023

Background: Recently, biological adsorbents have been developed for removing radionuclides from radioactive liquid waste due to their high selectivity, eco-friendliness, and renewability. However, since they can be damaged by radiation in radioactive waste, a method for estimating the bio-adsorbent performance as a time should consider the radiation damages in terms of their renewability. This paper aims to develop a simulation method that applies a deep learning technique to rapidly and accurately estimate the adsorption performance of bio-adsorbents when inserted into liquid radioactive waste. Materials and Methods: A model that describes various interactions between a bio-adsorbent and liquid has been constructed using numerical methods to estimate the adsorption capacity of the bio-adsorbent. To generate datasets for machine learning, Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) simulations were conducted while considering radioactive concentrations in the adsorbent column. Results and Discussion: Compared with the result of the conventional method, the proposed method indicates that the accuracy is in good agreement, within 0.99% and 0.06% for the R² score and mean absolute percentage error, respectively. Furthermore, the estimation speed is improved by over 30 times. Conclusion: Note that an artificial neural network can rapidly and accurately estimate the survival rate of a bio-adsorbent from radiation ionization compared with the MCNP simulation and can determine if the bio-adsorbents are reusable.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.166-176
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• 2022

Banana peels are also widely used as bio-adsorbent in the removal of chemicals contaminants and heavy metals from water and soil. GC-MS plays an essential role in the phytochemical analysis and chemo taxonomic studies of medicinal plants containing biologically active components. Intrinsically, with the use of the flame ionization detector and the electron capture detector which have very high sensitivities, Gas chromatography can quantitatively determine materials present at very low concentrations and most important application is in pollution studies. In the present study banana peels were used as bio-adsorbent to remediate the heavy metal contaminated water taken from three different stations located around the industrial belts of Ranipet, Tamilnadu, India. The AAS analysis of the samples shows a decrement of chromium concentration of 98.93%, 96.16% and 96.5% in Station 1, 2 and 3 respectively which proves the efficiency of the powdered peels of Musa paradisiaca. The GC-MS analysis of the control and treated peels of Musa paradisiaca reveals the presence of phytochemicals like Acetic Acid, 1-Methylethyl Ester, DL-Glyceraldehyde Dimer, N-Hexadecanoic Acid, 3-Decyn-2-Ol, 26-Hydroxy, Cholesterol, Ergost-25-Ene-3,5,6,12-Tetrol, (3.Beta.,5.Alpha.,6.Beta.,12.Beta.)-, 1-Methylene-2b-Hydroxymethyl-3, and 3-Dimethyl-4b-(3-Methylbut-2-Enyl)-Cyclohexane in the control banana peels. The banana peels which were used for the treatment reveals the changes and alteration of the phytochemicals. It is concluded that the alteration in phytochemicals of the experimental banana peels were due to adsorption of chromium heavy metal from the sample.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.417-426
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 가죽 생산 공정 중 원피 무게의 50% 이상 고형 폐기물로 발생하는 콜라겐 단백질의 섬유 기재에 미모사(Catechol Tannin) 및 채스트넛(Pyrogallol Tannin)과 같은 식물성 탄닌물질을 다양한 조건에서 고정화시킨 10 가지 다른 종류의 바이오 흡착제를 제조하였다. 제조한 각 바이오 흡착제들의 중금속 제거용 흡착제로서의 성능 평가를 위하여 Cu(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Pb(II), Cr(III) 이온을 함유한 인공 오염수를 사용하여 다양한 반응 조건에서의 회분식 실험을 실시하였으며, 중금속들의 제거 특성을 규명하였다. 미모사를 탄닌물질로 사용하여 콜라겐에 고정화 반응을 시켰을 때 섬유 번들 내부로의 미모사의 침투력은 나프탈렌계 침투제의 주입량에 비례 하였다; 3% ${\geq}$ 1.5% > 0%. 모든 바이오 흡착제들에서 pH 3.0 이하에서는 중금속 이온들의 제거는 거의 일어나지 않았으나 pH 3.0 이상에서 중금속의 제거율이 급격히 발생하였으며 Zn(II)을 제외한 나머지 중금속이온들은 pH 6.0 이상에서는 거의 완전히 제거되었다. Cr(III)의 경우에는 바이오 흡착제 종류별 제거량이 매우 유사한 경향을 나타내었으나 Cu(II), Zn(II), Pb(II)의 제거에서는 축합형 탄닌(미모사)에 비해 이온결합이 가능한 다량의 카르복실기를 함유한 가수분해형 탄닌(채스트넛)을 사용하여 고정화시킨 바이오 흡착제에서 높은 제거능을 보였다. S10 바이오 흡착제에 대한 Pb(II) 및 Cu(II) 중금속 이온들의 흡착은 이온농도가 1,000배 변화거나 경쟁이온 화학종을 일하전 및 이하전 화학종을 사용하였을 때 영향을 받지 않았다.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.225-237
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• 2018

