• Journal of Life Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.206-213
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• 2003

This study was conducted to estimate volatile compounds in pericarp of Zanthoxylum piperitum DC (Chopi). Chopi which harvested on lune 2, July 14 and September 11 in 2001 was dried at room temperature for one week. Fifty-two, 47, and 44 volatile compounds were analyzed with GC-MS in pericarp harvested on lune 2, July 14 and September 11, respectively. Eight terpenes including myrcene, ${\gamma}$-terpinene, $\alpha$-terpinolene, $\alpha$-phellandrene and $\beta$-caryophyllene were detected in pericarp harvested on tulle 2 and July 14, but not $\alpha$-phellandrene and $\beta$-caryophyllene in pericarp harvested on September 11. Thirteen alcohols or terpene alcohols including linalool L and citronellol were detected in pericarp harvested on lune 2, and added cis-linallol oxide and piperitol isomer in pericarp harvested on July 14 and September 11. Three aldehydes or terpene aldehydes were not affected by degree of maturation, but citronellal was increased in pericarp harvested on September 11. Five volatile compounds of ketones containing cryptone and piperitone were detected, and their concentration was changed during maturation. Six esters including lavandulyl acetate and $\alpha$-terpinenyl acetate were detected in pericarp harvested on lune 2, and [(E)-6,7-ephoxy-3,7-dimethyl-2-octenyl]ester of acetic acid was added in pericarp harvested on July 14 and September 11. Seven hydrocarbons including $\delta$-cadinene and neopentylidene cyclohexane were detected in pericarp harvested on June 2 and $\alpha$-muurolene was newly added in pericarp harvested on July 14 and September 11. We suggest that kinds and concentration of volatile compounds in pericarp were remarkably different from those in mature stage.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.124-129
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• 2004

The composition of essential oils isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia iwayomogi Kitamura and Artemisia capillaris Thunberg collected from two diffenent cultivation area, respectively, was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Sixty components were identified in oils from A. iwayomogi. The major components of A. iwayomogi oil collected from one area (Sample A) were iso-pinocamphone (31.64%), 1,8-cineo1e (21.55%), ${\beta}-pinene$ (4.46%), pinocarvone (3.72%), myrtenal (3.42%) and trans-pinocarve1 (3.14%), and the major components of the oil from the other area (Sample B) were camphor (26.99%), 1,8-cineo1e (21.55%), ${\alpha}-terpineol$ (7.63%), borneol (4.10%), camphene (3.97%) and artemisia ketone (3.84%). Eighty components were identified in oils from A. capillaris. The major components were capillene $(26.01{\sim}30.31%)$, ${\beta}-pinene(8.55{\sim}18.38%)$, ${\beta}-caryophyllene(8.80{\sim}13.70%)$, ${\beta}-himachalene(1.67{\sim}5.57%)$, $cis,trans- {\alpha}-farnesene(2.10{\sim}7.38%)$ and germacrene D $(2.27{\sim}5.46%)$ and there was no difference in oil composition of A. capillaris between two cultivation area.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.114-120
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• 1998

The present study was carried out to investigate the changes in essential oil contents as a part of searching the changes in active components in the graft cultivation of A. senticosus. To increase the yield of aerial parts and the contents of active components of Acanthopanax senticosus, scions of A. senticosus were grafted on different rootstocks. As a result, the contents of calarene, ${\alpha}-beramotene$ and spathulenol increased, but cis-caryophyllene and epizonarene contents decreased. ${\beta}-pinene$, ${\beta}-myrcene$, 2,5,5 -trimethyl-1, 3, 6-heptatriene and ${\beta}-elemene$ were not detected in the leaves of grafted A. senticosus. Essential oils from stems did not differ with the methods of cultivation. Oil contents of 3-year-old plants were higher than those of 1-year-old plants, whereas ${\alpha}-bergamotene$ content(27%) was highest in the stem of grafted A. senticosus(27%). Ethylbenzene, 2-furancarboxaldehyde, M134 $(t_R=2.11)$ and M205 $(t_R=3.16)$ disappeared in the roots of A. senticosus var. subinermis, but 6,6-dimethyl-3-methylenebicycloheptane, M166 $(t_R=1.82)$, and (+) -aromadendrene and ${\beta}-bisabolene$ were newly found.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.840-847
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• 2010

