• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.555-564
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• 2006

The aim of this paper is to contribute to the efficient design of traffic light poles involved in vehicle frontal collisions by developing a computer-based, finite-element model capable of capturing the impact characteristics. This is achieved by using the available non-linear dynamic analysis software "LS-DYNA3D", which can accurately predict the dynamic response of both the vehicle and the traffic light pole. The fiber reinforced polymer(FRP) as a new pole's material is proposed in this paper to increase energy absorption capabilities in the case of a traffic pole involved in a vehicle head-on collision. Numerical analyses are conducted to evaluate the effects of key parameters on the response of the pole embedded in soil when impacted by vehicles, including: soil type(clay and sand) and pole material type(FRP and steel). It is demonstrated from the numerical analysis that the FRP pole-soil system has favorable advantages over steel poles, where the FRP pole absorbed vehicle impact energy in a smoother behavior, which leads to smoother acceleration pulse and less deformation of the vehicle than those encountered with steel poles. Also, it was observed that clayey soil brings a slightly more resistance than sandy soil which helps reducing pole movement at ground level. Finally, FRP pole system provides more energy absorbing leading to protection during minor impacts and under service loading, and remain flexible enough to avoid influencing vehicle occupants, thus reducing fatalities and injuries resulting from the crash.

• 교육시설
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.25-37
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• 2004

This study is derived from a problem for the blind, how to recognize the space and how to find their way. Unlike ordinary people, the disabled people are closely related with special constructor environment using the other sense. Especially, to find his/her location, each person depends on the wayfinding ability as acquiring specific and various information,(e.g. recognizing figure by tactile sense, space size by auditory sense, direction by light from a window and regular noise, and existence of switch in a specific place.) Those senses help the person's wayfinding to his/her destination. The procedure of wayfinding are location, position, orientation, navigation, and movement. Consequently, construction for the people above mentioned can offer a design-guideline considering following factors, building arrangement considering regular noise, refurbishment, plan configuration of floor and wall-skin changed, circulation stream that maintains right angle by the regular noise in the building, enforcement location character by the inflow of the light into a crossing.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.36-45
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• 1999

The basic idea of cable-stayed girder bridges is the utilization of high strength cables to provide intermediate supports for the bridge girder so that the girder can span a much longer distance. In the cable-stayed bridge, the cables exhibit nonlinear behavior because of the change in sag, due to the dead weight of the cable, which occurs with changing tension in the cable resulting from the movement of the end points of the cable as the bridge is loaded. Techniques required for the static analysis of cable-stayed bridges has been developed by many researchers. However, little work has been done on the dynamic analysis of such structures. To investigate the characteristics of the dynamic response of long-span cable-stayed bridges due to various dynamic loadings likes moving traffic loads. two different 3-D cable-stayed bridge models are considered in this study. Two models are exactly the same in structural configurations but different in finite element discretization. Modal analysis is conducted using the deformed dead-load tangent stiffness matrix. A new concept was presented by using divided a cable into several elements in order to study the effect of the cable vibration (both in-plane and swinging) on the overall bridge dynamics. The result of this study demonstrates the importance of cable vibration on the overall bridge dynamics.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.265-274
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• 1997

All landscapes are mosaics of habitat patches of different types. Therefore, there are always edged between habitat patches in a landscape. Forest animal has an important role in vegetation development and maintenance by seed dispersal around forest. Movement of animals depends on the spatially heterogeneous structure and pattern of vegetation landscapes because each animal has special habitats in a landscape. Especially, forast edge with high permeability and prey density is one of the important habitats to the animals. Therefore, understanding the ecological characteristics of the forest edges as a corridor connecting mosaic vegetation patches is necessa교 새 establish the strategies for the nature conservation and sustainable vegetation management. Under this idea, we examined the animal influenced on pine seeds as one of the method of monitoring the animal activity in mosaic vegetation. Man-made mosaic vegetations including open, edge and inner forests were carefully selected in the rural landscape. We carried out predation test on pine seeds during one year. A result was that damages on seed was more significant at forest edge than inner and open forest. Pine seed on seedbeds was mainly attacked by squirrels and mice than birds. Pine seed was damaged by squirrels in different types of vegetation by seasons. Rate of seed predation at forest edge was, in special, higher than that of other sites. According to this results, it is suggested that the relationship between animal behavior and spatial vegetation structure relating to human impact such as the distance from settlement to vegetation appeares to be in the rural vegetation landscape.

• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 2003년도 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.23-24
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• 2003

The goal of this study is to develop a biomarker used in monitoring abnormal behaviors of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) as a model organism caused by hazardous chemicals. Japanese medaka was treated by copper and fluoranthene of appropriate sublethal concentrations after starvation for 48 hr. In this study we investigated neural toxicity of copper and fluoranthene in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) along with comparative analysis of corresponding behavioral responses. The untreated individuals showed common behavioral characteristics (i.e., smooth and linear movements). Locomotive activity of the fish was monitored using an image processing and automatic data acquisition system. When treated with copper (100 ppb), the fish showed shaking patterns more frequently. As the concentration of copper increased to 1,000 ppb, activity decreased, and the fish showed an erratic movement. The treated with fluoranthene, however, showed stopping and abrupt change of orientation (100 ppb), and severely reduced locomotive activity and enhanced surfacing activity (1,000 ppb).

