• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2015

As decision makers do not make optimal decisions in practice despite the existence of optimal solutions in many models, there has been a rising interest in behavioral operations management recently. In this study, we aim for a comparative study to analyze the inventory decisions in Korea, America, and China, by conducting the same newsvendor experiment in Korea and compare the results with those of previous studies. From the comparative analysis, some national characteristics in decision-making processes have been observed but there is lowly significant difference in order quantities among the three groups. Korean students show lower level of understanding in demand distributions and tendencies of anchoring on the mean demand and being risk-averse. The finding that individuals make their own decisions differently based on their different behaviors suggests that we need to consider individual approach in analyzing human decision-making processes rather than adapting aggregate approach.

• 인지과학
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.357-381
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• 2009

이전의 연구들이 외부 피드백 정보에 대한 반응민감도에 성격특성적 개인차가 반영된다는 사실을 밝힌바 있지만, 재인기억과 관련한 의사결정에서 이러한 기질 혹은 특성적 개인차가 어떻게 관여하는지는 아직 알려진 바가 없다. 본 연구는 재인기억 과제에서 피드백에 근거한 의사결정 준거의 순응적 변화정도와 피드백에 대한 일반적 반응민감도의 개인차간 관계를 살펴보았다. 통제 조건인 실험 1에서는 올바른 피드백 조건이 의사결정 준거의 유동성에 영향을 미치지 않음을 보인 반면 피드백 조작이 이루어진 실험 2에서는 확신도가 높은 오기억 반응에만 선택적으로 편향된 피드백이 주어졌음에도 전반적인 Old/New 반응 범주의 결정준거 또한 순응적으로 이동함이 나타났다. 보다 중요하게 이 피드백에 근거한 의사결정 준거 학습에 나타나는 개별 피험자들의 반응민감도 차이가 강화 추구 혹은 불안 회피와 밀접하게 관련된 안정적 성격(Behavioral Activation System-BAS 혹은Behavioral Inhibition System-BIS)의 개인차에 의해 유의미하게 예측될 수 있음이 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 그동안 외현적인 재인 기억 의사 결정에 있어서 중요하게 여기지 않았던 점증적 강화학습 기제가 결정 준거의 설정에 관여할 수 있음을 보여준다는 데에서 중요한 의미를 찾을 수 있다.

• 한국정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보시스템학회 1996년도 추계학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.29-48
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• 1996

Previous studies on user training have largely focused on assessing models which describe the determinants of information technology usage or examined the effects of training on user satisfaction, productivity, performance, and so on. Scant research efforts have been made, however, to examine those effects of training by using theoretical models. This study presented a conceptual model to predict intention to use information technology and conducted an experiment to understand how training for computer skill acquisition affects primary variables of the model. The data were obtained from 32 student subjects of an experimental group and 31 students of a control group, and the information technology employed for this study was a university's electronic mail system. The study results revealed that attitude toward usage and perceived behavioral control helped to predict user intentions; outcome expectations were positively related to attitude toward usage; and self - efficacy and perceived behavioral control. The changes in those variables suggest more causal effects of user training than other survey studies.

• International Journal of Railway
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2013

In this study, numerical analysis and model experiments were conducted to analyze behavioral characteristics acting on the track roadbed with excavation through steel pipe injection, a non-exclusive method of crossing construction under railroad as primary target. In model experiments that simulate injection excavation behaviors with an increase in the depth of soil cover, the upper displacement was measured by construction of the first and the second pipes in order to predict actual behaviors, and the behavior characteristics were verified through numerical analysis. The investigation results showed that surface displacement was smaller under the condition of higher soil cover. In the case of injecting two pipes, when the first pipe was injected, deformation of the surface increased linearly in both settlement and uplift experiments. However, when the second pipe was injected, the amount of change was found to be very small due to the relaxation and plastic zones around the first pipe. In addition, the results of numerical analysis on the same cross section with the model experiment found that the results of investigation into settlement ratio and volume loss were in very good agreement with those obtained by the model experiment.

• 무역학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.23-38
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• 2021

This paper investigated the preference change of payment terms in international trade along with counteroffer or first offer conditions of the other parties. Studies on trade payment terms have mainly focused on payment term determination factors such as firm size, product price level, country credit rate, etc. We tried to find other factors affecting payment terms choice, during the negotiation process. We applied behavioral economics theories such as 'Status Quo Bias' and 'Anchoring effect' to build our research model. To prove the existence of the above effects, we proceeded with field experiments to the exporting companies in Alibaba.com. Both 'Status Quo Bias' and 'Anchoring effect' were found in the field experiment. Most of the exporting companies preferred traditional payment methods to new payment methods. And an initial request for a low advance payment ratio led to a lower advance payment ratio. Also, the experience of using new payment methods could diminish status quo bias. This paper applied behavioral economics theories and field experiment methodology to the payment term studies in international trades. These attempts could contribute to expanding the diversity of methodology and scope of international trade studies.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.82-88
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• 2006

The study investigated how an adaptive cruise control system induced behavioral adaptation in drivers using a full-scale driving simulator. Forty drivers with different driving styles participated in the study to compare headway-time, vehicle lateral position variation, and head and eye movement when driving with and without the adaptive cruise control system. Results showed that system induced positive behavioral adaptation by drawing consistency in driving speed and headway-time regardless of the driving styles. However, the results also showed that the drivers' reliance on the system induced negative adaptation including reduced lane keeping ability and reduced attention during driving. As a strategy to prevent negative adaptation, the study proposed information service to drivers with the adaptive cruise control system status and driving environment, and investigated effectiveness of the service. Twelve drivers participated in the experiment to compare headway-time, vehicle lateral position variation and subjective ratings when driving with and without the information service. Results showed that the information service assisted the drivers to maintain safer and more comfortable headway-time without impairing drivers' steering ability.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.44-53
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• 1996

