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Decoding Brain States during Auditory Perception by Supervising Unsupervised Learning

  • Porbadnigk, Anne K.;Gornitz, Nico;Kloft, Marius;Muller, Klaus-Robert
    • Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.112-121
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    • 2013
  • The last years have seen a rise of interest in using electroencephalography-based brain computer interfacing methodology for investigating non-medical questions, beyond the purpose of communication and control. One of these novel applications is to examine how signal quality is being processed neurally, which is of particular interest for industry, besides providing neuroscientific insights. As for most behavioral experiments in the neurosciences, the assessment of a given stimulus by a subject is required. Based on an EEG study on speech quality of phonemes, we will first discuss the information contained in the neural correlate of this judgement. Typically, this is done by analyzing the data along behavioral responses/labels. However, participants in such complex experiments often guess at the threshold of perception. This leads to labels that are only partly correct, and oftentimes random, which is a problematic scenario for using supervised learning. Therefore, we propose a novel supervised-unsupervised learning scheme, which aims to differentiate true labels from random ones in a data-driven way. We show that this approach provides a more crisp view of the brain states that experimenters are looking for, besides discovering additional brain states to which the classical analysis is blind.

Linear shell elements for active piezoelectric laminates

  • Rama, Gil;Marinkovic, Dragan Z.;Zehn, Manfred W.
    • Smart Structures and Systems
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    • v.20 no.6
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    • pp.729-737
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    • 2017
  • Piezoelectric composite laminates are a powerful material system that offers vast options to improve structural behavior. Successful design of piezoelectric adaptive structures and testing of control laws call for highly accurate, reliable and numerically efficient numerical tools. This paper puts focus onto linear and geometrically nonlinear static and dynamic analysis of smart structures made of such a material system. For this purpose, highly efficient linear 3-node and 4-node finite shell elements are proposed. Both elements employ the Mindlin-Reissner kinematics. The shear locking effect is treated by the discrete shear gap (DSG) technique with the 3-node element and by the assumed natural strain (ANS) approach with the 4-node element. Geometrically nonlinear effects are considered using the co-rotational approach. Static and dynamic examples involving actuator and sensor function of piezoelectric layers are considered.

Exercise and Physical Activity in Mental Disorders: Clinical and Experimental Evidence

  • Zschucke, Elisabeth;Gaudlitz, Katharina;Strohle, Andreas
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.46 no.sup1
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    • pp.12-21
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    • 2013
  • Several epidemiological studies have shown that exercise (EX) and physical activity (PA) can prevent or delay the onset of different mental disorders, and have therapeutic benefits when used as sole or adjunct treatment in mental disorders. This review summarizes studies that used EX interventions in patients with anxiety, affective, eating, and substance use disorders, as well as schizophrenia and dementia/mild cognitive impairment. Despite several decades of clinical evidence with EX interventions, controlled studies are sparse in most disorder groups. Preliminary evidence suggests that PA/EX can induce improvements in physical, subjective and disorder-specific clinical outcomes. Potential mechanisms of action are discussed, as well as implications for psychiatric research and practice.

Electrolytic Treatment Of Dilute Zinc And Cadmium Containing Aqueous Solutions (희석아연과 카드미늄을 함유한 수용액에서의 전해처리)

  • Kammel, Roland;Avci, Esref;Lieber, Hans Wilhelm
    • Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.87-97
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    • 1983
  • 석출전위가 낮은 금속들을 저농도용액에서 전기분해하여 회수하는 방법에 대해 아연과 카드뮴을 모델로 삼아 채취방법을 연구하였다. Hull cell과 hyperbolic twin cell에서 시험해서 전류밀도와 효율이 낮기 때문에 기존방법으로는 회수속도가 매우 느린 것을 알 수 있었다. 전해 채취조건을 좋게 하기 위해서는 음극의 표면적을 크게 하고 흔들어 주며, 또 전해액을 강제 순환시켜 물질이동이 잘 되도록 해야만 한다. Rotating tubular bed reactor 나 impact rod reactor 같은 전해조를 사용하여 여러 종류의 용액 중의 아연과 카드뮴 전해 채취 실험을 하였다. 특히 카드뮴의 잔류농도를 낮추기 위해서는 전해법과 이온교환법을 같이 사용하는 것이 유용하다. 새로운 방법의 처리비용과 기존방법의 처리비용을 비교하여 보았다.

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Finite element model updating - Case study of a rail damper

  • Kuchak, Alireza Jahan Tigh;Marinkovic, Dragan;Zehn, Manfred
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • v.73 no.1
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    • pp.27-35
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    • 2020
  • In rail industry, noise reduction is a concern to decrease environmental pollution. The current study focuses on rail damper modeling and improvement of the model through validation with experimental results. Accurate modeling and simulation of rail dampers, specifically tuned rail dampers with layers interconnected by bolt joints, shall enable objective-oriented improvement of their design. In this work, to improve the damper model cone pressure theory is applied in the FE model and the sensitivity analysis is then applied to gradually improve the FE model. The improved model yields higher Modal Assurance Criterion (MAC) values and lower frequencies deviation.

Antifibrotic and Antioxidative Effect of Solanum lycopersicum in Liver fibrosis(Cirrhosis) induced Rats

  • Kim, Ki-Young;Oh, Se-Mi;Kim, Jin-Sook;Somasundaram, Rajan;Ruehl, Martin;Matthes, Burkhard
    • Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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    • 2003.10b
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    • pp.86.2-87
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    • 2003
  • Introduction: Liver fibrosis is defined unbalance of collagen metabolism, especially a stimulation of collagen synthesis and inhibition of collagen degradation, and antifibrotic effect is delaying or inhibition of new collagen synthesis and deposition in liver tissue. In this study, we investigated the antifibrotic and antioxidative effect of Solanum lycopersicum (SL) in liver fibrosis induced rats. Methods: : Rats were randomly divided in three groups (normal, CCl$_4$ and CCl$_4$-SL group) and were received 0.6 ml mixture of CCl$_4$ and olived oil (1:1 v/v) 3 times/week for 4 weeks except of the normal group. (omitted)

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