• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.864-865
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• 2011

Battery Disconnecting System (BDS) is the important equipment in electric vehicle system. Therefore, most of electric vehicle companies, i.e. Hyundai Motors, Renault Motors, General Motors, want to have the reliability of 15 years - 150, 000 miles. Recently, reliability prediction through Siemens Norm SN 29500 is considered without testing. In this paper, we will introduce the standard and various input parameters. Also the case study will be shown for BDS. Prediction model is constructed by listing all the components of BDS. It calculates the $\pi$ factors for each components using the conversion equation in the standard and converts the reference failure rates to the expected operating failure rates. According to the result, the parts which will be improved are EV-Relays.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.269-283
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• 2021

The government policies and initiatives to guarantee sustainable energy and clean environmental conditions contributed to the introduction of green technology electricity appliances in the market. This study sought to determine the physiological and socio-economics-demographic factors driving residential electricity consumers to use green technology electricity appliances, mainly solar PV, smart meter, electric vehicle, and battery storage technology. By understanding consumer intention, the investors of solar PV, battery storage, electric vehicle, and smart meter can estimate the demand and upscale the market for the corresponding products. For that purpose, the intention to use the solar PV, smart meter, electric vehicle, and battery storage function is developed by utilizing the combination of the theory of planned behavior, technology acceptance, and reasoning action. A reliable and valid structured online questionnaire and stepwise multiple regression are used to identify the possible factors that drive consumer behavior intention. The results show that the social influence, knowledge on RE, and perceived price significantly influence residential consumers' willingness to adopt the technologies offered. The findings of this study suggest that the involvement of NGOs, public figures, and citizens' cooperation are all necessary to spread information about the government's objectives and support Malaysia's present energy and environmental policies.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.300-308
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• 2016

Application of demand-side resources to automatic generation control (AGC) has a great significance for improving the dynamic control performance of power system frequency regulation. This paper investigates the possibility of providing regulation services by demand-side energy storage in electric vehicle battery swapping stations (BSS). An interaction framework, namely station-to-grid (S2G), is presented to integrate BSS energy storage into power grid for giving benefits to frequency regulation. The BSS can be regarded as a lumped battery energy storage station through S2G framework. A supplementary AGC method using demand-side BSS energy storage is developed considering the vehicle user demand of battery swapping. The effects to the AGC performance are evaluated through simulations by using a two-area interconnected power grid model with step and random load disturbance. The results show that the demand-side BSS can significantly suppress the frequency deviation and tie-line power fluctuations.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.07b
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• pp.1223-1225
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• 2002

This paper has described in Electric Vehicle Battery Management System(EV BMS). EV BMS manages the input/output energy of the traction battery, and provides the optimum environment condition during charging/ driving through the communication with other controllers. In this paper, we introduce our BMS for Santa Fe EV. Hyundai Motor Company has been developed EV since 1990. Recently, Santa Fe EV has been demonstrating with the environmental friendly technology. Two year real road testing program with electric powered Santa Fe is being undertaken by HMC in Hawaii.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.1629-1633
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• 2004

In this paper, we first implement the simulation environment to investigate the efficient control method of a Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) system with battery. The subsystems of a FCEV including the fuel cell system, the electric motor (including the power electronics) and the tansmission (reduction gear), and the auxiliary power source (battery) are mathematically fomulated and coded using the Matlab/Simulink software. Some examples are given to show the capabilities of the modeled system and d a basic control strategy is examined for the economic energy distribution between the fuel cell and the auxiliary power source. It is illustrated by simulations that the actual vehicle velocity follows the given desired velocity pattern while both SOC control and power distribution control are being performed.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.348-359
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• 2022

Interest in electric vehicle is on the rise due to global eco-friendly policies. To improve the efficiency of electric vehicles, it is essential to reduce weights of components. Since electric vehicles have various electronic equipment, the research on stray current corrosion is required. In this research, a galvanostatic corrosion experiment was performed on 6061-T6 Al alloy for electric vehicle battery housing using chloride concentration and applied current density as variables in a solution simulating an acid rain environment. As a result of the experiment, when chloride concentration and applied current density were increased, corrosion damage became larger. In particular, pitting damage was dominant at an applied current density of 0.1 mA/cm². Pitting damage over the entire surface was found at a current density of 1.0 mA/cm². In conclusion, chloride concentration had a relatively large effect on localized corrosion. The applied current density had a great effect on uniform corrosion. However, in the case of applied current density, localized corrosion was also greatly affected by interaction with chloride.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.661-675
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• 2022

In this paper, an electric vehicle drives with efficient control and low cost hardware using four quadrant DC converter with Permanent Magnet Direct Current (PMDC) motor fed by DC boost converter is presented. The main idea of this work is to improve the energy efficiency of the conversion chain of an electric vehicle by inserting a boost converter between the battery and the four quadrant-DC motor chopper assembly. Consequently, this method makes it possible to maintain the amplification gain of the 4 quadrant chopper constant regardless of the battery voltage drop and even in the presence of a fault in the battery. One of the most important control problems is control under heavy uncertainty conditions. The higher order sliding mode control technique is introduced for the adjustment of DC bus voltage and mechanical motor speed. To implement the proposed approach in the automotive field, experimental tests were carried out. The performances obtained show the usefulness of this system for a better energy management of an electric vehicle and an ideal control under different operating conditions and constraints, mostly at nominal operation, in the presence of a load torque, when reversing the direction of rotation of the motor speed and even in case of battery chamber failure. The whole system has been tested experimentally and its performance has been analyzed.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.537-540
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• 2005

A battery is the primary energy source device presently used in hybrid electric vehicle. It can store much energy, but cannot provide enough current without inefficient units. However, an ultracapcitor can provide much current, but cannot store much energy. It will have better fuel economy by combining the two energy sources in parallel. The purpose of this paper is making the simulator of the two HEV systems. The one has only battery, the other have battery and ultarcapacitor in parallel. To compare the fuel economy, dynamic programing was used for optimization and prius was used for HEV model.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.1729-1738
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• 2014

The offline verification of state of charge estimation, power estimation, fault diagnosis and emergency control of battery management system (BMS) is one of the key technologies in the field of electric vehicle battery system. It is difficult to test and verify the battery management system software in the early stage, especially for algorithms such as system state estimation, emergency control and so on. This article carried out the virtual environment modeling for verification of battery management system. According to the input/output parameters of battery management system, virtual environment is determined to run the battery management system. With the integration of the developed BMS model and the external model, the virtual environment model has been established for battery management system in the vehicle's working environment. Through the virtual environment model, the effectiveness of software algorithm of BMS was verified, such as battery state parameters estimation, power estimation, fault diagnosis, charge and discharge management, etc.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.33 no.12
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• pp.1015-1020
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• 2016

An advantage of electric vehicles is that they are environmentally sustainable because they do not emit exhaust gases, such as $CO_2$ or Nox. A disadvantage is the low power performance of the motor and battery source, necessitating a reduction in the weight of the vehicle to increase efficiency. Another disadvantage is that the rechargeable battery enables an electric vehicle to only run for a limited number of miles before requiring electric charging. To solve these problems, the hybrid vehicle has been developed by combining environmental sustainability with the high performance of a conventional internal combustion engine. In this study, an electric UTV (Utility Terrain Vehicle) was transformed into a hybrid vehicle system by outfitting the vehicle with a drive auxiliary power system including a 125 cc internal combustion engine. This modification enabled us to extend the range of the hybrid UTV from 50km to 100km per one electric charging.