• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.35-47
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• 2001

Objective : This study is designed to find out the effects of the Bee Venom-Acupuncture on knee joint with osteoarthritis. Methods : We are investigated that outpatients suffer from knee joint pain deciphered at the division of Acupuncture in Jaseng oriental medicine hospital from the 13, July 1999 to until 11, November 2000. We make an estimated of the score from both before or after its treatment about 70 cases of diagnostic patient with the osteoarthritis of knee joints by biochemical method and X-RAY analysis, we observed in the progress of symptoms. Results : These results found that sex distinction with a disease caused much more female than male at the ratio of 1 to 5.36 in the proportion of males to females, jobs is mainly ranked with a housewife and approximately 82.9% of cases before our hospital have ever treated at the other clinics or hospitals. On the hand, the distribution interval of a case history is mainly followed by disease in below 6 month, interval of the period-treatment is mainly gone within 3 month and frequency of treatment is examined into 11 to 15 times, more than 16 times and below 10 times, respectively. We are estimated with the score of functional barrier from both before or after its treatment aganist osteoarthritis' patients and produced in the usefulness from the totally point of fields except the aid-device after its treatment. In summary, these results demonstrated that Bee Venom, Acupuncture enhanced more than 82.9% to the improvement of treatment and P<0.05 considered to be statistically significant. Conclusion : These results suggest that Bee-venom Acupuncture may be play a role in the significant usefulness and have need of actively application for the clinical trials against osteoarthritis'patients.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.935-945
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• 2020

We retrospectively reviewed the cases in which complications occurred during below-the-knee (BTK) endovascular treatments that were performed at our hospital from 2005 to 2014. Several interesting cases have been described herein. All the patients had diabetes and non-healing wounds on their feet and/or rest pain in their foot or leg, and therefore, endovascular treatment was performed for the BTK arteries of the affected lower extremity. The complications that occurred during the procedure were classified into six categories-vascular spasm, flow limiting dissection, perforation, broken guidewire, distal thromboembolism, and unusual puncture site bleeding. Each complication has its own solutions and management. We discuss these different classes of complications and describe how cases of each type were managed.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.263-274
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• 2019

Purpose: This article was conducted to determine the immediate effects of unilateral contract-relax (CR) stretching on contralateral knee extension range and to compare both sides of the knee extension range between experimental and control groups. Methods: This study recruited 16 adult males and females with straight leg raising abilities below $90^{\circ}$. The subjects were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group comprising 8 subjects each. The experimental group performed direct CR stretching on the right hamstring muscles with straight hip extension adduction, and the control group performed indirect CR stretching on the right hamstring muscles with straight hip flexion abduction. Each group performed CR stretching 4 times with 4 repetitions comprising 10 sec of contraction and a 10 sec break between repetitions. Before and after the CR stretching exercises, the subjects' passive knee extensions were measured at the hip in a $90^{\circ}$ flexed position. The subjects' peak force on the right leg and peak pressure on the left leg during each CR stretching exercise were also measured. Results: After doing CR stretching 4 times, each group showed a significantly increased passive knee extension range on both sides, and there was no difference in the passive knee extension ranges between the groups. The peak force on the right leg was significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group. There was no difference in peak pressure between the groups. Conclusion: After applying unilateral CR stretching, the study subjects experienced a significantly increased passive knee extension range on the contralateral side. For patients who find it difficult to apply stretching techniques to knee joints directly, the use of the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation technique of CR stretching may be useful in improving the range of the knee joint on the contralateral side without direct treatment.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.38-43
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• 2001

