• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.697-704
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• 2002

This paper presents the results of instrumentation of a two-level of soil-reinforced segmental retaining wall. Instrumentation items include the lateral wall displacements and the geogrid strains at several locations. The instrumentation is still long carried in order to examine long-term behavior. The result indicate that the upper wall has a significant effect on the behavior of the lower wall doubling the wall moved. The wall also exhibits significant post-construction movements that had ceased several months after the wall completed. The implication of the findings from this study was discussed in great detail.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.215-225
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• 2017

본 연구는 주사침 자상을 유발하는 위험행동을 측정하기 위한 도구를 개발하고 타당도와 신뢰도를 검정하는 방법론적 연구이다. Reason(1990)의 불안전한 행동 이론을 토대로 25개 문항의 주사침 자상 위험행동 도구(NIRB scale)을 개발하였다. 요인분석 결과 주사바늘 뚜껑을 다시 씌우는 위험행동, 채혈검체를 옮길 때 주사바늘을 사용하는 위험행동, 사용한 주사바늘을 분리하는 위험행동, 주사바늘을 사용하는 주사행위 중 위험행동, 주사행위 후 사용한 주사바늘 처리 시 위험행동, 주사행위 준비 시 위험행동의 6개 요인이 추출되었다. 본 연구를 통해 주사침 자상 위험행동 측정도구의 신뢰도, 구성 및 준거타당도를 입증하였다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.374-382
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• 2012

Purpose: The study was done to influence of family function and degree of depression on impulsive behavior in adolescents. Method: Using convenience sampling 780 adolescents were recruited from October 29 and November 9, 2011. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires which included items on general characteristics, family function, depression, and impulsive behavior. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, and hierarchical regression analysis. Results: The major findings of this study were as follow; 1) There was a significant negative relationship between family function and impulsive behavior (r=-.236, p<.001) and a positive relationship between depression and impulsive behavior (r=.342, p<.001). 2) Factors with a significant negative association with impulsive behavior were higher school records (${\beta}$=-.112, p<.001) and family function: positive resolution of family problems (${\beta}$=-.213, p=.008), while a significant positive association was found for unsatisfactory school life (${\beta}$=.103, p=.016), family function: emotional reactivity (${\beta}$=.159, p=.028), and depression (${\beta}$=.301, p<.001). These variables explained 20.1% of variance for impulsive behavior. Conclusion: The results of this study identify a relationship between family function, depression, and impulsive behavior in adolescents indicating variables to be addressed to reduce impulsive behavior. These variables can be used in developing intervention programs.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.153-165
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to develop the following scales on women's environmental health and to examine their validity and reliability: severity, susceptibility, response efficacy, self-efficacy, benefit, barrier, personal health behavior, and community health behavior scales. Methods: The item pool was generated based on related scales, a wide literature review, and indepth interviews on women's environmental health according to the revised Rogers' protection motivation theory model. Content validity was verified by three nursing professionals. Exploratory factor analysis, convergent validity, and internal consistency reliability were examined. Results: The scales included 10 items on severity, 11 on susceptibility, 10 on response efficacy, 14 on self-efficacy, 8 on benefits, 10 on barriers, 17 on personal health behavior, and 16 on community health behavior. Convergent validity with the environmental behavior scale for female adolescents was supported. The Cronbach's α values for internal consistency were good for all scales: severity, . 84; susceptibility, .92; response efficacy, .88; self-efficacy, .90; benefits, .91; barriers, .85; personal health behavior, .90; and community health behavior, .91. Conclusion: The evaluation of the psychometric properties shows that these scales are valid and reliable measures of women's environmental health awareness and behaviors. These scales may be helpful for assessing women's environmental health behaviors, thereby contributing to efforts to promote environmental health.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.153-160
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• 2013

온라인게임은 게임의 흥미를 더하기 위하여 게임도구인 아이템을 사용한다. 게임이용자들은 더 높고 더 강한 레벨의 아이템을 원하게 되면서 자연스럽게 수요와 공급의 거래가 이루어진다. 문제는 이러한 아이템의 거래과정에서 빈번하게 불법행위가 발생한다는 것이다. 그 중 해킹 등 어떠한 방법이든지 권원없이 타인의 아이디와 비밀번호를 알아내어 아이템을 훔쳐가거나, 위탁관리하고 있는 아이템을 되돌려주지 않거나, 절취한 아이템을 그 정을 알고 있는 타인에게 주거나, 타인의 아이템을 손괴하는 등의 행위에 대해서는 형법상 재산에 관한 죄를 적용하기가 곤란하다. 현행 법리상 아이템을 재산죄의 객체인 재물로 인정할 수 없기 때문이다. 가상공간의 아이템은 형법상 보호할 가치와 필요성이 있는 새롭게 등장한 재화이다. 형법은 현실적 범죄행위와 법규범과의 유리를 방지하기 위하여 시대적 현실문화와 가치를 반영하여야 한다. 가상공간은 가상공간 고유한 특성을 고려하여 재물성의 성립여부를 판단하는 것이 현실적이며 합리적이므로 확장해석에 의한다면 아이템을 형법상 유체물의 범위에 포섭할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 디지털 시대의 시대적 요청에 의한 제346조의 재물성의 재검토가 필요한 시점이다.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2008

