• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.97-106
• /
• 2008

Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate the effects of Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture therapy in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. Methods : We investigated 16 patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. We divided patients into two groups : Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture was performed with acupuncture therapy for one group, and the other group received acupuncture therapy only. To evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment applied to the two groups, we used the Visual Analog Scale(VAS) and the Oswestry Low-back Pain Disability Index(ODI). We compared the VAS and ODI scores of the two groups statistically. Results : The Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture group received more effective relief than the acupunctureonly group as measured by decreasedpain and disability reported on the VAS and ODI by patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. Conclusions: Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture therapy can be used in addition to acupuncture therapy for highly effective treatment of patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. Further clinical studies are needed to verify these findings.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.225-228
• /
• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this report is to show the clinical efficiency of korean medical treatments with Bee Venom pharmacopuncture therapy on patient of Trigeminal Neuralgia. Methods : The patient was treated with Bee Venom pharmacopuncture, acupuncture, electroacupuncture, cupping venesection treatment, and herbal medicine. Visual Analog Scale was used to evaluate the improvement of pain after all treatments. Results : Visual Analog Scale was improved from 10 to 2 after korean medical treatment including Bee Venom pharmacopuncture. Conclusions : Korean medical treatments with Bee Venom pharmacopuncture can be effective for improving symptoms of Trigeminal Neuralgia.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.55-62
• /
• 2008

Objective Sweet bee venom is made by removing allergen from the bee venom through gel filtration chromatography and propionic acid/urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The aim of this study was to verify allergy inhibitory action in Sweet Bee Venom(SBV) and New Sweet Bee Venom(NSBV) removed enzymes and compounds of low molecular weight. Methods 84 healthy adult men and women were selected through a survey whom had never received the bee venom therapy in the past. The concentration of Normal Saline, SBV and NSBV pharmacopuncture was equally at 0.1mg/mL and the experiment was conducted as the double blind test. Results Participants of the study was comprised of 63 men and 21 women with the average age of 28.3 years. According to results of pain sense, SBV group showed significant higher score compared with NS group and NSBV group using VAS in treating time. And SBV and NSBV group showed significant higher score compared with NS group after 30 minutes. Other allergic responses were insignificant between the groups. Conclusions As a result of removed allergen and compounds of low molecular weight, NSBV significantly inhibits pain sense in treating time compared with SBV. This indicates wider and easier application of NSBV for the useful application in clinical treatment. Further comparative studies should be conducted to yield more objective verification.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.99-108
• /
• 2005

Objective : The aim of this study is to investigate the analgesic effect and its mechanism of bee venom acupuncture on collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) rats. Methods : Bee venom (1 mg/kg) was subcutaneously punctured into Choksamni (ST36) of CIA Analgesic effect was evaluated by using the tail flick latency (TFL). Opioid and ${\alpha}2$-adrenergic neurotransmitter system were examined by naloxone as an opioid receptor antagonist and yohimbine as ${\alpha}2$-adrenoceptor antagonist prior to bee venom cupuncture. Results : The results were as follows; 1. The TFL for the CIA rat was decreased as time went by. 2. The TFL in CIA rat was increased in bee venom acupuncture group compared with control group (no treatment). 3. Analgesic effect of bee venom acupuncture was not abolished by naloxone pre-treatment in the CIA rat. 4. Analgesic effect of bee venom aqua-acupuncture was abolished by yohimbine pre-treatment in the CIA rat. 5. Two weeks bee venom acupuncture had the continous analgesic effect for 4 weeks. Conclusions : Bee venom acupuncture has an analgesic effect on the CIA rat and has an antinociception mediated by ${\alpha}2$-adrenergic system.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.109-115
• /
• 2002

Objective : This study was performed to evaluate the treatment of Acupuncture therapy including Herbal Acupuncture theraphy and Korean Bee Venom Theraphy in Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome. Methods : We treated 1 case of Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome patient with mainly Korean Bee Venom Theraphy, and herbal Acupuncture, acupuncture theraphy from 27th August, 2001 to February, 2003. Results : After 3 weeks of Korean Bee Venom Theraphy, and herbal Acupuncture, acupuncture theraphy, a remarkable improvement was made for Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome. Conclusions : Korean Bee Venom Theraphy and other acupuncture therapies were effective in reducing the symptoms. We think that it need the further study and clinical trial for Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.5-19
• /
• 2007

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Bee Venom and Sweet Bee Venom to the primary cultured preadipocyte, adipocytes, and localized fat tissue. Methods Decreased preadipocyte proliferation and decreased lipogenesis are mechanisms to reduce obesity. So, preadipocytes and adipocytes were performed on cell cultures using Sprague-Dawley Rats and treated with 0.01-1mg/ml Bee Venom and Sweet Bee Venom. And porcine skin including fat tissue after treated Bee Venom and Sweet Bee Venom according to the dosage dependent variation are investigated the histologic changes after injection of these Pharmacopuncture. Result Following results were obtained from the preadipocyte proliferation and lipolysis of adipocyte and histologic investigation of fat tissue. 1. Bee Venom and Sweet Bee Venom showed the effect of decreased preadipocyte proliferation depend on concentration. 2. Bee Venom and Sweet Bee Venom showed the effect of decreased the activity of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GPDH) significantly. 3. Bee Venom was not showed the effect of lipolysis, but Sweet Bee Venom was increased in low dosage and decreased in high dosage. 4. Investigated the histologic changes in porcine fat tissue after treated Bee Venom and Sweet Bee Venom, we knew that these Pharmacopuncture was activated nonspecific lysis of cell membranes depend on concentration. Conclusion These results suggest that Bee Venom and Sweet Bee Venom efficiently induces decreased proliferation of preadipocyte and lipolysis in adipose tissue.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.16 no.1 s.29
• /
• pp.227-249
• /
• 1995

