• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권7호
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• pp.79-90
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• 2021

The purpose of this research is to identify factors affecting the acceptance and use of e-tax services among medium taxpayers in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. The researcher conducted the study based on a quantitative approach by using multi-stage sampling method, which selects a sample size by two or more stages. The first stage sampling was the stratified random sampling and the subsequent stage was purposive sampling. In this study, the stratified random sampling was first used, followed by purposive sampling. The data were collected from 450 medium taxpayers who experienced using e-tax services located in three tax branches in Phnom Penh. This study adapted the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation model (SEM) to analyze the model accuracy, reliability and influence of various variables. The primary result showed that behavioral intention has a significant effect on user behavior of e-tax services among medium taxpayers in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Moreover, the results revealed that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and anxiety have significant impact on behavioral intention. In addition, social influence has the strongest impact on behavioral intention, followed by anxiety, performance expectancy and effort expectancy. Conversely, facilitating conditions, trust in government, and trust in internet do not influence behavioral intention.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.129-150
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• 2023

Purpose - This study is based on the Theory of Planned Behavior and aims to explore the decision-making mechanisms of consumers participating in value co-creation activities within virtual brand communities. Methodology - The research involved a comprehensive survey of 405 participants from various virtual brand communities. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used for data analysis, applying SPSS and AMOS to test the hypotheses. The study focused on community rules and regulations, community experience and community trust. Results - The research found that community rules and regulations significantly impact subjective norms and perceived behavioral control, but not directly influence consumer attitudes. Community experience positively affected consumer attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. Community trust was found to positively influence these aspects of consumer decision-making. However, a gap was identified in the direct influence of perceived behavioral control on actual consumer behavior. Implications - The findings of this study contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of factors affecting consumer behavior in virtual brand communities. It underscores the necessity for community managers to develop strategies that consider these internal decision-making mechanisms, facilitating more effective community engagement. The study also identifies a potential area for future research in the direct influence of perceived behavioral control on actual consumer behavior.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권11호
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• pp.97-106
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• 2021

The condition of financial services in Indonesia is unique, based on various characteristics, behaviors, and preferences. Therefore, the study of finance and banking is interesting to study as a recommendation for government policies. This paper aims to analyze the barriers to accessing formal financial services in Indonesia and why informal financial services are preferred. This paper presents a case study of financial inclusion in selected provinces in Indonesia using the SOFIA dataset from the Ministry of National Development Planning. Overall, this data consists of 20,000 individuals from 4 provinces and 93 regions representing the population in eastern Indonesia. The analysis was carried out by processing individual-level cross-sectional data surveyed in 2017 using the probit binary logistic method. The results identify the individual barriers in accessing formal financial services, including account ownership, saving, and credit activities in the formal financial institutions, and amplify the image by analyzing what determinants affect people to choose informal institutions. We found that some individual characteristics such as age, gender, education, income, employment status, residence, and access to technology significantly affect the barrier to formal financial services in East Indonesia.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2006

The purposes of this study are to identify the types of teacher efficacy, to present a theoretical base for teacher efficacy among Home Economics teachers and subsequently, to improve the quality in the practices of home economics education. To achieve these purposes, 263 secondary school home economics teachers were surveyed by the prime investigator. The three research questions of this study were: 1. What are the individual characteristics, the environmental characteristics and the trends of teacher efficacy among secondary school home economics teachers? 2. What is the factor in teacher efficacy among secondary school home economics teachers? 3. What are the types of teacher efficacy among secondary school home economics teachers? For these research questions, factor analysis and cluster analysis were conducted. The factor analysis on teacher efficacy with a survey of secondary school home economics teachers produced 5 factors of efficacy: classroom management, needs assistance, instructional strategies, environmental assistance and teaming assistance. The teacher efficacy had a mean of 3.58 and the home economics teachers showed a slightly higher level in teacher efficacy. Of the 5 efficacy factors, classroom management showed the highest level (M=3.89), followed by learning assistance (M=3.81), instrumental strategies (M=3.57), environmental assistance (M=3.42) and needs assistance (M=3.19). Overall, the teachers had positive feeling in teacher efficacy. Three types of teachers were found in the types of teacher efficacy: the supreme, the average and the efforts-needy. Those types were identified based on the mean scores of the five sub-domains from the factor analysis. To enhance the teacher efficacy, the needs assessments for the students and behavioral adjustment issues should be reflected in the curriculum of teacher education and workshops. The primary investigator suggested that continuous and long-term plans for teacher education need to be developed because short-term plans may not be effective in changing attitudes such as teacher efficacy.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.286-294
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• 2009