In this study, we identified the volatile compounds of Artemisia princeps Pampan. cv. ssajuari (ssajuarissuk) essential oils and analyzed changes in the contents of volatile compounds under four different storage conditions, such as exposure to air at $20^{\circ}C$ and $40^{\circ}C$. Sixty-five volatile compounds consisting of 6 monoterpene hydrocarbons, 23 oxygenated monoterpenes, 16 sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, 6 oxygenated sesquiterpenes, 1 diterpene, 6 benzene derivatives, and 7 non-isoprenoid compounds were identified on the basis of their mass spectra characteristics and retention indices from original ssajuarissuk essential oils. Identified compounds constituted 90.56% of the total peak area. Borneol (10.29%) was the most abundant compound in the original ssajuarissuk essential oils, followed by 1,8-cineole (9.06%), viridiflorol (8.99%), spathulenol (8.73%), $\alpha$-thujone (5.28%), and camphor (4.39%). After six months storage at $40^{\circ}C$ with the cap opened for 3 min everyday, the total amount of volatile compounds in essential oil as determined by the percentage peak area decreased by 84.93%. The total levels of cis-sabinene hydrate, camphor, 4-terpineol, humulene oxide, $\beta$-caryophyllene oxide, and caryophyllene alcohol increased significantly. For ssajuarissuk essential oils stored under experimental conditions, changes in the contents of volatile compounds in essential oils were accelerated by temperature and contact with the atmosphere.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.226-231
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• 2016

The present GC-MS analysis elucidated the composition of the essential oil obtained from the herb of Elsholtzia ciliata(Lamiaceae). Overall, the content of monoterpenes was higher than that of sesquiterpenes. Monoterpenes rich in this oil were carvone (peak area, 26.180%), camphor (2.304%), borneol (9.974%), dihydrocarveol (3.296%), ${\alpha}$-citral (=geranial, 4.025%), geranic acid (2.961%), while sesquiterpenes occupying relatively higher percentage were ${\alpha}$-humulene (0.918%), (-)-spathulenol (0.974%), ${\alpha}$-caryophyllene oxide (2.014%), globulol (1.362%), ${\beta}$-caryophyllene oxide (0.750%). The components characterizing this oil were 1-octen-3-ol, acetophenone, and butylated hydroxytoluene. The $IC_{50}$ of this oil on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) were $42.37{\mu}g/ml$ and $121.34{\mu}g/ml$, respectively, suggesting that the essential oil of E. ciliata may be active on the memory loss of patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 1997

Volatile components of green tea were isolated by purge and trap headspace method and were analyzed by GC and GC/MSD. And ten headspace volatiles were compared with volatiles isolated by simultaneous distillation-extraction(SDE) method. A total of 99 components were identified in the green tea volatile components, from which 88 components were identified in the headspace volatiles, contained 20 alcohols, 30 hydrocarbons, 21 aldehydes, 10 ketones, 2 acids and 5 miscellaneous components. The major components were low boiling components, such as methyl butanal(3.1%), 1-penten-3-ol(5.48%), 2-penten-1-ol(2.89%), hexanal(5.77%), heptanal(1.90%), and ere 2,4-eptadienal(4.28%), linalool(2.27%), 2,6-dimethyl cyclohexanol(2.57%), $\alpha$-pinene(1.52%), caryophyllene(1.70%), and carbonyl compounds, such as $\alpha$-ionone(2.62%), $\beta$-ionone(2.98%), $\beta$-cyclocitral(2.0%). On the other hand SDE volatiles, from which 64 components were identified, contained 16 alcohols, 16 ydrocarbons, 15 aldehydes, 10 ketones, 3 acids and 4 miscellaneous components. The major components were alcohols, such as, benzyl alcohol(3.79%), linalool(9.52%), terpineol(2.16%), geraniol(2.75%), nerolidol(6.50%), ketones, such as $\alpha$-ionone(1.77%), $\beta$-ionone(4.80%), geranyl acetone(1.82%) and acids, such as hexanoic acid(1.45%), nonanoic acid(1.11%).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.1411-1418
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• 2012