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2007

In this paper, an analytical model is developed to describe the dynamic characteristics of a roller bearing. In order to obtain accurate dynamic response of roller bearing, each roller is modeled as a rigid body, which has radial and axial movement and rotational constraints. Beam element between outer race segments is used to consider flexibility of outer race. Beam deflection is calculated from beam forces and used for contact between roller and outer race. The efficient contact search kinematics and algorithms in the context of the compliance contact model are implemented to detect the interactions between roller and race for the sake of speedy and robust solutions. The numerical results are validated with another analysis results which are calculated using waviness condition. Increasing rollers, dynamic responses are compared with each other. In order to confirm dynamic behavior and nonlinear characteristic of roller bearing, Poincare map is used.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.82-91
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• 2020

Electroencephalography (EEG) produces time-series data of neural oscillations in the brain, and is one of the most commonly used methods for investigating both normal brain functions and brain disorders. Quantitative EEG analysis enables identification of frequencies and brain activity that are activated or impaired. With studies on the structural and functional networks of the brain, the concept of the brain as a complex network has been fundamental to understand normal brain functions and the pathophysiology of various neurological disorders. Functional connectivity is a measure of neural synchrony in the brain network that refers to the statistical interdependency between neural oscillations over time. In this review, we first discuss the basic methods of EEG analysis, including preprocessing, spectral analysis, and functional-connectivity and graph-theory measures. We then review previous EEG studies of brain network characterization in several neurological disorders, including epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder. Identifying the EEG-based network characteristics might improve the understanding of disease processes and aid the development of novel therapeutic approaches for various neurological disorders.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2016

This review deals with one of the surface modification techniques, chemical conversion coating and particularly cerium-based conversion coatings (CeCC) as a promising substitute for chromium and phosphate conversion coating on magnesium and its alloys. The CeCCs are commonly considered environmentally friendly. The effects of surface preparation, coating thickness, bath composition, and e-paint on the corrosion behavior of CeCCs have been studied on the AZ31 magnesium alloy. This review also correlates the coating microstructural, morphological, and chemical characteristics with the processing parameters and corrosion protection. Results showed that the as-deposited coating system consists of a three layer structure (1) a nanocrystalline MgO transition layer in contact with the Mg substrate, (2) a nanocrystalline CeCC layer, and (3) an outer amorphous CeCC layer. The nanocrystalline CeCC layer thickness is a function of immersion time and cerium salt used. The overall corrosion protection was crucially dependent on the presence of coating defects. The corrosion resistance of AZ31 magnesium alloy was better for thinner CeCCs, which can be explained by the presence of fewer and smaller cracks. On the other hand, maximum corrosion protection was achieved when AZ31 magnesium samples with thin CeCCs are e-painted. The e-paint layer further restricts and hinders the movement of chloride and other aggressive ions present in the environment from reaching the magnesium surface.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2021

Purpose: To presenting basic data for the spatial composition required when planning the future department of rehabilitation medicine by analyzing the spatial composition of the location, size, area, and plan type of the rehabilitation department of the Regional Public Hospital. Methods: 3 Methods have been used in this paper. 1) Analyzing drawings to derive the net floor area of each room. 2) A literature survey about rehabilitation healthcare system. 3) Observation survey for user circulation analysis. Results: 1) Rehabilitation is an overall process of treatment that helps to play a role as an individual in society, away from the perspective of treating physical damage. The Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of the local medical center must provide rehabilitation medical services corresponding to the recovery and maintenance period for community rehabilitation. 2) The Department of Rehabilitation Medicine can be classified into diagnostics area, examination area, treatment area, management area, and interface area based on the rehabilitation treatment process. Implication: It can be used as basic data when planning related facilities by analyzing the characteristics of the space plan of the required room according to the relationship between activities, movement lines, and operation plans based on user behavior.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.210-217
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to develop a physical activity program for problem drinkers living in side rooms(Jjok-bang) based on the health belief model. In order to develop a physical activity program suitable for and applicable to the characteristics of the problem drinkers, the detailed components of the health belief model and the learning goals for each program were linked. It consists of a total of 10 activities, and in the introductory stage of each program, physical examination and gymnastics were conducted, and in the development stage, 10 physical activities were conducted to help the movement of large and small muscles and concentration. In the final stage of organizing, it consisted of time to express one's emotions through writing and painting and to reflect. The developed program was commissioned by an expert to derive the content validity coefficient (CVI=.75). Through the physical activity program developed in this study, it is believed that the problem drinking behavior of problem drinkers living in side rooms can be gradually reduced. The physical activity program developed in this study is expected to gradually reduce the problems of problem drinkers living in Jjock-bang. In the next step, we propose a study that quantitatively and qualitatively analyzes the intervention effect by applying this program to clients.