• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.93-112
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• 2014

As personal data breach reared up as a problem domestically and globally, organizations appointing chief privacy officers (CPOs) are increasing. Related Korean laws, 'Personal Data Protection Act' and 'the Act on Promotion of Information and Communication Network Utilization and Information Protection, etc.' require personal data processing organizations to appoint CPOs. Research on the characteristics and role of CPO is called for because of the importance of CPO being emphasized. There are many researches on top management's role and their impact on organizational performance using the Upper Echelon theory. This study investigates what influence the characteristics of CPO gives on the organizational privacy performance. CPO's definition varies depending on industry, organization size, required responsibility and power. This study defines CPO as 'a person who takes responsibility for all the duties on handling the organization's privacy,' This research assumes that CPO characteristics such as role, personality and background knowledge have an influence on the organizational privacy performance. This study applies the part relevant to the upper echelon's characteristics and performance of the executives (CEOs, CIOs etc.) for CPO. First, following Mintzberg and other managerial role classification, information, strategic, and diplomacy roles are defined as the role of CPO. Second, the "Big Five" taxonomy on individual's personality was suggested in 1990. Among these five personalities, extraversion and conscientiousness are drawn as the personality characteristics of CPO. Third, advance study suggests complex knowledge of technology, law and business is necessary for CPO. Technical, legal, and business background knowledge are drawn as the background knowledge of CPO. To test this model empirically, 120 samples of data collected from CPOs of domestic organizations are used. Factor analysis is carried out and convergent validity and discriminant validity were verified using SPSS and Smart PLS, and the causal relationships between the CPO's role, personality, background knowledge and the organizational privacy performance are analyzed as well. The result of the analysis shows that CPO's diplomacy role and strategic role have significant impacts on organizational privacy performance. This reveals that CPO's active communication with other organizations is needed. Differentiated privacy policy or strategy of organizations is also important. Legal background knowledge and technical background knowledge were also found to be significant determinants to organizational privacy performance. In addition, CPOs conscientiousness has a positive impact on organizational privacy performance. The practical implication of this study is as follows: First, the research can be a yardstick for judgment when companies select CPOs and vest authority in them. Second, not only companies but also CPOs can judge what ability they should concentrate on for development of their career relevant to their job through results of this research. Cultural social value, citizen's consensus on the right to privacy, expected CPO's role will change in process of time. In future study, long-term time-series analysis based research can reveal these changes and can also offer practical implications for government and private organization's policy making on information privacy.

• 복식
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• 제30권
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• pp.261-274
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• 1996

In the present age dominate by both cer-taingty of 1% and uncertainty of 99% 'Fuzzy thinking' of Bart Kosko that is the way to solve the problems by the scientific way through a worldview of Buddhism or Taoism greatly prevails around the world over 'Lateral greatly prevails around the world over 'Lateral thinking' and the authenticity or the right and-wrong of the uncertainty which is the thinking way to find the answer of the problems of illogical way of Edward de Beno against the western vertical thinking were Concurrently fashion designers over the world also adopt the oriental elements. But there exist differences of thoughts between the orient and the occident. And they have dif-ferent thinking way of aestheticism and references of the value on the beauty. Not only beauty but the view through the mind as intuitional thought in which not only the rec-ognition of sense but also the rationalism and the naturalness play key role. The aesthetic sense in the orient contains both the truth and virtue. 2) The beauty of the mean It's from the thought of neutralization of Confucius. The mean or moderation state which in harmony with ethical virtue and aes-thetic beauty is the ideal and is the ultimate. Therefore the thought of Confucian is the creativity in which the balance and the har-mony is most important. Fashion design is also one of the representation of the mean because the spirit of the designer is harmonized for-mlessly with the object of the model of the fashion design. 2) The beauty of skillfulness It indicates the Taoism of Lao-tzu and Chuangtzu. It takes a super-artistic declar-ation that human can feel and recognize the color of colorlessness the sound of sound-lessness and the taste of tastelessness. The thought of arts affected by Taoism is 'ad-vanced age' called the beauty of skillfulness. The view of arts of lao-tzu takes the beauty of cosmos and the nature as a standard. Es-pecially the beauty of inactivity is recognized by the linkage between the beauty and the ugliness. And these things appear in fashion design as a design element such as humor or exaggeration. 3) The beauty of non-dualism It is thought of Buddhism that all evil passions of worry occur form the opposition in dualism. Finally this thought leads to that everything is consistent and truth is only one from the point of view that virtue and vice has on linkage that is 'no virtues no vices' and 'one with two, two, with one, one is not two' A big tendency like this became the root forma-tion of the thought of the oriental arts. 3. Characteristics of the oriental aesthetic sense on the present fashion design 1) The formation of the fashion design on the oriental elements In the picture-incantation which was a representation of an era when the thought of 'cosmic dual forces' dominated the basic polygons of 'a circle square triangle' means both 'one two three' and 'the negative positive mean' of cosmic elements. From this point of view the was of planner cutting in the Orient is dif-ferent from that of the Occidental which is in three-dimensional. The planner polygon type of the cut-pieces comes to have the meaning of the three-dimension when they consist of a suit that has the combination of each cut-piece. This shows the consistency with the principle of cosmos creation of Taoism that one is two two is three and three is every-thing. 2) The coloring and the symbolic represen-tation of the fashion design on the orien-tal elements The sense on the colors in the Orient from the thought of 'the cosmic dual forces and the five elements' is not the experi-enced from the knowledge but contains the consideration of philosophy Five-primary-color representing compass directions Blue(East) Red(South) Yellow(Center) White (West) and Black (North) is called ' the posi-tive' for this five-primary-color secondary-color which comes from the compound of the primary colors is called 'the negative' The thought of 'the cosmic dual forces and the five elements' is also an theory containing the natural order of the cos-mos and this shows the perceptional differ-ence that they are not conceptual but to be recognized and fell directly. A thought of Buddhism which is 'Colors are colorlessness and Clolorlessness are color's proves that. 3) The pattern and symbolic representation of the fashion design on the oriental elements The pattern as a visual style is a figure of symbolic representation which adopt the mental and physical world of human and are the compo-sition of artistic revelation of the human nature and the religous thought of incantation. Es-pecially the symbolic representation of the oriental thought of Confusion. Buddhism and Taoism There are patterns such as plants aminals the oriental four gods and geometry. From the above it's the time toward the 21'th century when the world is constructing one global area and one historical zone. And the exotic mood of the Orient represented in the fashion which doesn't make the common feeling in general does not cease to develop only to express the visual modeling but also adopts the thought religion and the art which are the root of the Orientail and contains inherent willing of modeling.