Introduction : The goal in the management of soft tissue injuries of the lower extremity is to obtain a closed stable wound as soon as possible. Recently, An anatomic study that has shown the role of the vascular axis that follows the superficial sensory nerves in supplying the skin developed the concept of a neuroskin island flap. It has been suggested that skin island flaps supplied by the vascular network of the saphenous nerve is one of the most reliable treatment to skin defect below the knee joint. Purpose : The aim of this article is to present a clinical experience of neuroskin island flaps based on the saphenous nerve and to estimate the clinical utilities of distally based saphenous neuroskin flap. Materials and Methods : From September 1995 to May 2000, a total 12 distally based neuroskin island flaps supplied by the vascular axis of the saphenous nerve were performed to cover defects in pretibial area below the knee. Result : flap necrosis due to reactivation of existing infection developed in a case that skin defect had been on infected nonunion site of tibia. But other 11 cases survived completely without any specific complications. Conclusion : The distally based neuroskin pedicled island flap using the vascular network of the saphenous nerve are versatile and reliable and especially indicated for limited defects in pretibial area below the knee joint which are not good indications for other better-known flaps.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.229-238
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the immediate effects of various contract-relax (CR) techniques on the peck force and passive range of motion (ROM) of knee extension. Methods: This study recruited 17 adult males and females who obtained below $90^{\circ}$ in straight leg raising. The subjects randomly performed one of three different CR techniques (direct CR, indirect CR, and modified CR) on the right knee extension four times per day for three days. The subjects' peck force during each CR and their passive knee extension on the hip at a $90^{\circ}$ flexed position before and after each CR were measured. Results: The peck force was significantly higher in the direct and modified CR than in the indirect CR. The ROM in the passive knee extension significantly increased after direct and indirect CR. Comparing between each CR, the passive knee extension range was significantly more improved in the direct and indirect CR than in the modified CR. Conclusion: Direct and indirect CR are more effective than modified CR in the ROM of passive knee extension. The study results suggest that the modified CR did not have the same effect on the ROM of the knee extension as the direct and indirect CR and that further research is needed to recruit more subjects and to determine the effects on different muscles after modified CR.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2021

Background: The hamstring is a muscle that crosses two joints, that is the hip and knee, and its flexibility is an important indicator of physical health in its role in many activities of daily living such as sitting, walking, and running. Limited range of motion (ROM) due to hamstring tightness is strongly related to back pain and malfunction of the hip joint. High-frequency diathermy (HFD) therapy is known to be effective in relaxing the muscle and increasing ROM. Objects: To investigate the effects of HFD on active knee extension ROM and hamstring tone and stiffness in participants with hamstring tightness. Methods: Twenty-four participants with hamstring tightness were recruited, and the operational definition of hamstring tightness in this study was active knee extension ROM of below 160° at 90° hip flexion in the supine position. HFD was applied to the hamstring for 15 minutes using the WINBACK device. All participants were examined before and after the intervention, and the results were analyzed using a paired t-test. The outcome measures included knee extension ROM, the viscoelastic property of the hamstring, and peak torque for passive knee extension. Results: The active knee extension ROM significantly increased from 138.8° ± 9.9° (mean ± standard deviation) to 143.9° ± 10.4° after the intervention (p < 0.05), while viscoelastic property of the hamstring significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Also, the peak torque for knee extension significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Application of HFD for 15 minutes to tight hamstrings immediately improves the active ROM and reduces the tone, stiffness, and elasticity of the muscle. However, further experiments are required to examine the long-term effects of HFD on hamstring tightness including pain reduction, postural improvement around the pelvis and lower extremities, and enhanced functional movement.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.73-78
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• 2010

목적: 50세 미만 및 50세 이상의 환자에서 전방 십자 인대 재건술 시행의 임상적 결과를 후향적으로 비교 분석하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2004년 7월부터 2008년 4월까지 전방 십자 인대 재건술을 시행 받은 환자 중 50세 이상(평균 55.1세) 18예, 50세 미만(평균 31.2세) 198예를 대상으로 하였으며, 평균 추시 기간은 50세 이상이 24개월, 50세 미만 군이 26개월 이었다. 임상적 평가는 Lysholm 점수 및 IKDC (International Knee Documentation Committee) 평가 기준을 사용하였고 전방 전위 정도는 KT-2000 관절 계측기를 이용하였으며 두 군간의 최종 추시 시의 결과를 비교 분석하였다. 결과: Lysholm 점수는 50세 이상 군에서는 69.5점에서 93.6점으로 호전되었으며, 50세 미만 군에서는 69.0점에서 92.6점으로 호전되었다(p<0.05). IKDC 평가 기준에 의한 최종 평가상 50세 이상 군의 83% (15예)에서 거의 정상(B) 이상의 결과를 보였고, 50세 미만군의 86% (170예)에서 거의 정상(B) 이상의 결과를 보였다(p<0.05). KT-2000 관절 계측기를 이용한 전방 전위 검사 상 건측과의 평균 전위차가 50세 이상 군에서는 술전 7.4 mm에서 최종 추시 시 2.2 mm로 감소하였고, 50세 미만 군에서는 술 전 7.1 mm에서 최종 추시 시 2.0 mm으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). 결론: 50세 이상 군과 50세 미만 군에서의 전방 십자 인대 재건술의 임상적 결과는 두 군 간에 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 50세 이상 환자에서도 만족할 만한 전방 십자 인대 재건술의 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.139-155
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• 2011