The objective of the present study was to investigate the relationships between terpenes… intake and their presence in animal tissues (blood and milk) as well as in the final product (cheese). Eight dairy goats were divided in two balanced groups, representing control (C) and treatment (T) group. In T group oral administration of a mixture of terpenes (${\alpha}$-pinene, limonene and ${\beta}$-caryophyllene) was applied over a period of 18 d. Cheese was produced, from C and T groups separately, on three time points, twice during the period of terpenes… oral administration and once after the end of experiment. Terpenes were identified in blood by extraction using petroleum ether and in milk and cheese by the use of solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) method, followed by GC-MS analysis. Chemical properties of the milk and the produced cheeses were analyzed and found not differing between the two groups. Limonene and ${\alpha}$-pinene were found in all blood and milk samples of the T group after a lag-phase of 3 d, while ${\beta}$-caryophyllene was determined only in few milk samples. Moreover, none of the terpenes were traced in blood and milk of C animals. In cheese, terpenes' concentrations presented a more complicated pattern implying that terpenes may not be reliable feed tracers. We concluded that monoterpenes can be regarded as potential feed tracers for authentification of goat milk, but further research is required on factors affecting their transfer.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.168-173
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• 1994

Contents of essential oil and its composition in aerial part of Agastache rugosa were investigated. Essential oil was obtained from the dried stems, leaves and flowers by steam distillation and fractionated into hydrocarbon and oxygenated hydrocarbon by silica gel column chromatography. Each isolate or fraction was identified by GC and GC-MS. The contents of essential oil were 0.29% in leaves of Agastache rugosa on dry basis, 0.38% in flowers. Major components were ${\beta}-caryophyllene(59.3%)$, limonene(13.1%), ${\delta}-cadinene(10.7%)$ among 13 kinds of components confirmed in hydrocarbon fraction of essential oil isolated from leaves. Also, major components in oxygenated hydrocarbon fraction were methyl chavicol (79.1%) and cis-3(1-propenyl) phenol(4.5%) among 44 kinds components confirmed. The highest content among the components identified was methyl chavicol in both leaves and flowers. On the other hand, limonene, trans-2-hexenal, 1-octen-3-one, 6, 10, 14- trimethyl pentadecane- 2-one and phytol were detected typically in leaves, but jasmone and ${\rho}-methoxyacetophenone$ were detected mainly in flowers with small quantity.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.22 no.6 s.96
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• pp.768-773
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• 2006

The aroma components of german chamomile tea in Europe and kukwha (Chrysanthemum boreale Makino) tea in Korea belonging to genus chrysanthemum were analyzed and compared. The volatile components of chamomile tea and kukwha tea were collected by a simultaneous steam distillation-solvent extraction method (SDE). The extracted components were analyzed gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Forty-six compounds, including cubebene(14.59%), ${\beta}$-elememe(4.88%) and ${\delta}$-cadinol(1.54%) were identified in chamomile tea. Forty-five compounds including santalol(6.25%), bomyl acetate(3.47%), farnesene(3.37%), 1,8-nonadiene (2.80%), caryophyllene oxide(2.77%) and thymol (2.16%) were identified in kukwha tea. Twenty-two compounds including 4-terpineol, ${\alpha}$-terpineol, thymol, phenylacetaldehyde, V-terpinene were found in both samples.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.5 s.85
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• pp.619-624
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• 2007

Species of genus Acanthopanax(Araliaceae) are long-lived trees primarily distributed throughout East Asia. These species are regarded as medically and ecologically important in Korea. A variety of Cheongsong in Korea is one of these cultivated varieties, however this variety is much longer(>100 years) than those of other cultivated groups. The components of variety of Acanthopanax in Cheongsong were analyzed for the first time and were compared to those of all Acanthopanax taxa in Korea. Nineteen components were specific to variety in Cheongsong. The main components of this variety were $\beta$-caryophyllene, hexadecanoic acid and ethyl stearate. Although some components are differ from each other, variety Cheongsong was similar to A. senticosus at phonetic topology with content of the chemicals, In addition, six species of genus Acanthopanax were investigated to compare the major chemical components by GC-MS.