• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.483-491
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the economic effect of the use of recycled aggregate on the construction industry and the effect of increasing the value of the recycled aggregate production industry on the premise of supporting quality assurance technology to promote the high-quality use of recycled aggregate. Accordingly, the production cost of ready-mixed concrete that can be obtained through the use of high-quality recycled aggregate is analyzed according to the recycled aggregate application rate recommended in the recycled aggregate quality standard, The economic effect of general ready-mixed concrete and recycled aggregate-applied rea dy-mixed concrete industry wa s a na lyzed by identifying the domestic rea dy-mixed concrete industry sca le a nd the ra te of satisfaction of recycled aggregate volume, and a cost-benefit analysis method was used to examine the benefits of high-quality recycled aggregate production and sales. As a result, the production cost of ready-mixed concrete is reduced by 2.3~16.2% depending on the application rate, the economic effect of the use of recycled aggregate on the construction industry is about 106.8~142.6 billion KRW, and the effect of increasing the value of the recycled aggregate production industry generated about 1.22 times the benefit.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.139-154
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• 2022

Purpose - This study aims to analyzing of solar power generation cost-benefit. Design/methodology/approach - We analyzed whether there is economic feasibility by selecting parking lots and idle sites located in four areas of Seoul, Gyeonggi, Chungcheong, Jeolla, and Gyeongsang areas nationwide, and analyzing site conditions and installation capacity. Findings - According to the results of the analysis, it was found that there is low profitability in Seoul, Gyeonggi and Chungcheong regions, where the solar radiation was not excellent even if REC is selected through the contract market. However, it is necessary to analyzed the economical validity the profitable validity including environmental benefits (greenhouse gas reduction, NOx, SOx reduction effect) and social benefits (renewable power supply) that is analyzed by income and operating costs which is occurred from electricity sales and REC sales when installing solar power generation facilities. Research implications or Originality - In this study, economic feasibility was evaluated additionally in consideration of environmental and social benefits. In conclusion, it was shown that businesses are not economical when considering only simple financial aspects are also sufficiently economical when it is considering environmental and social benefits.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.111-118
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• 2008

Purpose: Neonatal screening tests are increasingly being used forearly diagnosis of inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) in the hope of avoiding the severe developmental delay, acute illness, and death that may result from these diseases. In this study, a cost-benefit analysis was performed on the neonatal screening of maple syrup urine disease, homocystinuria, galactosemia, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia in Korea. Materials and Methods: This study included 1,259,220 Korean newborns born between January 2005 to December 2007, who were screened for maple syrup urine disease, homocystinuria, galactosemia, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. We calculated and compared the total costs in cases where these four screening tests were implemented, and those where they were not. Results: There were no benefits to screening for maple syrup urine disease or homocystinuria due to their low prevalence for these two tests, the costs exceeded the benefits at benefit:cost ratios of 0.5:1 and 0.6:1, respectively. In contrast, benefits far exceed costs at a ratio of 4.1:1 for galactosemia and 2.9:1 for congenital adrenal hyperplasia. The average benefit:cost ratio for all four tests was 2.0:1. Conclusion: Neonatal screening tests for maple syrup urine disease, homocystinuria, galactosemia, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia are financially viable.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.225-235
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• 2021

To attain the long-term benefits of forest restoration in North Korea, it is important to present the economic value of reforestation. This study as aimed to evaluate the economic value based on cost-benefit analysis from the ecosystem services perspective. The benefits of reforestation were classified into ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration, water supply, soil erosion control, and disaster risk reduction, and were converted into economic values to calculate comprehensive benefits. In the forest restoration scenario, an "independent forest restoration scenario (IFS)" and a "cooperation-based forest restoration scenario (CFS)" were composed in consideration of recent afforestation performance and forest policy, and the difference in the quantity of afforestation was derived as a scenario despite the same restoration period. In the IFS, it is estimated that over the next two decades, 800 thousand ha of the forest will be restored at a cost of KRW 3,829 billion, resulting in a benefit of KRW 6.87 trillion. The present benefit net value is KRW 3,39 trillion. In the CFS, it is estimated that the benefits of KRW 18,890 billion will be generated by restoring 2.2 million ha of the forest at a cost of KRW 10,053 billion. The present benefit net value is KRW 8,359 billion. In both scenarios, BCR had an economic feasibility value greater than 1, but there was a big difference in the expected benefits. In conclusion, forest restoration can have higher benefits than cost, and its value could be enhanced through forest cooperation.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.44-51
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• 2001

To account for uncertainties involved in an economic analysis of project, sensitivity analysis are usually being done in Korea. Though useful for policy analysis, but it larks explicit consideration of probability of occurring certain events considered in the sensitivity analysis. Risk analysis otherwise can explicitly account for the probability of certain event which has dire impact on project viability, such as cost, discount rate, and size of benefit. This paper reports experience of applying risk analysis method for economic evaluation of railroad investment. Probability distribution of event has paramount impact on the risk analysis results, while not many prior researches dealt with these issues. Probability distribution of rolling stock cost and operating cost, in addition to those cost variables, are developed considering railway demand in this study. Case study results are reported. Issues in applying risk analysis are reported in addition to further research direction.

