• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.499-512
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• 2020

The development of the economy and network environment has a great impact on physical stores, and physical bookstores are gradually upgrading and transforming with the pace of the times. This study takes the modern bookstore under the concept of the third space as the research object. The purpose of it is to understand the needs of consumers for the space of the modern bookstores, explore the characteristics and development direction of them, which provides theoretical guidance for the follow-up development of the modern bookstore. Based on the concept of the third space and the theory of lifestyle shops and reorganizing theoretical investigation and prior research, the researcher extracts the characteristic elements of modern bookstores in line with the concept of the third space. Moreover, the research analyzes five bookstores opened in large-scale commercial facilities after 2010 as research cases. Through the analysis of the results, it shows that the modern bookstore is a multi-functional and compounded space which is gradually transformed from a single bookseller to a seller of selling lifestyle proposal. And through the analysis of big data to predict the changes in market consumption, we can find out the different needs of consumers, so as to carry out the targeted design of bookstore space and then improve the value of it. In the context of the co-development of economy and culture, the transformation of modern bookstores actually conforms to the change of consumer demand and realizes a virtuous circle.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.59-76
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• 2019

This study aims to develop urban scenarios for future cities and validate the future city scenarios using a Delphi method. The scenarios of future city was derived from urban structure, land use, transportation, and urban infrastructure and development using big data analysis, environmental scanning techniques, and literature review. The Delphi survey interviewed 24 erudite scholars and experts across 6 nations including Korea, USA, UK, Japan, China, Australia and India. The Delphi survey structure was designed to test future city scenarios, verified by the 5-point Likert scale. The survey also asked the timing of each scenario likely happens by the three terms of near-future, mid-future and far-future. Results of the Delphi survey reveal the following points. Firstly, for the future urban structure it is anticipated that urban concentration continues and higher density living in global mega cities near future. In the mid-future small and medium size cities may decrease. Secondly, the land use pattern in the near-future is expected of increasing space sharing and mixed or layered vertical land-use. In addition underground space is likely to be extended in the mid-future. Thirdly, in the near-future, transport and infrastructure was expected to show ICT embedded integration platform and public and private smart transport. Finally, the result of Delphi survey shows that TOD (Transit Oriented Development) becomes a development norm and more emphasis on energy and environment fields.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.183-203
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• 2018

As the users' information use environment changes to the Web, the archives are providing more services on the Web than before. This study analyzes the users' recent inflow route and the highly ranked 100 search terms of each month for 10 and half years in the Web site of National Archives of Korea, and suggests suitable information services. As a result of the analysis, it was found out that the inflow route could be divided into access from portal site, by country, from related institutions, and via mobile platform. As a result of analyzing the search terms of users for the last 10 and half years, the most frequently searched term turned out to be 'Land Survey Register', which was also the search term that was searched for with steady interests for 10 and half years. Also, other government documents or official gazettes were of great interests to users. As results of identifying the most frequently searched and steadily searched terms, we were able to categorize the search terms largely in terms of land, Japanese colonial period, the Korean war and relationship of North Korea and South Korea, and records management and use. Based on the results of the analysis, we suggested strengthening connection of the National Archives Web site with portal sites and mobile, and upgrading and improving search services of the National Archives. This study confirmed that the analysis of Web log and user search terms would yield meaningful results that could enhance the user services in archives.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.86-93
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• 2016

Information technology, such as IoT, Big Data, Drone, Cloud etc., is evolving every year. Information Society is changing Intelligence Society and Creative Society. A new Construction Projects Management System Roadmap is required because it is difficult to reflect the current IT environments based on the CALS(Continuous Acquisition & Life-cycle Support) master plan, which is performed to establish every five years since 1998. This study was prepared for the Roadmap with a focus on Construction Management System based on the 4th CALS master plan, which was performed to establish the 2012 year. To this end, the construction environment and several information systems were investigated and analyzed. The problems of the construction project information system were derived using SWOT analysis, the vision, goal, direction, strategy, main tasks, specific tasks, and timetable of the Construction Project Management System are presented. This roadmap is designed to be used as operational indicators of a future construction project management system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.27-50
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• 1998