• 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.25-57
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 인터넷 점포에서 의류상품 구매후기를 작성하는 동기의 유형을 규명하는 한편 작성 동기 유형에 따라 인터넷 점포 고객들을 범주화하고, 각 집단의 작성행동, 인터넷 구매 행동, 인구사회적 특성의 차이를 규명하였다. 초점집단 면접과 온라인 서베이를 통해 연구되었으며, 정량적 연구에서는 의류상품 구매후기를 읽은 경험과 작성한 경험이 많은 국내 인터넷 점포 여성 고객 252명을 대상으로 자료가 수집되었다. 연구결과, 인터넷 점포에서 구매후기를 작성하는 동기 유형은 이타적 정보 공유, 불만해소 및 보복, 경제적 보상 추구, 상품 개발 지원, 감동 표현으로 나타났다. 특히, 작성행동에 대한 영향력이 큰 동기는 이타적 정보 공유 동기와 경제적 보상 추구 동기였다. 인터넷 점포 고객은 작성동기 유형에 따라 소비자 옹호 집단, 이익 추구 집단, 중도적 집단으로 범주화되었으며, 세 집단은 구매후기 작성행동, 인터넷 구매빈도, 인구사회적 요인들에서 차별적 특성을 보였다. 소비자 옹호 집단과 이익 추구 집단을 대상으로 인터넷 점포 구전 채널 관리 방안이 제시되었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.499-512
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• 2020

