• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.584-589
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• 2016

Objective : A rare subtype of meningioma, sclerosing meningioma is not included in the current World Health Organization classification of meningiomas and is classified into the category of other morphological variation subtypes. Sclerosing meningioma is often misdiagnosed to other non-benign meningioma or malignant neoplasm, so it is important to diagnose sclerosing type correctly. We analyzed the radiological and clinical characteristics of a series of sclerosing meningiomas. Methods : Twenty-one patients who underwent surgery in one institute with a histopathologically proven sclerosing meningioma were included from 2006 to 2014. Eighteen tumors were diagnosed as a pure sclerosing-type meningioma, and 3 as mixed type. Magnetic resonance image was taken for all patients including contrast enhancement image. Computed tomography (CT) scan was taken for 16 patients. One neuroradiologist and 1 neurosurgeon reviewed all images retrospectively. Results : In the all 16 patients with preoperative CT images, higher attenuation was observed in the meningioma than in the brain parenchyma, and calcification was observed in 11 (69%). In 15 of the 21 patients (71%), a distinctive very low signal intensity appeared as a dark color in T2-weighted images. Nine of these 15 tumors (60%) exhibited heterogeneous enhancement, and 6 (40%) exhibited homogeneous enhancement that was unlike the homogeneous enhancing pattern shown by conventional meningiomas. Ten patients had a clear tumor margin without peritumoral edema. Conclusion : Although these peculiar radiological characteristics are not unique to sclerosing meningioma, we believe that they are distinctive features that may be helpful for distinguishing sclerosing meningioma from other subtypes.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.8 s.265
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• pp.652-654
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• 2006

Lymphangioma is a developmental anomaly that is known to occur in the neck and axilla, and only rarely in the mediastinum, retroperitoneum, groin and pelvis. An isolated chest wall lymphangioma is a rare benign neoplasm. In case of large sized lymphangioma, surgical excision is preferably recommended as the treatment of choice. We operated on a three-year old female for excision of chest wall. In pathologic diagnosis, it diagnosed the mass as chest wall lymphangioma.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.787-791
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• 1998

Materials and methods: Between 1979 and 1996, 27 patients with primary cardiac tumor underwent surgery at Catholic University Medical College. Mean age of patient was 45.1${\pm}$3.03 ranging from 21 to 67 years old. Twenty-four cases were myxomas, 2 cases were chondrosarcoma, and remained case was angiosarcoma. Diagnosis was confirmed by echocardiography, cardiac angiography, CT scan, and MRI. The most common site of tumor origin was fossa ovalis limbus area(17cases:63%). A biatrial operative approach was commonly used in 15 cases and the tumor was removed through left atriotomy site. Complete excision of the tumor with a cuff of normal tissue was performed. All heart chambers were carefully explored for evidence of multicentric myxomas or other tumor debris. Most of the patients were improved on postoperative period compared to preoperative NYHA functional class. Results: There was one operative death due to low cardiac output syndrome. Follow up period was 3 months to 17 years. There was 2 late deaths due to local recurrences. Conclusion: complete surgical excion is important for increasing cure rate. Malignancy cannot be ruled out even though preoperative echocardiography suggests benign nature. Chest CT or MRI is effective for further evalution in addition to echocardiography. In suspicious of malignancy, more extensive resection is essential and postoperative chemotheraphy or radiotherapy is useful.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.799-803
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• 1998

Background: Tumors of the trachea are rare despite their histologic similarity to tumors of the main stem bronchus and lung. Materials and methods: Fourteen patients with tracheal tumor underwent surgical, radiational, or laser photocoagulation therapy from March 1981 to July 1996. Nine patients were malignant and five patients were benign. The most common malignant tumor was adenoid cystic carcinoma. Results: Age ranged from 10 to 65 years with mean age of 45.9 years. Most tumors were located middle and lower one-third of trachea. Surgery was done through collar incision, or collar incision with vertical partial sternal division, or left posterolateral thoracotomy, or sternal division with laryngeal release. Two patients died after operation, because of the disruption of anastomosis and airway obstruction,and laryngeal edema after suprahyoid release. Only one patient died after 8 month of diagnosis. The other patients were doing well during the follow-up period.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.763-768
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• 1996

This report is an analysis of 43 cases of primary mediastinal tumors and cysts which were treated in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Tae Jeon Eul li General Hospital from January, 1986 to April, 1995. There were 19 males and 24 females, and their ages ranged from 4 years to 68 years, with mean age of 31.3 years. The most common symptoms were dyspnea 48.8%, chest disconyort 39.5%, cough )4.9%, and chest pain 23.3%, and the most frequently encountered location of tumor was anterior mediastinum followed by posterior, and middle mediastinum. From the pathologic viewpoint, teratoma was the most frequent type followed by neurogenic tumors, cysts, thymoma, and Iymphoma. The most useful diagnostic method was plain X-ray examination of the chest, and final diagnosis could usually be made only after an operation. All of benign tumors were completely removed and malignant tumors were treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy after operation There were 7 (16.3 %) cases of postoperative complications, and there was no postoperative mortality.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.324-328
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• 1998