This study investigated the correlations of five constructs - health concerns, healthy eating practices and attitudes, food choice motives, attitudes toward organic foods - in the formation of behavioral to the purchasing intentions of organic foods. An instrument encompassing health perception, attitudes, habits and personal traits was developed through the comprehensive reviews of the literature and the assured validity and internal reliability of the contents. The questionnaire was administered to the students of three universities at Daegu, Kyungpook province. A total of 288 questionnaires were collected for a response rate of 96.0%. The correlations of five constructs and purchasing intention were tested simultaneously using structural equation modeling. Healthy eating practices and attitudes toward organic foods were found to be the determinants which directly influence the intention to purchase organic foods. Health concerns didn't show direct relation to the purchasing intention of organic foods. The hypothesized path from the health concerns to the purchasing intentions was not supported. The results indicated that food choice motives and healthy eating attitudes should be managed to achieve higher behavioral intention to purchase organic foods.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.952-961
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• 2016

The objective of this study is to examine the effects of consumer beliefs regarding three food certifications on their behavioral intention and the behavioral intention biases to purchase (purchasing intention biases) certified agricultural products as predicted by a subjective probability model. The food certifications used for this study are 'Organic food', 'Traceability system of food products,' and 'Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP)'. Tofu (bean curd) was selected as being representative of agricultural food products, for the purposes of this study. In 2016, we surveyed 243 consumers regarding the strength of their belief regarding their prior beliefs relative to each certification, as well as the strength of their intention to purchase certified tofu based on their belief strengths for this study. The study resulted in the following findings: Firstly, consumers hold more than two different prior beliefs for each of the three certifications included in this study. Consumers' prior beliefs regarding these certifications have an impact on their consideration as to whether they plan to buy those certified agricultural products. Secondly, consumers try to persuade themselves to ensure that their particular belief about the product's certification could lead to a purchasing decision regarding that agricultural product.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.61-72
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to examine the developmental changes about self-perception from childhood to adult period. The subjects were 365 of 5th graders in elementary school, the 2nd graders in junior and senior high school, sophomore in college, and adults. The instruments used for this study were Harter's Self-Perception Profile for the children, adolescences, college students, and adults. The results were as follows. 1. From elementary school to junior high school, the score of scholastic, athletic, physical appearance, behavioral conduct, and global self-worth were decreased. At the developmental perspective, the junior high school students were highly anxious for self-perception. 2. Physical appearance were the best predictor of the global self-worth for all developmental stages. 3. Physical appearance, behavioral conduct predicted more about the global self-worth than any other factors for elementary and junior high school students. And for junior high school students, social acceptance and friendship also predicted about the global self-worth. Scholastic competence showed higher correlation with global self-worth for the senior high school and college students than elementary and junior high school students. 4. For college students, males had higer scores than females on ability-oriented but also relationship-oriented subscales. But the adults showed no differences in nurturance, household management, job competence depending on sex.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.13-19
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• 1981

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among the variables of attitudes toward school uniform, three aspects of clothing behavior, self-concept, and selected behaviors. Instruments used to test the hypotheses were 12 items selected from the Behavior Test by Laubach, The Perceptual Orientation Scale by Choi, 14 items to assess the attitudes toward school uniform, and 21 modified items to evaluate conformity, fashion, and modesty in clothing. The questionnaires were completed by 484 2nd grade junior and senior high school girls in Seoul. Statistical analysis was performed using the correlation coefficient, $x^2$-tests, and t-tests. The findings could be summarized as follows: 1) Perceptual Orientation and Behavioral Orientation were not significantly related to attitudes toward school uniform. 2) Perceptual Orientation and Behavioral Orientation were negatively related to clothing conformity, 3) Attitudes toward school uniform and clothing behavior were partially different by the grade level and the type of school. 4) Fashion was positively related to conformity, but negatively related to modesty in clothing.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.91-104
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• 2005

This study was designed to examine the relations of home environment, locus of control, social support and behavior problems of fourth-grade Korean-Chinese children in Yanbian in China. The subjects were 190 children who completed the locus of control and social support scale and their parents who completed the Child Behavior Checklist. T-test, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analyses were conducted. Mother's education level, and psychological and physical environment at home were negatively related to children's behavior problems. The scores of internal locus of control and support from the teacher were negatively related to children's behavioral disturbances. The factors with the greatest contribution to explaining behavior problems of Korean-Chinese children in Yanbian were found to be physical environment at home, internal locus of control, and teacher's social support.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2016

Purpose - Not all firms are able to completely eliminate the risk arising out of the crisis. Success hides in the ability to perceive the market expectations accurately and take correct decisions. This study aims to analyze the firms' decisions at gross-root level. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - Primary data is obtained with the help of specially designed questionnaires from the agriproducts export firms that are members of export union of Turkey. The study is based on four theoretical structures: general planned behavior theory model, perception-leading behavior control and subjective norm model, perceived-behavioral-control leading perception and subjective norm models, and perceptions and subjective norms leading behavior control model. Structural Equation Models (SEM) is used to conduct the empirical analysis. Results - The findings show perceptions and subjective norms leading behavior control model as the best one, concluding that the environmental pressures and positive perceptions have significant effect on the strategic decisions of the agriproducts export firms. Conclusion - Policy tools like creating positive perception in the markets, providing sufficient information and financial support to the firms and increasing market competition can be used effectively to achieve the said objective.