The sorption of metal ions with low-cost adsorbents plays an important role in sustainable development. In the present study, the efficacy of sugarcane bagasse, rain tree fruits (samaneasaman), banana stem and their mixtures, used as bio-sorbents, in the removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution is evaluated. Batch studies are conducted, and residual ions were measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP)-atomic spectrometer. Effect of pH, initial metal ion concentration, reaction time and adsorbent dosage are studied. The Pb(II) removal efficiency was observed to be 97.88%, 98.60% and 91.74% for rain tree fruits, banana stem and a mixture of adsorbents respectively. The highest Cu(II) ion removal was observed for sugarcane bagasse sorbent with an efficiency of 82.10% with a pH of 4.5 and a reaction time of 90 min. Finally, desorption studies were carried out to study the leaching potential of adsorbent, and it was found that the adsorbent is stable in water than the other leaching agents such as HCl, ammonium acetate, Sodium EDTA. Hence, these adsorbents can be effectively used for the removal of these heavy metals.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.265-279
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• 2014

Pervaporation is the most promising technique for the recovery of ethanol from the fermentation system. To date, extensive research has been conducted on the exploration of membrane materials with favorable properties. In this paper, we primarily review the performance of adsorbent-filled rubbery membranes. In addition, the fundamental mechanisms of ethanol and water molecules transportation through composite membranes are demonstrated, particularly from the perspective of cluster formation. Finally, future prospects are also analyzed to develop the guidelines for the future development of excellent membrane materials for ethanol concentration. This paper is not meant to be an exhaustive overview, rather a specialized summary that allows readers to select the information appropriated to their topics.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.56-65
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• 2022

구리는 우수한 특성, 특히 높은 전도성과 낮은 저항으로 인해 전기/전자 제조 산업에 널리 사용되는 비철금속 중 하나이다. 이러한 산업의 표면 처리 공정에서는 구리 함량이 높은 폐수가 발생하며, 직간접적으로 수계로 배출된다. 이는 심각한 환경 오염을 일으키고 또한 귀중한 유용금속의 손실을 초래한다. 이러한 문제를 극복하기 위하여, 효율적이고 저렴하며 친환경적인 흡착제를 찾기 위한 목적으로 흡착 분야에서 전 세계적으로 지속적인 연구개발이 진행되고 있다. 이러한 점을 고려하여, 본 연구에서는 위와 같은 폐수로부터 구리 흡착을 위한 바이오 흡착제로서 식물뿌리(Datura 뿌리 분말)의 성능을 합성 흡착제(Tulsion T-42)와 비교하였다. 실험은 흡착제 투여량, 접촉시간, pH, 주입액 농도 등의 변수들을 최적화하기 위하여 회분식으로 수행되었다. 초기구리농도가 100 ppm이고 pH가 4인 주입액에서, 0.2 g Datura 뿌리 분말을 15분간 접촉하였을 때 구리 흡착율은 95%이었으며, 0.1 g Tulsion T-42은 30분간 접촉에서 95%의 흡착율을 나타내었다. 두 흡착제의 흡착 데이터는 Freundlich 등온선과 잘 일치하였으며, 유사 2차 속도식을 따르는 것을 나타내었다. 전체 결과는 본 연구의 바이오 흡착제가 표면처리 공정의 폐액 또는 폐수로부터 금속 회수에 적용될 가능성을 보여주고 있다.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.73-88
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• 2017