Pursuant to the Medical Product Safety Administration Guidelines for safety assessment of Korean bee vonom for herb-acupuncture, rabbits were used for skin, eye balls, subcutaneous and muscle irritation test. The results were as follows; 1. The skin irritation test of bee venom for herb-acupuncture did not produce any irritation reactions, when the skin was covered with bee venom. 2. The eye irritation test produced moderate to severe stimulating reactions, once the eye mucous membrane was contacted with bee venom. 3. The subcutaneous and muscle irritation test of bee venom showed such local inflammatory reactions as death of cells, infiltration of inflamed cells, dropsical swelling, and congestion, once injected under the skin and in the muscle. As the results of the study on bee venom for herb-acupuncture indicate that severe reactions in such tests as eye balls, subcutancous and muscle irritation exist in the laboratory, more professional caution should be taken in clinical application of the therapy. In addition, further study on subacute, chronic toxicity and allergy reactions should be pursued.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.20 no.1 s.37
• /
• pp.106-112
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Bee Venom Herb-Acupuncture on the jaw opening reflex evoked by tooth pulp stimulation. Rats were anesthetized with thiopental sodium given intraperitoneally in an initial dose of 80mg/kg. Maintenance doses of 5mg/kg thiopental sodium were given through a cannular in the femoral vein as required to maintain light anesthesia. To apply noxious stimuli, a pair of enameled wires were inserted into the tooth pulp of the lower incisor. The effects of conditioning stimuli were estimated as an indicator of the degree of suppression of the digastric muscle electromyogram(dEMG) in the jaw opening reflex. Bee Venom Herb- Acupuncture(0.2% solution 0.1ml/rat) was injected to Hapgok(LI4) loci. In addition, Normal Saline (0.1ml/rat) was injected to Hapgok loci so as to compare the degree of suppression elicited from Bee-Venom. By administration of Bee Venom Herb-Acupuncture, the amplitude of dEMG was maximally suppressed to $67.5{\pm}3.38%$ ipsilaterally, 73.33{\pm}8.00%$ contralaterally. Generally, the dEMG activities caused by electrical stimulation were gradually suppressed during the stimulation and maximal suppressive effect showed at 15min after its onset. However the dEMG activities by Be Venom Herb-Acupuncture were immediately suppressed after its onset and the suppressive effect continued for a long time compared to electrical stimulation. In conclusion, Bee Venom Herb-Acupuncture may have a different mechanism of analgesia from that of electro-acupuncture and contribute to the modulation of pain analgesia.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2015

Purpose : This research was conducted to investigate the effect of sweet bee venom pharmacopuncture and low level laser acupuncture on paw edema, pain index, anti-inflammatory factor, AST, ALT and complete blood cell count of a rat model with Complete Freund's Adjuvant-induced arthritis. Methods : Five experimental groups were formed with each consisting of six rats: normal group, control group, sweet bee venom pharmacopuncture group, lower level laser acupuncture group, and sweet bee venom pharmacopuncture, lower level laser acupuncture group. The experimental model of arthritis was induced by two injections of Freund's adjuvant into the left knee joint of Sprague Dawley(SD) rats. The second injection of Freund's adjuvant was given ten days after the first one. Ten days later, sweet bee venom pharmacopuncture and low level laser acupuncture were administered separately or together by assigned groups at $GB_{34}$ and $GB_{39}$ of rats twice a week for a total of six times. Thereafter, edema rate, pain index, tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, interleukin-6, aspartate aminortansferase, alanine aminotransferase and complete blood cell count were measured. Results : We noticed synergic effects of sweet bee venom pharmacopuncture and low level laser acupuncture according to the results of the paw edema and Von Frey pain index. The sweet bee venom pharmacopuncture(BVA) and sweet bee venom pharmacopuncture+ low level laser acupuncture(BVA+LLA) groups experienced a more significant effect when compared with the control group. Conclusions : These results suggest that Sweet Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture and low level laser acupuncture at GB34 and GB39 have a significant anti-inflammatory effect on Freund's adjuvant arthritis in rats.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.155-160
• /
• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of Bee venom Pharmarcopuncture on facial palsy in Herpes Zoster otiucus. Methods : We used the acupuncture and Bee venom Pharmarcopuncture complex therapies on facial palsy in Herpes Zoster otiucus occurred in pregnancy. The improvement of the symptom and facial movement was evaluated by VAS and Yanagihara scale. Results & Conclusions : After treatment, both VAS and Yanagihara's scale were significantly improved. In this case, we found that the acupuncture and Bee venom Pharmarcopuncture complex therapy is effective for facial palsy in Herpes Zoster otiucus.