• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2019

Bending moments in the raft of a pile raft system is affected by pile-pile interaction and pile-raft interaction, amongst other factors. Three-Dimensional finite element program has to be used to evaluate these bending moments. Winkler type analysis is easy to use but it however ignores these interactions. This paper proposes a very simplified and novel method for finding bending moments in raft of a piled raft based on Winkler type where raft is supported on bed of springs considering pile-pile and pile-raft interaction entitled as "Winkler model for piled raft (WMPR)" The pile and raft spring stiffness are based on load share between pile and raft and average pile raft settlement proposed by Randolph (1994). To verify the results of WMPR, raft bending moments are compared with those obtained from PLAXIS 3D software. A total of sixty analysis have Performed varying different parameters. It is found that raft bending moments obtained from WMPR closely match with bending moments obtained from PLAXIS 3D. A comparison of bending moments ignoring any interaction in Winkler model is also made with PLAXIS-3D, which results in large difference of bending moments. Finally, bending moment results from eight different methods are compared with WMPR for a case study. The WMPR, though, a simple method yielded comparable raft bending moments with the most accurate analysis.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.51-55
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• 2003

Recently the requirements for light weight and high performance of the automobile have increased. Especially, the plastic fuel tube makers have made their efforts to dove]op the various plastic fuel tube module with not only dimensional accuracy but also cost competitiveness. The experiment is performed to investigate spring backs for PA12 plastic fuel tubes in case of compound bending. In the experiment, steam bending process is adopted as bending method. In this study, the results we obtained are used to design the bending fixtures and the compound bending system.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.22-32
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• 1998

This paper describes a research work of developing a computer-aided design of irregularly shaped-sheet metal product with bending and piercing operation for progressive working. An approach to the CAD system is based on the knowledge-based rules. Knowledge for the CAD system is formulated from plasticity theories, experimental results and the empirical knowledge of field experts. The system has been written in AutoLISP on the AutoCAD with a personal computer and is composed of five main modules, which are input and shape treatment, flat pattern-layout, production feasibility check, blank-layout, and strip-layout module. Based on knowledge-based rules, the system is designed by considering several factors, such as radius and angle of bend, material and thickness of product, complexities of blank geometry and punch profile, and availability of press. This system is capable of unfolding a formed sheet metal part to give flat pattern and automatically account for the adjustment of bend allowances to match tooling requirements by checking dimensions and the best utilization ratio of blank-layout within bending production feasibility area which is beyond ${\pm}30^{\circ}$ degrees intersecting angle between grain flow and bending edge line and which is suitable to progressive bending operation. Also the strip-layout drawing generated by a bending and a piercing operation according to punch profiles divided into automatically for external area of irregularly shaped-sheet metal product is displayed in graphic forms.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.829-832
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• 2000

This paper describes a research work of developing a computer-aided design of product with bending and piercing for progressive working. An approach to the CAD system is based on the knowledge-based rules. Knowledge fur the CAD system is formulated from plasticity theories, experimental results and the empirical knowledge of field experts. The system has been written in AutoLISP on the AutoCAD with a personal computer and is composed of three main modules, which are input and shape treatment, flat pattern layout and strip layout module. Based on knowledge-based rules, the system is designed by considering several factors, such as radius and angle of bend, material and thickness of product, complexities of blank geometry and punch profile, bending sequence, and availability of press. Strip layout drawing automatically generated by piercing with punch profiles divided into for external area is simulated in 3-D graphic forms, including bending sequences for the product with piercing and bending. Results obtained using the modules enable the manufacturer of electronic products to be more efficient in this field.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.77-81
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• 2015

In general, the gears of mixer reducer for concrete mixer truck make use of the differential type planetary gear system to rotate mixer drum smoothly on the initial conditions. The planetary gear system is very important part of mixer reducer for concrete mixer truck because of strength problem. In the present study, calculating the gear specifications and analyzing the gear bending & compressive stresses of the differential planetary gear system for mixer reducer are necessary to analyze gear bending and compressive stresses confidently, for optimal design of the planetary gear system in respect to cost and reliability. As a result, analyzing actual gear bending and compressive stresses of the planetary gear system using Lewes & Hertz equation and verifying the calculated specifications of the planetary gear system, evaluate the results with the data of allowable bending and compressive stress from the Stress-No. of cycles curves of gears.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.390-397
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• 2014

BO-105 헬리콥터는 무힌지 로터 허브시스템이 적용되었으며, 블레이드의 루트 영역이 무힌지 허브 시스템의 플렉셔에 해당한다. 따라서 본 블레이드를 이용한 훨타워 시험 수행을 대비하여 굽힘 강성이 낮은 플렉셔 부분에 대한 굽힘 강성 보강을 수행하였다. 플렉셔 굽힘 강성 보강 수행을 위해 플렉셔 부분의 단면 형상을 모델링하여 굽힘 강성을 계산하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 강성 보강을 위한 복합재의 두께를 선정하였다. 보강된 플렉셔의 실제 굽힘 강성을 확인하기 위하여 강성보강 전 형상에 대한 강성 측정 시험과 강성보강 이후 형상에 대한 강성 측정 시험을 수행하여 결과를 비교하였다.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.54-59
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• 1998

In order to minimize straightness error of deflected shafts, a automatically bending process control system is designed, fabricated, and studied. The multi-step straightening process and the three-point bending process are developed for the geometric adaptive straightness control. Load-deflection relationship, on-line identification of variations of material properties, on-line springback prediction, and studied for the three-point bending processes. Selection of a loading point supporting condition are derved form fuzzy inference and fuzzy self-learning method in the multi-step straighternign process. Automatic straightening machine is fabricated by using the develped ideas. Validity of the proposed system si verified through experiments.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.28-36
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• 2007

This paper presents critical buckling loads of laminated composites under cylindrical bending. In-plane displacements are assumed to vary exponentially through plate thickness. The accuracy of this theory is examined for symmetric/antisymmetric cross-ply, angle-ply and unsymmetric laminates under cylindrical bending. Analytical solutions are provided to investigate the effect of transverse shear deformation on critical buckling loads of the laminated plates, and the results are compared with those obtained from the first-order shear deformation plate theory and the classical laminated plate theory.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.373-378
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• 1995

원통좌표계에서의 FD-BPM(finite difference-beam propagation method)을 이용하여 굽은 광도파로의 bending loss를 계산하였다. Bending loss를 최소화하기 위해 trench구조를 적용하였으며 다음의 세가지 측면에서 해석하였다. 1)trench구조가 없을때 곡률반경에 따른 bending loss, 2)폭과 위치가 일정한 trench구조가 있을때 곡률반경과 굴절율차에 따른 bending loss, 3)trench의 위치가 일정할 때 trench의 폭에 따른 bending loss를 계산하였다.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 1998년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.155-159
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• 1998

This paper describes a research work of developing a computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD-CAM) of irregular shaped sheet metal product for blanking or piercing and bending operation. An approach to the system is based on the knowledge-based rules. Knowledge for the system is formulated form plasticity theories, experimental results and the empirical knowledge of field experts. This system has been written in AutoLIST on the AutoCAD and in customer tool kit on the SmartCAM with a personal computer and is composed of nine modules. the system is designed by considering several factors, such as material and thickness of product, complexities of blank geometry and punch profile, diameter and material of a wire, and availability of press. This system is capable of unfolding a formed sheet metal to give flat pattern and automatically account for the adjustment of bending allowances to match tooling requirements by checking dimensions and generating NC data automatically according to drawings of die-layout module. Results carried out in each module will provide efficiencies to the designer and the manufacture of blanking or piercing and bending die in this field.