1. Objectives This study was purposed to find Dong's thoughts about the eight items of the "The Great Learning(Ta hsueh)" 2. Methods It was researched through comparative and overall study on the Dong-mu's thoughts in "Gyukchigo(格致藁)" 3. Results (1) Dongmu reinterpreted the eight items of the "The Great Learning(Ta hsueh)" as the relations between the subject and the object from the ontologic assumption of Affairs Mind Body Objects as the principle of existence and correlation, summarized into four categories, and classified into the individual and subjective affairs, and the universal and objective affairs. The four categories of the eight items of the "The Great Learning(Ta hsueh)" are correlated with the individual and the universal ethics of behavior, and connected with the element for overcoming the individual inclination of mind and wickedness. (2) After the individual and subjective human was established, the eight items of the "The Great Learning(Ta hsueh)" were classified into two categories, and coupled up with each two items('Being sincere in their thoughts' with 'Extending to the utmost their knowledge', 'Rectifying their hearts' with 'Investigating things', 'Cultivating their persons' with 'Illustrating illustrious virtue throughout the kingdom', 'Regulating their families' with 'Ordering their own states'). Being based on this, 'Being sincere in their thoughts', 'Rectifying their hearts', 'Cultivating their persons' and 'Regulating their families' were understood as four individual and subjective human-basic-essential activity. Especially, mind, heart, body and family(power) were regarded as the four basic element in human existence and activity, and in correlation with universe and society, set up as the subjective element in Dongmu's epistemology, theory of nature and emotion, theory of morality and theory of moral cultivation.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.336-346
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• 2017

Objectives: The study was performed to investigate the relationship between snack intake and oral health behavior in middle school students in Gyeonggi-do area. Methods: The survey questionnaire was recorded by middle school students from July 6 to August 24, 2011. The questionnaire included items on general characteristics, snack intake status, and oral health behavior. Among collected survey questionnaire, a total of 620 questionnaires (320 males and 300 females) were analyzed using SPSS 15.0 program. Results: Frequencies of snack and beverage intakes were significantly higher in males than in females (p < 0.001). Oral health behavior was significantly higher in students with lower snack intake compared to those with higher or average snack intake (p < 0.05). Oral health behavior for tooth brushing and toothbrush care were significantly higher in females than in males (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Oral health behavior score that reflected better oral health of the subjects were higher as the snack intake was lower. Oral health behavior score was higher in females than in males. We conclude that the contents for oral health and nutrition education focused on snack intake need to be developed to induce changes in oral health behavior in middle school students.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제37권10호
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• pp.123-133
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• 1999

The purpose of the study was to develop the parenting style scale which is reflecting cultural background of Korean parent's parenting for their children. The instalment was designed based on the literature reviews and on the Baumrind's parenting style. A total of three hundred and sixty two mothers whose children from first and second grade in elementary school completed the Questionnaires. The questionnaires consisted with the items addressing different types of parenting style which include love and care, encouragement of independence, enjoyment in parenting, communication, control, control of aggressiveness, strategies of control , request of maturity. Factor of analysis was applied to examine validity of Korean parenting style scale. Based on the factor analysis, 33 items selected for final questionnaire and two factors discovered. The first factor which named 'warmth'included 20 items such as love and care toward their children, communication, enjoyment in parenting, encouragement toward independency. The second factor which named'control'included 13 items such as control of children's behavior and discipline of children. Warmth factor accounted for 46% of variance and control factor accounted for 18% of variance. Internal consistency was also checked. Although warmth and control factor represented a moderate internal consistency, control factor showed lower correlations then warmth factor. The reliability estimates (Cronbach alpha) were. 87 and 71 for warmth and control factor respectively. Korean parenting style scale can be used to address the appropriateness of Baumrind's theoretical assumptions in parenting style as well as to examine parenting style for Korean population. However, this instalment was developed with Korean mothers only. Further analysis need to be addressed with fathers.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.13-25
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• 2011

This study investigates the factors influencing consumer's channel selection for luxury fashion items, specifically the effect of (i) perceived luxury benefits, (ii) perceived online shopping risks, (iii) demographics, and (iv) purchasing behavior. A survey questionnaire was developed and implemented to measure the perceived luxury benefits, perceived online shopping risks, purchasing behaviors, and consumer demographics. A total of 396 responses were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, cross-tab, and multinomial logit analysis with SPSS18.0. The results are as follows. First, those who shop in offline shopping channels tend to be heavy buyers that look for product quality and conspicuousness. They perceive low risks from online shopping and purchase few bag items offline. Second, those who shop online tend to be men and perceive the high benefits of economic value. Third, those who shop in multi channels tend to be men, search for information via the Internet, and purchase few accessory items. Implications for multichannel strategies are suggested.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.124-133
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• 2017

This study analyzed consumers' online fashion shopping site usage by site type and analyzed how product information search and product purchase differ. In addition, by comparing and analyzing preference and selection factors of PC and mobile shopping, we tried to provide basic data of effective mobile commerce operation strategy according to expansion of mobile market in fashion industry. We surveyed the use of 6 types of online sites (portal site, open market, general shopping mall, social commerce shopping mall, brand shopping mall and non-brand shopping mall) to understand the usage of mobile shopping site for consumers' fashion products. Consumer survey subjects were 373 college students in their early 20s who had the most mobile shopping experiences. The questionnaire consisted of online fashion site usage items, internet and mobile fashion shopping preference (6 items), internet and mobile shopping choice behavior (10 items), and purchase intention (3 items) .Data were analyzed using SPSS 14.0 program. The high preference of portal sites, open market, social commerce, and non-brand shopping malls in shopping online fashion products is a result of the perceptual changes of major distribution channels and the trends of consumers' value consumption tendency. Therefore, it is necessary for fashion companies to actively cope with fashion product distribution competition with huge shopping sites of current online market by well understanding consumers' preference trends and factors of online sites.