• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제17권1_2호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2010

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of ankle strategy exercise on balance ability in the women of octogenarians. Methods: Ankle strategy exercise group(n=14), leg strengthening exercise group(n=14) were measured an balance ability by Berg Balance Scale(BBS) scores and Balance Performance Monitor(BPM) at pre-intervention and post-intervention in 6weeks. Results: This study were summarized as follows : 1. The BBS scores, sway area, sway path length, sway maximum velocity of ankle strategy exercise group and leg strengthening exercise group were significantly different among the intervention period(p<.05). 2. The improvement of BBS scores, sway area, sway path length, sway maximum velocity were significantly different between ankle strategy exercise group and leg strengthening exercise group at in 6weeks(p<.05). Conclusion: Learned from the ankle strategy exercise could improve BBS scores, sway area, sway path length, sway maximum velocity and a balance for the women of octogenarians. Ankle strategy exercise need to be applied clinically for balance ability of the women of octogenarians.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.5087-5093
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• 2011

본 연구는 30명의 치매환자를 대상으로 균형반응 특성을 알아보고자 다음과 같이 실시하였다. 인지기능이 중등도와 중도인 환자로 나누어 인지 기능에 따른 균형과 감각상호작용(CTSIB), 균형수행력(BBS), 일상생활동작(BI)의 상관관계를 각각 측정하였다. 그 결과 치매환자의 균형과 감각상호작용(CTSIB)은 두 그룹 간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 중등도와 중도의 치매환자에서 균형수행력(BBS)은 중등도 $47.32{\pm}4.80$점, 중도 $43.09{\pm}4.18$점으로 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었으며(p<0.05), 일상생활동작에서도 중등도 $92.89{\pm}9.33$점, 중도 $76.82{\pm}6.81$점으로 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 치매환자의 인지기능, 균형수행력, 일상생활동작도 통계학적으로 유의한 상관관계가 있었다(p<0.05, p<0.01). 따라서 향후 치매환자를 위한 재활프로그램 개발이나 치매환자의 보호관리 시 기초자료로 이용 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2021

PURPOSE: Chronic low back pain is one of the main factors that affect the quality of life and cause problems of gait and balance in elderly people. This study investigated the correlation between the Oswestry disability index (ODI), Berg balance scale (BBS), and kinematic data measured while analyzing the gait of elderly people with chronic back pain. METHODS: A total of 29 subjects participated in this study. The ODI, BBS, and kinematic data of lower extremities were measured while walking. All data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficients and the significance was measured at .05. RESULTS: ODI had a significant correlation with 1, 13, and 14 items of BBS (p < .05), and left hip external rotation and right ankle abduction respectively in the stance and swing phase of gait (p < .01). 13 items of BBS had a significant correlation with the right ankle abduction in the stance phase of gait (p < .01). In addition, 14 items of BBS had a significant correlation with right and left ankle abduction in the stance and swing phase of gait (p < .01). CONCLUSION: While attempting to predict chronic low back pain and balance issues, it may be useful to check the right ankle abduction in the stance and swing phase of gait. In the future, it would be helpful if some simple tests could be designed to assess balance in elderly people with chronic low back pain.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.195-204
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• 2020

Purpose: The study investigated the effect of combined balance exercise using visual feedback and balance pads in rehabilitation of chronic stroke patients. Methods: The participants were 30 patients diagnosed with stroke who met the study selection criteria. Participants were randomly divided into 3 groups of 10: a balance pad exercise (BPE) group, a visual feedback exercise (VFE) group, and a combined balance exercise (CBE) group. All three groups engaged in 30 minutes of exercise, 3 times per week, for 6 weeks. Results: Pre-test and post-test results were analyzed using the functional reach test (FRT), the Berg balance scale (BBS), the timed up & go test (TUG), and the Korean version of the activities-specific balance confidence (K-ABC) scale. The study yielded the following results. Pre- and post-program FRT measures showed significant differences between the BPE and CBE groups (p < 0.05). BBS, TUG, and K-ABC scores showed clear differences in all three groups. Secondly, the CBE group and the BPE group a differed significantly on the BBS before and after the 6-week program (p < 0.05). Finally, the CBE group and the VFE group differed significantly on the BBS before and after the 6-week program (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The study results indicate that combined balance exercise improves balance more effectively than the balance pad and visual feedback exercises. This finding should help to improve rehabilitation in the future.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.143-151
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• 2024

Objective: This study aims to assess the test-retest reproducibility of the Short Form Berg Balance Scale (SF-BBS) and the Short Form Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke (SF-PASS) among chronic stroke survivors, focusing on their reliability for consistent measurements over time. Design: A cross-sectional study design Methods: Thirty chronic stroke survivors participated in this study, undergoing evaluations with SF-BBS and SF-PASS scales at two different points, separated by a seven-day interval. The analysis focused on test-retest reliability, employing statistical measures such as the Intra-Class Coefficient (ICC_2,1), Standard Error of Measurement (SEM), Minimal Detectable Change (MDC), and MDC%, the Bland-Altman plot to assess the limits of agreement and the extent of random measurement error. Results: The study found notable test-retest reproducibility for both SF-BBS and SF-PASS, with ICC values demonstrating strong reliability (0.932 to 0.941, with a confidence interval of 0.889 to 0.973). SEM values for SF-BBS and SF-PASS were reported as 1.34 and 0.61, respectively, indicating low measurement error. MDC values of 3.71 for SF-BBS and 1.69 for SF-PASS suggest that the scales have an acceptable level of sensitivity to change, with reliability metrics falling below 20% of the maximum possible score. Conclusions: The findings suggest that both SF-BBS and SF-PASS exhibit high intra-class correlation coefficients, indicating strong test-retest reliability. The SEM and MDC values further support the scales' reproducibility and reliability as tools for evaluating mobility and dynamic balance in chronic stroke survivors. Therefore, these scales are recommended for clinical use in this population, providing reliable measures for assessing progress in rehabilitation.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2011

