• Korea Trade Review
• /
• v.47 no.4
• /
• pp.161-176
• /
• 2022

Most companies are achieving economic benefits by producing products in the form of bi-national products, but there are also negative consequences such as reduced brand power, so strategic bi-national product planning and branding is essential. In order to actively reflect these practical needs, this study conducted a comprehensive and easy-to-generalize evaluation of Bi-national products that has been somewhat underdeveloped in previous studies. To this end, the selection and evaluation criteria of the products to be investigated were differentiated. This is to classify the products by place of use and the purpose of use so that the majority of bi-national products can be included, and then use the combination to derive the specific products to be evaluated for bi-national products. The evaluation of the product identified the phenomenon of psychological conflict among consumers due to the country of origin discrepancy at the level of decreasing brand authenticity. The above research design is an evaluation method that can encompass bi-national products as a whole, rather than an evaluation of a specific product or product line that is mainly reported in previous studies, and it is also very easy to apply to practice because it allows us to more carefully identify changes in psychological attitudes.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.169-194
• /
• 2016

This study aims to explain the cause of price differences of bi-national products based on consumer response of product type, distribution channel, and consumer nationality, respectively. Specifically this study investigated whether price discount and distribution channel affect consumer evaluation by luxury and non-luxury product type. In the case of bi-national product toward the non-luxury, price discount had positive influence on preference, regardless of distribution channel. By revealing the influence of price discount on bi-national products on consumer response of product type and distribution channel respectively, the study suggests meaningful implications for the strategic management of bi-national products.

• Korea Trade Review
• /
• v.43 no.5
• /
• pp.67-91
• /
• 2018

A number of studies have been conducted on the evaluation of bi-national products, but studies that may be applied in practice are lacking. This study suggests several implications for bi-national products in the sub-market using a more specific approach than previous studies. To this end, this comprehensive comparative study reflects the purchasing routes, product category, and consumers' personal characteristics (regulatory focus, prior knowledge) of bi-national products. Results found the evaluation of bi-national products according to purchase routes showed that consumers in offline stores were more favorable than consumers in online stores. In comparison with product categories, necessities were more positive than luxury goods. On the other hand, according to consumer's personal characteristics, consumers with promotion focus tendency perceived brand preference more highly than consumers with preference focus tendency. Also, it was found that groups with high prior knowledge had a positive evaluation of products compared to low knowledge groups.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.439-469
• /
• 2006

Intrinsic product of intuitionistic fuzzy sets are considered. Using this, characterizations of intuitionistic fuzzy subrings/ideals are discussed. The notions of intuitionistic fuzzy quasi ideals and intuitionistic fuzzy bi-ideals are introduced. Characterizations of regular rings are provided.

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.53-59
• /
• 2012

In this study, behaviors of removing Sb and Pb by oxidation of molten Bi-Pb-Sb alloy which is a by-product of non-ferrous smelting process was investigated. The molten alloy was oxidized at 1173 K by bubbling $N_2+O_2$ gas through a submerged nozzle. The Sb was removed and recovered as mixed phase of $Sb_2O_3$ and metal Sb. In the case of bubbling $N_2+O_2$ gas into molten Bi-Pb alloy at 923 K, Pb was oxidized and removed to slag. But Bi could not be refined due to simultaneous oxidization of Bi with Pb.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.143-154
• /
• 2015

Characterizations of hesitant fuzzy left (right) ideals are considered. The notion of hesitant fuzzy (generalized) bi-ideals is introduced, and related properties are investigated. Relations between hesitant fuzzy generalized bi-ideals and hesitant fuzzy semigroups are discussed, and characterizations of (hesitant fuzzy) generalized bi-ideals and hesitant fuzzy bi-ideals are considered. Given a hesitant fuzzy set $\mathcal{H}$ on a semigroup S, hesitant fuzzy (generalized) bi-ideals generated by $\mathcal{H}$ are established.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.193-212
• /
• 2017

In order to evaluate the evaluation of bi-national products, this study was classified according to product category similarity. In addition, by comparing the types of stores, we tried to suggest alternatives that can be practically applied to companies producing composite origin products. For this purpose, this study is applied to the analysis of bi-national product by product categories, such as public luxury, public luxury, private luxury, and private necessity, based on the psychological bases of consumers. The types of stores are divided into department store/direct store, outlet/discount store to elaborate measurement. As a result of the verification, it was found that brand evaluation and store evaluation had interactive effects depending on product type and store type. Specifically, in the case of public luxury goods, outlets/discount stores in both brand evaluation and store evaluation showed positive evaluation than department store/direct store. In the case of private necessity, there was no significant difference in brand evaluation, but in store evaluation, department store/direct store was confirmed that they had a relatively positive evaluation than outlets/discount stores. As a result, it was verified that consumers' evaluations can be changed according to the type of sales store for each product.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
• /
• 2018.10a
• /
• pp.633-635
• /
• 2018

최근 소셜 커머스 데이터를 이용하여 상품에 대한 소비자들의 수요와 선호도 등을 조사하는 등의 감성분석 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 Stacked Bi-LSTM-CRF 모델을 이용하여 한국어의 복합적인 형태로 이루어지는 감성표현에 대하여 어휘단위로 감성분석을 진행하고, 상품의 세부주제(특징, 관심키워드 등)를 추출하여 세부주제별 감성 분석을 할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.59 no.6
• /
• pp.41-57
• /
• 2009

Evaluations of fashion products are often influenced by consumers' knowledge of the country where the products were made in. As globalization progresses, country-of-origin information is widely regarded as a powerful cue on consumers' shopping behavior. The purpose of study was to examine the consumer evaluation of apparel products with uni-national or bi-national country of origin. The effect of price level and gender were also investigated. The empirical research design took 2${\times}$2 factorial design with the country-of-origin coincidence (uni-national vs. bi-national) and price (high vs. low) of gender (male vs. female). Consumers' ethnocentrism and country-of-origin interest were taken into account as covariates in the factorial design. The consumers' evaluation of fashion products was measured in terms of brand attitudes and product attitudes. Data from 514 respondents were analyzed with t-test, one-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA, and ANCOVA. Results of this study affirmed the importance of price information rather than country-of-origin coincidence in brand attitudes and product attitudes. Only for male consumers, interaction effects of price and country-of-origin coincidence had significant eflects on utilitarian attitude. Effects of two covariate variables included in the study were significant for female respondents but not for male respondents.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.41-45
• /
• 2023

Currently, the method of loading items in the warehouse, the worker directly decides the loading location, and the most used method is to load the product at the location closest to the entrance. This can be effective when there is no difference in the required amount for goods, but when there is a difference in the required amount for goods, it is inefficient because items with a small required amount are loaded near the entrance and occupy the corresponding space for a long time. Therefore, in order to minimize the release time of goods, it is essential to select an appropriate location when loading goods. In this study, a method for determining the loading location by predicting the required amount of goods was studied to select the optimal loading location. Deep learning based bidirectional long-term memory networks (Bi-LSTM) was used to predict the required amount for goods. This study compares and analyzes the release time of goods in the conventional method of loading close to the entrance and in the loading method using the required amount for goods using the Bi-LSTM model.