Esophageal hemangioma is an extremely rare benign tumor that causes dysphagia and massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Although certain abnormalities seen on a barium swallow esophagography or at endoscopy may suggest an esophageal hemangioma, a contrast CT and radionuclide angiography using a blood-pool radiopharmaceutical can characterize the intense vascularity of the tumor. We experienced the ase of a 7$\times$7$\times$3.5 cm in size giant cavernous hemangioma of the lower 1/3 of esophagus in a 40 year old man. A mural cavernous hemangioma was diagnosed with a barium swallowed esophagogaphy, endoscopy, and a contrast CT. It was treated successfully by transthoracic esophagectomy including the tumor and esophagogastrostomy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.268-271
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• 2009

Solitary plasmacytoma of bone is a rare disease that accounts for only about $3{\sim}5%$ of all plasma cell tumors. Especially, no case of solitary plasmacytoma of a rib origin has been described in the Korean literature. A 54 year old Korean man was referred to our hospital for further evaluation of a lung mass that had been detected on a screening chest radiograph. A tumor with a left 6th rib origin was revealed by the computed tomography(CT) and positive emission tomography (PET-CT); therefore, surgical resection was performed. The histopathological findings of the tumor revealed plasmacytoma of a rib origin. The postoperative screening test revealed no evidence of multiple myeloma. Postoperative radiation therapy was not performed, and no new lesion has been noted during the 2 years of follow up.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.126-130
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• 2004

Granular cell tumor is characterized by large eosinophilic cells with granular appearances. These are mostly benign. Approximately $1\sim2%$ are malignant, and establishment of reliable criteria for diagnosing malignant granular cell tumor has been difficult to establish because oi the rarify. Reports on the cytologic features of this neoplasm are hardly found in Korea. We report a case of rarely-occurring granular cell tumor in the lower leg of a 40-year-old male, diagnosed on fine needle aspiration cytology, together with a review of the literature regarding significant adverse histology and prognostic factors. The aspirates revealed cellular smears of isolated cells, syncytial clusters, and occasionally stripped nuclei in a nine, bluish-purple, granular background. Tumor cells were polygonal, rounded, or slightly spindled, and showed ill-defined granular cytoplasm. Nuclei were small and round or oval, with inconspicuous or small, prominent nucleoli. The nuclei showed rare intranuclear cytoplasmic invagination. Occasionally, there were mild to moderate nuclear pleomorphisms with vesicular nuclei, with large, prominent nucleoi, but no mitosis. The immunocytochemical stain for S-100 was strongly positive in the cytoplasm of tumor cells with occasional nuclei.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.436-440
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• 2007

Objective : Spinal cord hemangioblastoma is an uncommon vascular neoplasm with a benign nature and is associated with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease in 20-30% of patients. Total removal of these tumors without significant neurological deficit remains a great challenge. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of VHL mutation analysis and to evaluate surgical outcome of patients with spinal cord hemangioblastomas. Methods : This study included nine patients treated for spinal cord hemangioblastomas at our institute between December 1994 and March 2006. There were four male and five female patients. Mean age was 37.8 years. The mean follow-up period was 22.4 months. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the complete neuraxis was done in all cases and VHL mutation analysis was performed in three cases for a definite diagnosis. Results : Six patients had intramedullary tumor, and the remaining patients had intradural extramedullary lesions. Five patients were associated with VHL disease. The von Hippel-Lindau mutation analysis was done in three patients and two of them showed VHL gene abnormality. Tumors were located in the cervical cord in five cases and in the thoracic cord in four cases. All patients underwent surgical intervention, and total removal was achieved in six cases. All patients showed improvement or, at least, clinically stationary state. Surgical complications did not develop in any cases. Conclusion : Spinal hemangioblastoma in this series has been safely and effectively removed via a posterior approach. Postoperatively, clinical outcome was excellent in the majority of cases. The VHL mutation analysis was useful in patients with family history and in those with multiple hemangioblastomas.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2000

Objective : This study was undertaken to evaluate the benefits and risks of the stereotactic biopsy in brain lesions. We assessed the diagnostic accuracy and morbidity rate associated with the stereotactic biopsy. Methods : The authors present a review of 47 patients, who underwent stereotactic biopsy using Cosman-Roberts-Wells(CRW) stereotactic apparatus during last six years. Results : Target locations were supratentorial in 36 cases, infratentorial in 9 and multiple in 2. According to pathological diagnosis, the largest group was neoplasm(29) followed by infection(9), infarction(2), cyst(2), and non-specific(5). Definitive diagnosis could be made in 42 of 47 cases(89.4%). When the mass lesion had been suspected as neoplastic condition, the diagnostic rate was 96.7%(29/30). It was being much higher than that of non-neoplastic lesion, 76.5%(13/17). The treatment modality was changed in 15 cases(32%) because the result of stereotactic biopsy was different from clinical diagnosis. Subsequent craniotomy after stereotactic biopsy was then performed in 6 cases, and the pathological diagnoses were precisely coincident in all of these cases. There were two complications(4.3%) : One intratumoral hemorrhage in glioblastoma and a transient hemiparesis in benign astrocytoma. There was no mortality in this series. Conclusion : The precise histological verification is crucial to determine the adequate treatment modality in intracranial lesions. Stereotactic biopsy is a safe and accurate diagnostic procedure for intracranial lesions with a low complication rate.