Adolescent health is considered to contribute to health promotion in the home and community in the near future as well as individual health. However, adolescent health has been neglected from education field because of competitive school education focused on the university entrance examination That's why I suggest in this study that we should pay much more attention to adolescent health condition and try to make It better, in terms of man-power development and life-health promotion for nation development The purposes of this study are as follows First, to look into a variety of adolescent health problems Second, to find out the situation and problems of current adolescent health promotion and school health education Third, to make an effort to find, based on the current situation, various developments of adolescent health promotion and school health education in terms of practical, political and environmental change There are used study methods as adolescent-related, school heath-related literature review and anlysis of statistical data The results and suggestions are as follows Teenagers have a great variey of health problems including most Important physical, mental and social developments Recently, chronic diseases, emotional problems, health-risk behaviors linked With adolescents are on increase The complicated disorders of physical, mental, social health rather than paricular aspects of health or health-behavior problems influence adolescent health problems adolescence is regarded as the period when most health-related behaviors are formed. Therefore, adolescent health promotion would he assured by developing the ability of controlling multi-dimensional health determinants in the early stage. Health promotion is a positive concept that each individual, family and community makes real efforts to improve their health To achive this, we need health educational, organizational, political and environmental supports. Adolescent health promotion in Korea has been systematically treated in the category of school health Current school health services have had lots of systemic, constitutional, administrative and educational flaws Accordingly, I'm concerned that we can afford to accept a variety of adolescent health needs However, I would say that if were not to make those flaws better, it's certain that Korean national competitive power and the quality of the lives of most Koreans Will he threatened someday We have to develop Comprehensive School Health Crriculum(CSHC) and set up its standards to Improve adolescent health. CSHC is an organizational and costant process. CSHC means an Important part of overall curriculums. In addition, I could say that it's an Important school health education acivity including current school health services-health care service and school health environment. In conclusion, in order to develop CSHC, we require school nurse's role changes, establishment and management of intergrated subject of health education, striking revision of school health law(or legislation of school health promotion law), reorganization of administration system, big changes in curriculum for school health educators.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.129-134
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• 2020

Moisture infiltration inside the solar cell module, filling of EVA sheet, melting of the frame seal, and deterioration of power generation performance in the module one year after installation are occurring. Whitening phenomenon, electrode corrosion phenomenon, and dielectric breakdown phenomenon are appearing in solar cell module installed in Korea before 5-7 years, leading to deterioration of power generation performance, and big problems for long-term reliability and long life technology are emerging. Therefore, in order to solve these problems, the development of a micro inverter (MiCrco Inverter Converter, MiC) including the function of securing the durability of the solar cell module and monitoring the aging progress and the solar cell based on the monitoring data from the MiC smart monitoring programs have been proposed to determine the aging of modules. In addition, in order to become a highly efficient solar smart monitoring system through systematic operation management through IT convergence with MiC that has enhanced monitoring function of solar cell module, SoC(System On Chip) in micro inverter is the environment for solar cell module. There is a demand for functions that can detect information in a complex manner and perform communication and control when necessary. Based on these requirements, this paper aims to develop SoC-based low-cost MiC smart photovoltaic system technology.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.58
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• pp.59-80
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• 2019

Recently, our company has entered the modern knowledge company, government policy and regulation has a big influence on people's lives. Also, unlike in the past, I am hoping for administrative intervention as a problem peculiar to the environment, such as environmental housing problems, urban transportation problems, misuse problems, etc. and corporate pending issues. In this study, through the 10th year of the Seoul Special Citizen Judicial Police Force, if the local autonomy is a special envoy, it will try to present the correctness in the organization luck. As a measure to secure the nature of administrative action, the method of investigation was through the study of the execution process of administrative penalty and its result based on the statistical data of Seoul City. Therefore, we will analyze the process and operation of the 10-year organizational change of the Seoul Metropolitan Government's police force and examine how the police force of the people's livelihoods, which is a special investigation organization, is expanding its duties in order to strengthen the enforcement power of the administration. Also, we will make future-oriented suggestions to encourage the readjustment of the current relevant laws, such as the Ministry of Patriots and Veterans Affairs, and to actively accommodate the expected changes of the special law police organization in charge of the enforcement of the police system.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.439-446
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• 2014

Many studies on methane ($CH_4$) and nitrous oxide ($N_2O$) emissions from livestock industries have revealed that livestock production directly contributes to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through enteric fermentation and manure management, which causes negative impacts on animal environment sustainability. In the present study, three essential values for GHG emission were measured; i.e., i) maximum $CH_4$ producing capacity at mesophilic temperature ($37^{\circ}C$) from anaerobically stored manure in livestock category ($B_{0,KM}$, Korean livestock manure for $B_0$), ii) $EF_{3(s)}$ value representing an emission factor for direct $N_2O$ emissions from manure management system S in the country, kg $N_2O-N$ kg $N^{-1}$, at mesophilic ($37^{\circ}C$) and thermophilic ($55^{\circ}C$) temperatures, and iii) $N_{ex(T)}$ emissions showing annual N excretion for livestock category T, kg N $animal^{-1}$ $yr^{-1}$, from different livestock manure. Static incubation with and without aeration was performed to obtain the $N_2O$ and $CH_4$ emissions from each sample, respectively. Chemical compositions of pre- and post- incubated manure were analyzed. Contents of total solids (% TS) and volatile solid (% VS), and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen (C/N) decrease significantly in all the samples by C-containing biogas generation, whereas moisture content (%) and pH increased after incubation. A big difference of total nitrogen content was not observed in pre- and post-incubation during $CH_4$ and $N_2O$ emissions. $CH_4$ emissions (g $CH_4$ kg VS-1) from all the three manures (sows, layers and Korean cattle) were different and high C/N ratio resulted in high $CH_4$ emission. Similarly, $N_2O$ emission was found to be affected by % VS, pH, and temperature. The $B_{0,KM}$ values for sows, layers, and Korean cattle obtained at $37^{\circ}C$ are 0.0579, 0.0006, and 0.0828 $m^3$ $CH_4$ kg $VS^{-1}$, respectively, which are much less than the default values in IPCC guideline (GL) except the value from Korean cattle. For sows and Korean cattle, $N_{ex(T)}$ values of 7.67 and 28.19 kg N $yr^{-1}$, respectively, are 2.5 fold less than those values in IPCC GL as well. However, $N_{ex(T)}$ value of layers 0.63 kg N $yr^{-1}$ is very similar to the default value of 0.6 kg N $yr^{-1}$ in IPCC GLs for National greenhouse gas inventories for countries such as South Korea/Asia. The $EF_{3(s)}$ value obtained at $37^{\circ}C$ and $55^{\circ}C$ were found to be far less than the default value.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.39-52
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• 1992