• Clean Technology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.168-176
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• 2020

The introduction of the Korea toxics use reduction (TUR) program to build a clean society is generally evaluated based on social economic criteria. Among various techniques, benefit-cost analysis is the most commonly used. This method is focused on the calculation and comparison of all the benefits and costs attributable to the TUR program. However, since it is reasonable to consider not only economic criteria but also policy criteria in the process of evaluation, it is necessary to reflect on the criteria weights found in the benefits and costs. This study aims at developing a new evaluation technique to achieve this purpose and apply it to the Korean TUR program to be implemented in 2020. This study selected competitiveness, toxic substances' emission reduction ratio, and health improvement as policy criteria. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique was initially used to calculate the weight and then, based on the results, the concept of information entropy introduced by Claude Shannon was used to eliminate subjective bias. As a result of the study, it was found that the revised benefit-cost analysis considering the weights of the policy criteria, as well as the existing economic criteria, could be a reasonable alternative in evaluating the feasibility of TUR regulations for highly toxic substances.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.137-149
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• 1994

The objective of study is to evaluate the effect of speed control hump on traffic operation and accidents. Three sites were investigated for the change of traffic accidents before and after the hump installation. Vehicle speeds approaching the hump were also analyzed. The study revealed that not only the number of traffic accidents but also the accident severity were significantly reduced by the installation of hump. Further, different types of traffic accidents with lower severity were observed after the hump installation. For the effect of speed reduction by hump, it was found that the speeds observed at 15m upstream of hump were in the range of 36~50 percent of approaching speeds which were not affected by (ie, without) the hump. Economic analysis of hump installation showed the benefit-cost ratio of 4.3 and 11.2 at two sites. Further analysis revealed that the benefit by the accident reduction exceeds the cost by speed reduction and installation capital if AADT is below 43,150 vehicles on two lane highways. It is recommended from the study that humps should be considered on two lane highways of high accident locations for excessive speeds to reduce traffic accidents and severity.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.54-83
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• 2002

Korea's recent attempt to separate prescription and dispensation of pharmaceuticals suffers serious, negative side effects. The interned-based prescription delivery system is being considered a supportive tool to alleviate such side effects. This paper conducts an economic evaluation of the system. We consider all possible types of pecuniary costs and benefits, from societal perspective, to conclude that nationwide adoption of the system would raise net social benefits by 5,892 billion won for the coming five years. Specifically, the net benefits would be distributed among consumers (5,667 billion won), pharmacies (216 billion won) and medical institutions (8 billion won). Net social benefits would be far mere enhanced by deregulation policies, such as removal of restrictions on electronic type prescription and home-delivery of dispensed drugs.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.115-132
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• 2008

This study raises the question about why do many international fisheries organizations or regional fisheries agreements come into existence, sustain, and develop prior to the internationally recognized institution such as United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea(UNCLOS). In oder to solve the problem, I will investigate the characteristics of fisheries as renewable resources and propose the collusion model where it is based on the cost-benefit analysis. Especially, if once a fooall large number of fishing is implemented, they are immediately depleted. Consequently they are extinct and no longer exploitable. Thus each interest nations or participants will be better off if they are cooperative and will be worse off if they are competitive or noncooperative in a resource management. Therefore, many of the internationally recognized fisheries institutions and agreements have been made and developed in these days.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.32-38
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• 2012

몽골은 석탄 매장량이 매우 풍부하고 석유연료를 전적으로 수입에 의존하기 때문에, 석탄액화플랜트 건설에 필요한 충분한 여건을 갖추고 있다. 본 연구에서는 몽골에 하루 10,000배럴의 석유연료를 생산할 수 있는 석탄액화플랜트를 건설할 경우에 대한 경제성분석을 수행한다. 먼저 기존에 있는 산업계의 석탄액화플랜트 프로젝트 데이터와 학계의 연구결과를 토대로 몽골 석탄액화플랜트 건설에 필요한 비용과 기대수명, 그리고 예상 수명기간 동안 운영했을 때 발생하는 운영비용과 소득을 추정한다. 추정된 비용과 소득을 이용하여 네 가지 시나리오(기본, 악화 1, 악화 2, 매우 악화) 하에서의 경제성 분석을 실시한다. 분석결과 투자수익률이 기본 시나리오에서는 45%에 가까우며, 가장 나쁜 시나리오에서도 5%보다 컸다. 이는 몽골 석탄액화플랜트 건설이 경제적으로 충분히 타당성이 있음을 나타낸다.