The present experiment was designed to investigate the effects of behavioral, response to immune function in response to electric footshock in mice. Mice were subjected to electric footshock for 3 days(two sessions a day, 11 times of shock for about 31 minutes a session). The humoral immune response was measured using mice immunized with rat RBC. The cell-mediated immune responses were evaluated by contact hypersensitivity to 2, 4-dinitrofluorobenzene(DNFB) and by phytohemagglutin(PHA)-stimulated splenocytes proliferation assay. In stressed group, electric footshock suppressed significantly anti-rat RBC antibody production(p<0.05), but enhanced significantly $T_{48}$ relative to $T_{24}$ in contact hypersenstivry (P<.01) and T-cell proliferation response(P<.05) by PHA stimulation elative to control group. T-cell proliferation response by PHA stimulation was significantly correlated to the movement than the sensitivity and coping behavior in the mouse, in response to the electric footshock. These data supper the importance of behavioral response in stress-induced changes of immune functions.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.85-100
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to research the level of emotional responses and corresponding behavioral responses of consumers who have experienced out-of-stock (OOS) shopping. Answers were gathered from 526 people in the 20-49 year age range, residing in a metropolitan area. SPSS 18.0 was used to perform factor analysis, reliability measures and regression analysis. The subordinate concept of emotional responses from consumers who experience an OOS event while at an on online shopping mall is the first subject of research for this study; this is tied in with three central factors; namely, anger/annoyance, anxiety and feeling regret. These can be further categorized into a positive emotional response and a negative emotional response. The experiment scrutinizes how emotional responses towards an OOS event experience affect behavioral responses. It then focuses on positive emotional responses as the second subject of this research: namely, how regret significantly affects the product substitution (S), and how anger/annoyance, anxiety and regret significantly influence a delayed purchase (D). Anger/annoyance, anxiety and regret significantly affect the incomplete store switch over (L1), and anger/annoyance and anxiety significantly influence the complete store switch over (L2).

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.791-818
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• 2016

본 연구는 인지행동치료기법이 고등학생의 수학불안 감소에 효과가 있는가를 알아보기 위해 실시한 사례연구이다. 이를 위해 지나친 수학불안으로 정신적 신체적 고통을 호소하는 일반계 고등학교 2학년 여학생 1명을 연구 참여자로 선정하여 인지행동치료기법을 적용시켰다. 인지행동치료는 총 8주 동안 주당 1회씩, 1회당 30분~40분간 실시하였고 주요 실시내용은 자신의 문제 이해하기, 사고기록지 작성하기, 행동계획 세우기, 행동실험하기, 중간믿음 바꾸기, 핵심믿음 바꾸기이다. 수학불안 감소에 효과가 있었는지를 알아보기 위해 실험 전후 허혜자(1996)의 수학불안 요인 평가도구를 수정 이용하여 측정하고 면담을 실시하여 비교 분석하였다. 연구결과, 연구 참여자의 가장 큰 수학불안 요인은 시험불안이었고 치료 결과 시험불안이 상당히 감소되었으며, 수학교과 요인과 교사 요인 등에서도 수학불안이 많이 완화되었고 특히 어려운 수학 문제해결에 있어서도 긍정적이고 도전적 생각으로 바뀌었다. 따라서 인지행동치료기법은 수학불안 감소에 효과가 있었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 적용한 인지행동치료기법을, 수학에 대한 정의적 요인과 인지적 요인의 상호작용과 집단 치료방법 등을 포함하여 수학에 특화된 프로그램으로 발전시켜 그 효과를 검증하는 연구가 요구된다.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 인공개체의 진화를 셀 수준에서 모사하는 프레임워크 상에서 인공개체가 자신의 행위를 기억하는 회로가 있는 경우 환경에 어떻게 적응적으로 진화하는지를 연구하였다. 이는 기존에 제안한 인공개체가 단순히 현재 상황 입력에 대한 대응행위를 결정하고 행동하는 것에서 나아가 자신의 이전의 행위를 기억할 경우 어떤 진보된 대응행위로 진화할 수 있는지 그리고 이전 행위를 기억하지 못하는 인공개체에 비하여 어떤 장점을 갖는지를 분석할 수 있다. 이러한 분석을 위하여 특정 먹이패턴에서 다양한 실험을 수행하고 그 결과를 살펴보았다. 먼저 이전 행동을 4단계까지 기억하는 개체와 기억회로가 없는 개체부터 3단계까지 기억하는 개체별로 경쟁력 실험을 해보았다. 그 결과 대부분 4단계까지 기억하는 개체가 우수하였다. 그러나 2단계까지 기억하는 개체가 4단계까지 기억하는 개체보다 더 우수했는데, 이는 실험한 먹이패턴 하에서는 2단계까지 기억하는 개체가 더 빨리 좋은 행위를 갖는 개체로 진화되기 때문으로 분석되었다. 두 번째로 모든 개체를 같이 진화시킨 실험에서도 T2 가 가장 우수한 결과를 보였다. 이를 통하여 행위기억회로를 갖는 개체가 더 우수하며 먹이패턴 복잡도에 적합한 단계까지 기억하는 개체가 가장 좋은 결과를 보임을 확인하였다.