경제와 인터넷 환경의 발전은 오프라인 서점에 큰 영향을 미쳤고, 오프라인 서점 역시 시대의 변화에 따라 점차 변모하며 업그레이드 되고 있다. 본 연구는 제3의 공간 개념을 토대로 하는 현대서점을 대상으로 하여, 현대서점 공간에 대한 소비자의 수요를 파악하고, 현대서점의 특징과 발전방향을 탐구하여 향후 현대서점의 발전에 이론적 지침을 제공하는 데 목적을 둔다. 연구자는 제3의 공간 개념과 라이프스타일 숍 이론을 기반으로 그 이론에 대한 고찰과 선행연구의 귀납적 정리를 통해 제3의 공간 개념으로서의 현대서점에 부합하는 특성요소를 도출하고, 2010년 이후 대형 상업시설 내에 개설된 5개 서점의 사례를 중심으로 연구 분석을 진행하고자 한다. 결과 분석에 따르면, 현대서점은 점차 도서판매라는 단일한 형태에서 벗어나 라이프스타일을 제안하는 형태로 전환하며 다기능 복합공간으로 변신하였다. 빅데이터 분석을 통해 시장의 소비변화를 예측함으로써 소비자의 다양한 수요를 발굴하고, 이를 통해 서점공간에 맞춤형 디자인을 진행하여 현대서점공간의 가치를 업그레이드 하였다. 이로써 현대서점은 경제와 문화의 발전을 탐색하는 동시에 소비자 수요의 변화에 발맞추어 선순환을 실현하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.89-116
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to describe mother -infant interacting behavior patterns related to newborn infant feeding and to explore the mother's cultural belief about their infant. The data collection was conducted by observation and interview. Twenty-five mothers and their newborn infants who were normally delivered and were also planned to breast feed were comprised as the subjects of this study. All subjects were interviewed and observed individuaily at 1 to 5 days after the delivery at the hospital, mid -wife's clinic, Maternal Child Health Center and their home throughout the country from remote area to big city, The observation data were recorded with symbolic letter on a recording sheet newly developed as a result of preliminary study. The interview data were taperecorded and then recorded in narrative form. Mother - infant interaction behaviors in early feeding period were analyzed based on 19 analytic sub-categories and their composing elements. Unit of analysis were mother, infant and mother -infant dyad. 8 analytic categories draw from the data. Each were preparation, instrument, interaction inducing, evaluation referred to mother's behavior, preparation, instrument, interaction inducing referred to infant's behavior and synchronic behaviors referred to mother - infant dyad. Frequencies of behavior items based on the categories were converted to percent. The result showed that in mother's preparation behavior, the breast condition of Korean mother can be an affecting factor for mother - infant interaction during feeding, and vocalization behavior was observed most frequently in interaction inducing behavior while the least frequent behavior observed was contacting. Subcultural characteristics of mother - infant interaction behaviors were analyzed for their relationships between groups of mothers who have lived in remote area vs urban area, and who were multipara vs primipara. Using a chi -square test, there were statistically significant relationships in the activity of psychological readiness in preparation behavior and the movement of extremities for the position of instrumental behavior in both groups. However, interaction inducing behaviors were not related with statistical significance in any set of groups. Accomplishment of marriage, bonding and emotional mediation of family members were the categories related to mother's cultural belief about the infant in aspect of functional values. Infant at birth is considered little more than a biological organism without social capabilities. Although the newborn infant is still be attached to his mother, he makes his mother extend her territoriality. The mother's interacting behavior toward her infant based on those beliefs appeared task oriented, separative behavioral series. On the other hand, it was seen that infant reacted independently to his mother's behavior by the in-nate perceptual abilities. Those independent behavioral series of mother and infant on the feeding situation were synchronized at any moment. Nurses are In a unique position to teach mothers about their infant's capabilities and help reducing some of uncertainty about infant's behaviors. Study results indicated that the informations infant's social capabilities and breast feeding should be given to the mothers. The results of this study have several implications for nursing. First, the study results will be used as fundamental resources for the development of the assessment tool about the early mother - infant interaction. Second, the results could be a relevant information in the fied. I of maternal child nursing education as real and useful data. Third, the behavioral patterns of early mother - infant interaction which were classified based on the qualitative analysis could be used for nursing theory development as very fundamental data.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.527-538
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• 2020

본 연구는 국내 민간 현대무용단의 활성화를 위한 방안으로 전문가들의 의견을 듣고 중요도와 시급성을 측정하였다. 먼저 신산업육성 이론을 적용하여 전문가 그룹 5명에게 개방형 FGI(Focus Group Interview)를 실시하였고 중요하게 언급되거나 반복된 내용을 통해 총 24가지의 2차 질문지를 개발하였다. 이를 각 무용단 대표 및 기획자, 대학교수 등 20명에게 배포하였으며 전문가 중요도와 시급성을 측정하였다. 연구결과, 대항목은 중요도와 시급성 모두 자금지원이 1순위로 나타났고, 소항목 중요도, 시급성 비교분석은 인프라구축에서 차이를 나타냈는데, 중요도 1순위는 '무용프로그램의 홍보채널 확대", 시급성 1순위는 "무용단 전용공간 확보"로 나타나 차이를 보였다. 이와 같은 결과를 분석한 시사점은 다음과 같다. 자금지원 측면에서는 "무용단 운영을 위한 세분화된 자금지원" 등 공연 및 교육관련 작품개발 측면에서는 "기획 및 연출 등 전문인력 채용" 인력양성 측면에서는 "복합장르를 소화할 수 있는 안무자 양성" 인프라구축 측면에서는 "무용단 전용공간 마련" 컨설팅 지원 측면에서는 "기획 및 연출 등 전문인력 채용"으로 나타났다.