As society has changed, the demand for improved health care has increased. To keep up with this type of social need, professional nursing care is seeking to efficiently satisfy the care needs of human beings. The goal of clinical nurse is to meet nursing care needs of patients. This study was designed to survey attitudes of nursing profession of clinical nurses. The following specific 5 objectives were investigated and the attitudes of clinical nurses were determined. 1. The social position of nursing as a profession. 2. Factors influencing the development of nursing. 3. The future of nursing. 4. Their work. 5. Job satisfaction. The subjects consisted of 120 nurses who are working at 5 general hospital over 150 beds Ill CHONG NAM. The nurses were surveyed by means of a questionnaire from May 24 to Jun 15, 1992. The tool used for this study was based on earlier work by Lee, Nam Hi(1978) and Kim, Myong Hee(1984). Computer was used for Data Analysis. Frequency and Percentage were used to examine the genera] characteristics of the subjects. ANOV A and t.test were used to test the relation in characteristics of the subjects and attitudes Loward nursing prfession. The finding of this study were as follows; 1. Social position of nursing as a profession; The response with the highest agreement was "The professional nursing organization is less power. ful than the other professional organization" 3.333 points, and the response with the lowest agreement was "Nursing get a big salary" 2.225 points. 2. Factors influencing the development of nursing; the response with the highest agreement was "Hospital environment should be improved" 4.267 points, and the response with the lowest agreement was "Nurses satisfaction with salary"2.175 points. 3. The future of nursing; the response with the highest agreement was "Along the deveiopmem of science technique will be elevated educational state and graduate to needed in nursing" 3.958 points, and showed generally positive response toward the future of nursing. 4. Their work; the response with the highest agreement was "Work loading due to nursing staff insufficient" 4. 308 points, the response with the lowest agreement was "Nurses are unkind to patient" 2.508 points. 5. The subject's view regarding job satisfaction;it showed that "Interpersonal nursing staffs" 3.508 points, showed generally unsatisfactory response toward job satisfaction. 6. The relationship between the subject's attitudes toward professional nursing and general characteristics showed a significant difference statistically in regard to the field of work(P<.05). 7. The relationship between general characteristics and the subject's attitudes toward factors influencing the development of nursing showed a significant difference statistically in regard to the age and the status of position(P<.05). The subject's attitude toward the future of nursing showed a significant difference statistically in regard to the age and the period of nursing career and the field of work(P<.05, P<.005). The subject's attitude toward the job satisfaction showed a significant difference statistically in regard to the age and the period of nursing career and the status of position and the field of work(P<.005).

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.38 no.2 s.112
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• pp.217-224
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• 2005

This study was aimed to analyze the long-term fluctuation of water quality and phytoplankton dynamics of Paldang reservoir in Korea and to assess the relationship between algal bloom patterns and hydrological, limnological data. Diatoms in Paldang reservoir occurred continuously through the year. Blue- green algae occurred during the summer season (from June to Sept.), and the highest count was observed in July. Occurrence pattern of green algae was similar to that of blue-green algae. The rest of algae contained a lot of Cryptomonas spp. whose concentration was high from May to Aug. Dominant algal genera (>>7,000 cells $mL^{-1}$) in Paldang reservoir were Aulacoseira, Cyclotella, Microcystis, and Cryptomonas spp. Microcystis and Anabaena occurred during the summer season. Many different green algal genera were found in Paldang reservoir but their abundances were very low. There were some significant correlations (r>0.3, p<0.05) between algal taxa and water quality; diatoms and water temperature, TP:blue-green algae and water temperature, pH, DO saturation, COD, TP; green algae and water temperature, pH, DO saturation, COD, SS, TP. Furthermore, algal genera and water quality was significantly correlated (r>0.3, p<0.05) ; Aulacoseira and TN, TP; Anabaena and water temperature, DO saturation, COD, TP : Microcystisand water temperature, pH, DO saturation, TP; Coelastrum and COD, SS; Scenedesmus and water temperature, COD, TN, TP; Cryptomonas and DO saturation, TN. In Paldang reservoir, the water temperature had relatively big effect on blue-green algal bloom that was also dependant upon its hydrologic condition.