The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between physical impairments and daily activities on the basis of the outcome measurements in stroke patients. Seventy-six stroke patients participated in this study. Two physical therapists evaluated 3 clinical common measurements, i.e., the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and the Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Multiple regression analysis was used, as the dependent variables were the BBS and FIM; the independent variables were post-stroke duration, FMA of Upper Extremity (FMU), and FMA of Lower Extremity (FML). In the regression equation of the BBS, the coefficient of determination ($R^2$) was .383, and the FML was found to be the most important variable for determining the BBS score. In the regression equation of the FIM, $R^2$ was .531, and the FML was found to be the most important variable for determining the FIM. These results suggest that there is a need to determine the function of activities on the basis of the physical impairments of stroke patients. More variable measurement tools on the levels of body function and structure, as well as activity limitations are required.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.45-54
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• 2018

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Action-observational training program on gait and balance of patients with hemiplegia. Method : The subjects of this study are patients with hemiplegia; 10 patients who agreed with this research, were picked up. Participants were divided randomly into equal groups: experimental group that applied to action-observation training for at least 30 minutes/day for 6 weeks and control group that underwent general task-oriented training. Gait and balance were measured 10 meter walk test(10MWT), gait speed, berg balance scale(BBS) and timed up and go(TUG). The intervention were compared by measuring before and after. Result : There were significant improvements in the subscales of the gait and balance test of those who practiced with the Action-observational training program, while the control group showed no significant changes. Conclusion : Therefore, Action-observational training program is effective in improvement of to improve the gait and balance in patients with hemiplegia.

• 대한임상전기생리학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2013

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of bobath treatment on the balance and gait in adult hemiplegia. Methods : The study was performed with patients of hemiparesis caused by cerebral stroke. The participants were based on random sampling method. The hemiplegia patient received Bobath therapy. Each rehabilitation program lasted 40 minutes a day, 5 days a week, for 6 weeks. Pertinent indicators Berg's balance scale (BBS), gait velocity, and static balance analysis were recorded before and after the programs, as well as every 2 weeks during the rehabilitation programs. Results : There was showed a significantly increase of BBS score. Static open and close showed statistically significant in interaction by time and groups. There was significant difference of gait velocity. Conclusion : These findings in this study that the Bobath therapy was effective therapy in improving dynamic balance and gait velocity.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2017

PURPOSE: The initiation of the trunk muscles in stroke patients is delayed because the muscles involved in reach arm are activated earlier than the trunk muscles. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of mobility, balance, and trunk control ability through selective trunk exercise (STE) in patients with chronic stroke. METHODS: A randomized pre-test and post-test control group design was initially used, with subjects randomly assigned to the STE group (n=15) and a control group (n=14). All groups underwent physical therapy based on the neuro-developmental therapy (NDT) for 30 minutes a day, five times per week for four weeks. Additionally, the STE group did the trunk exercise for 30 minutes a day, three times per week for four weeks. The timed up and go test (TUG), Berg balance scale (BBS), and trunk impairment scale (TIS) were used for assessment. RESULTS: The scores of the TUG, BBS, dynamic sitting balance subscale, and coordination subscale of TIS improved significantly in both groups but the improvement was more pronounced in the STE group (p<.05). This study showed a large effect on the scores of the TIS coordination subscale (d=.93) (p<.05), TIS dynamic balance subscale (d=.81) (p<.05), TUG (d=.75) (p<.05), and BBS (d=.73) (p<.05). CONCLUSION: The combined STE and NDT program showed improvements in measures of mobility, balance, and trunk control in chronic stroke patients. These results suggest that STE should be considered to be included in the treatment program for patients with chronic stroke.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.44-53
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• 2008

The purpose of this preliminary study was to develop a measurement for assessing risk factors for falling in community-dwelling elderly persons. Rasch analysis and principal component analysis were performed to examine whether items on the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC), assessing self-efficacy, and items on the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), assessing balance function, contribute jointly to a unidimensional construct in the elderly. A total of 35 elderly persons (4 men, 31 women) participated. In this study, each item of ABC (16 items) and BBS (14 items) was scored on a 5-point ordinal rating scale from 0 to 4. The initial Rasch and principal component analysis indicated that 3 of the ABC items and 2 of the BBS items were misfit for this study. These 5 items were excluded from further study. After combining ABC and BBS, Rasch and principal component analyses were examined and finally 23 items selected; 12 items from ABC, 11 items from BBS. The 23 combined ABC-BBC items were arranged in order of difficulty. The hardest item was 'walk outside on icy sidewalks' and the easiest item was 'pivot transfer'. Although structural calibration of each 5 rating scale categories was not ordered, the other three essential criteria of Linacre's optimal rating scale were satisfied. Overall, the ABC-BBS showed sound item psychometric properties. Each of the 5 rating scale categories appeared to distinctly identify subjects at different ability levels. The findings of this study support that the new ABC-BBS scale measure balance function and self-efficacy. It will be a clinically useful assessment of risk factors for falling in the elderly. However, the number of subjects was too small to generalize our results. Further study is needed to develop a new assessment considering more risk factors of falling in elderly.