Adsorption kinetics of aqueous ferric ion ($Fe^{3+}$) onto bio-natural rice grains (BRG) have been studied in a batch system. The influence of contact time (0-180 minutes), the dosage of BRG adsorbent (10, 20, 40, and $60gL^{-1}$), and ambient temperature (27, 37, 47, and $57^{\circ}C$) for the adsorption system have been reported. The equilibrium time achieved after 20 minutes of adsorption contact time. The maximum removal of ferric ion is 99% by using $60gL^{-1}$ of BRG, $T=37^{\circ}C$, and $50mgL^{-1}$ ferric ion solution. Adsorption kinetic and diffusion models, such as pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, and Weber-Morris intra-particle diffusion model, have been used to describe the adsorption rate and mechanism of the ferric ion onto BRG surface. The sorption data results are fitted by Lagergren pseudo-second order model ($R^2=1.0$). The kinetic parameters, rate constant, and sorption capacities have been calculated. The new information in this study suggests that BRG could adsorb ferric ion from water physiosorption during the first 5 minutes. Afterward, the electrostatic interaction between ferric ion and BGR-surface could take place as a very weak chemisorptions process. Thus, there is no significant change could be noticed in the FTIR spectra after adsorption. I recommend producing BGR as a bio-natural filtering material for removing the ferric ion from water.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.392-398
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to investigate the bio-adsorption using modified zeolite with Mg (Mg-zeolite) in the dyeing wastewater treatment. Mg-zeolite adsorbed successfully 100% of the color, suspended solid (SS). chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in the dyeing wastewater at the following optimal Mg-zeolite loading: 20 mg/L for colour, SS, TN and TP, 30 mg/L for BOD and COD. These results indicated that the amount of 1 mg/L Mg-zeolite adsorbed 11.6 mg/L for color, 9.5 mg/L for SS, 45.0 mg/L for COD, 12.7 mg/L for BOD, 0.91 mg/L for TP and 2.25 mg/L for TN. The bio-adsorbent, Mg-zeolite, can be a promising adsorption due to its high efficiency and low dose requirements.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.108-116
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• 2013

BACKGROUND: Certain crop-based waste materials have been recognized as cost-effective and highly efficient adsorbents for removal and recovery of different kind of heavy metals from aqueous solutions. The ability is strongly attributed to the carboxyl functional group of some pectin substances such as galacturonic acid often found in fruit peels. The present manuscript was aimed at assessing the potential applicability of banana peel for metal removal from contaminated waters. METHODS AND RESULTS: As revealed by laboratory investigations, banana peel contains pectin (10-21%), lignin (6-12%), cellulose (7.6-9.6%), and hemicelluloses (6.4-9.4%). The pectin extraction is reported to have glucose, galactose, arabinose, rhamnose, xylose, and galactouroninc acid. Several studies conducted under different conditions proved that banana peel is capable of adsorbing 5.71, 2.55, 28.00, 6.88, 7.97, and 5.80 mg/g of $Cd^{2+}$, $Co^{2+}$, $Cu^{2+}$, $Ni^{2+}$, $Pb^{2+}$, and $Zn^{2+}$, respectively, from aqueous solutions. Adsorption capacity is, however, dependent upon several factors including solution pH, dose of adsorbent and metal concentration, contact time and shaking speed. CONCLUSION(S): Since the annual world production of banana exceeds 100 million tons, about 40 million tons of banana peel (40% of total weight of the fresh fruit) remains vastly unused. Exploring a sound technology with banana peel would therefore, not only address the much needed sustainable tool for cleaning contaminated waters, but of course bring an additional value to the banana industry worldwide.

• 한국자원리싸이클링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2005년도 추계정기총회 및 제26회 학술발표대회 고분자리싸이클링기술 특별심포지엄
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• pp.271-275
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• 2005

수용액으로부터 중금속의 제거에 소나무수피, 배추, 게 껍질을 이용하였다. 흡착과 이온교환에 의한 중금속의 제거를 조사하기 위해서 시간, 초기농도변화, 흡착제량 변화에 따른 흡착 효율을 조사하고 각각의 실험마다 pH 변화를 측정하였다. 그 결과 배추가 가장 우수한 흡착력을 보였고, 그 다음으로 게 껍질이 우수한 흡착력을 보였다. 특이할 만 한 사항은 배추와 소나무수피의 흡착 실험시 pH는 감소하나 게 껍질의 경우에는 pH가 오히려 증가하는 경향을 보였다.