Objectives : To research trends of studies on treatments of knee osteoarthritis in Korean medicine. Methods : Domestic theses, published from 2000 to 2010, mentioning the treatments of knee osteoarthritis in Korean medicine were reviewed and analyzed. This study researched 79 theses and classified again according to the fields of the treatment. Results : The results were obtained as below ; 1. Studies on pharmacoacupuncture account for 41% of the total (32cases/79cases). The target of treatments had changed from pain alleviation and anti-inflammation to cartilage-protection since 2006. 2. Herbal Drug, Bee Venom, Cervi Cornu Parvum pharmacoacupuncture, Taping Therapy and Tai-Chi Exercise program were more effective than others. Moreover research on exercise program such as Tai-Chi has been increasing. 3. Some Herbal Drug (Glycyrrhizae Radix, Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Achyrantis Radix, Paeoniae Radix, Eucommiae Cortex and so on) were mainly used to investigate the effect on cartilage protection, pain relief and anti-inflammation in laboratory test. 4. Acupuncture including individualized, local acupoints and constitution acupuncture were effective than others in pain alleviation and symptom relief. 5. Pharmacoacupuncture Bee Venom were effective in recovery of joint function and pain relief while Buthus martensii Karsch, Homnis Placenta and Cervi Cornu Parvum were effective in cartilage protection and recovery. 6. Moxibustion was efficient to reduce joint pain and partly increase ROM (range of motion) of knee joint, but was not efficient to recover the function of knee joint. Conclusions : These results indicate that research trends on knee osteoarthritis were changed from symptomatic treatment (pain alleviation and anti-inflammation) to conservative treatment (cartilage protection and recovery).

• 복식문화연구
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.543-554
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to find whether hemline cycles exist and whether hemlines show greater within-year variability over time. Utilizing US Vogue data from 1950 to 2013 on hemline length of women's daywear, total 2102 day-dresses or skirts on full fashion pictures were analyzed. The skirt length was divided by the total length of figure in the picture which was measured from shoulder to ankle. Aggregated yearly means smoothed by means of three-point moving averages were used to provide a better indication of the long-term direction of movement of the hemline. Within-year hemline variability was smoothed by the way of three-point moving average as well. The data showed five cycles on hemline change processes. The first cycle took 21 years from 1950 to 1971, which was the longest period and had the biggest hemline changes. The second cycle was the shortest from 1971 to 1977, in which hemline moved between below-knee length and midcalf. The hemline in the third cycle moved between midcalf and miniskirt. The third cycle took 16 years from 1977 to 1993. The forth was a short cycle from 1998 to 2001, and hemlines moved moderately between below-knee length and above-knee length. The fifth cycle has been on going since 2001, and the hemline has been getting longer after 2007. The within-year variability of hemlines was bigger in 1980s than previous years and was steadily increased.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.371-377
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• 2017

Background: Lesions in distal target arteries hinder surgical bypass procedures in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Methods: Between April 2012 and October 2015, 16 patients (18 limbs) with lifestyle-limiting claudication (n=12) or chronic critical limb ischemia (n=6) underwent femoral-above-knee (AK) polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) bypass grafts with a bridging stent graft placement between the distal target popliteal artery and the PTFE graft. Ring-supported PTFE grafts were used in all patients with no available vein for graft material. Follow-up evaluations assessed clinical symptoms, the ankle-brachial index, ultrasonographic imaging and/or computed tomography angiography, the primary patency rate, and complications. Results: All procedures were successful. The mean follow-up was 12.6 months (range, 11 to 14 months), and there were no major complications. The median baseline ankle-brachial index of 0.4 (range, 0.2 to 0.55) significantly increased to 0.8 (range, 0.5 to 1.0) at 12 months (p<0.01). The primary patency rate at 12 months was 83.3%. The presenting symptoms resolved within 2 weeks. Conclusion: In AK bypasses with a diffusely diseased distal target popliteal artery or when below-knee (BK) bypass surgery is impossible, this procedure could be clinically effective and safe when used as an alternative to femoral-BK bypass surgery.