• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.283-304
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• 2008

According to globalization and localization of world economics international trade payment method was also changed. A traditional payment was Letter of Credit basis, however it is being increased to various methods such as remittance, documentary collection(D/P, D/A) and open account. In order to acquire a secure export payment, exporters prefer to L/C basis which is guaranteed by a reliable bank. However, the L/C should bear a security so that importers would rather documentary collection than L/C. The reasons for the preference of collection payment rather than L/C are a low commission cost, the conversion of buyer's market from seller's market due to severe competition in the world market, transaction increase between main office and branches and a right to control the goods until executing the payment by exporters. Besides of them, collection payment can handle safer and faster than open account basis. However, the collection payment has a risk which it isn't guaranteed by bank for the payment so that I would suggest countermeasures to minimize the payment risk utilizing the collection basis as follows; using export credit insurance system, a large domestic credit report provider such as D&B for absolutely fresh and new information, a collection proxy service for overseas deferred credit and suggestion specifying to order B/L not straight one on consignee in order to transfer the right of ownership with endorsement without problem.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.467-472
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• 2005

ECG signals are recorded for diagnostic purposes in many clinical situations. Also, In order to permit good clinical interpretation, data is needed at high resolutions and sampling rates. Therefore In this paper, we designed to compression structure using multiple wavelet basis function(SWBF) and compared to single wavelet basis function(SWBF) and discrete cosine transform(DCT). For experience objectivity, Simulation was performed using the arrhythmia data with sampling frequency 360Hz, resolution lIbit at MIT-BIH database. An estimate of performance estimate evaluate the reconstruction error. Consequently compression structure using MWBF has high performance result.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2005

A new model of plasma etch process was constructed by using a radial basis function network (RBFN). This technique was applied to an etching of silicon carbide films in a NF$_3$ inductively coupled plasma. Experimental data to train RBFN were systematically collected by means of a 2$^4$ full factorial experiment. Appropriateness of prediction models was tested with test data consisted of 16 experiments not pertaining to the training data. Prediction performance was optimized with variations in three training factors, the number of pattern units, width of radial basis function, and initial weight distribution between the pattern and output layers. The etch responses to model were an etch rate and a surface roughness measured by atomic force microscopy. Optimized models had the root mean-squared errors of 26.1 nm/min and 0.103 nm for the etch rate and surface roughness, respectively. Compared to statistical regression models, RBFN models demonstrated an improvement of more than 20 % and 50 % for the etch rate and surface roughness, respectively. It is therefore expected that RBFN can be effectively used to construct prediction models of plasma processes.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.170-181
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• 2018

Because of the design and construction requirements, the nuclear structures need to maintain the structural integrity under both design state and extreme earthquake shaking. The base-isolation technology can significantly reduce the damages of structures under extreme earthquake events, and effectively protect the safeties of structures and internal equipment. This study proposes a base-isolation design for the AP1000 nuclear shield building on considering the performance requirements of the seismic isolation systems and devices of shield building. The seismic responses of isolated and nonisolated shield buildings subjected to design basis earthquake (DBE) shaking and beyond-design basis earthquake (BDBE) shaking are analyzed, and three different strategies for controlling the displacements subjected to BDBE shaking are performed. By comparing with nonisolated shield buildings, the floor acceleration spectra of isolated shield buildings, relative displacement, and base shear force are significantly reduced in high-frequency region. The results demonstrate that the base-isolation technology is an effective approach to maintain the structural integrity which subjected to both DBE and BDBE shaking. A displacement control design for isolation layers subjected to BDBE shaking, which adopts fluid dampers for controlling the horizontal displacement of isolation layer is developed. The effectiveness of this simple method is verified through numerical analysis.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.41-48
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• 2005

This paper presents a face recognition method based on the combination of well-known statistical representations of Principal Component Analysis(PCA), and Linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA) with Radial Basis Function Networks. The original face image is first processed by PCA to reduce the dimension, and thereby avoid the singularity of the within-class scatter matrix in LDA calculation. The result of PCA process is applied to LDA classifier. In the second approach, the LDA process Produce a discriminational features of the face image, which is taken as the input of the Radial Basis Function Network(RBFN). The proposed approaches has been tested on the ORL face database. The experimental results have been demonstrated, and the recognition rate of more than 93.5% has been achieved.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.59 no.7
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• pp.1320-1326
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• 2010

In this paper, we develop a design methodology of granular-based neurocomputing networks realized with the aid of the clustering techniques. The objective of this paper is modeling and evaluation of approximation and generalization capability of the Linear-Type Superconducting Power Supply (LTSPS). In contrast with the plethora of existing approaches, here we promote a development strategy in which a topology of the network is predominantly based upon a collection of information granules formed on a basis of available experimental data. The underlying design tool guiding the development of the granular-based neurocomputing networks revolves around the Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering method and the Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network. In contrast to "standard" Radial Basis Function neural networks, the output neuron of the network exhibits a certain functional nature as its connections are realized as local linear whose location is determined by the membership values of the input space with the aid of FCM clustering. To modeling and evaluation of performance of the linear-type superconducting power supply using the proposed network, we describe a detailed characteristic of the proposed model using a well-known NASA software project data.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.255-258
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• 2004

Efficient finite field operation in the elliptic curve (EC) public key cryptography algorithm, which attracts much of latest issues in the applications in information security, is very important. Traditional serial finite multipliers root from Mastrovito's serial multiplication architecture. In this paper, we adopt the polynomial basis and propose a new finite field multiplier, inducing numerical expressions which can be applied to exhibit 3 times as much performance as the Mastrovito's. We described the proposed multiplier with HDL to verify and evaluate as a proper hardware IP. HDL-implemented serial GF (Galois field) multiplier showed 3 times as fast speed as the traditional serial multiplier's adding only Partial-sum block in the hardware.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.475-490
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• 2019

The detection of structural damage without a priori information on the healthy state is challenging. In order to address the issue, the study presents a baseline-free approach to detect damage in beam structures based on an actual influence line. In particular, a multi-segment function-fitting calculation is developed to extract the actual deflection influence line (DIL) of a damaged beam from bridge responses due to a passing vehicle. An intact basis function based on the measurement position is introduced. The damage index is defined as the difference between the actual DIL and a constructed function related to the intact basis, and the damage location is indicated based on the local peak value of the damage index curve. The damage basis function is formulated by using the detected damage location. Based on the intact and damage basis functions, damage severity is quantified by fitting the actual DIL using the least-square calculation. Both numerical and experimental examples are provided to investigate the feasibility of the proposed method. The results indicate that the present baseline-free approach is effective in detecting the damage of beam structures.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.453-460
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• 2022

Objective: The objective was to test additivity of digestible energy and nutrient concentrations in the hatchery byproduct mixture fed to nursery pigs. Methods: In the previous studies, energy, phosphorus, calcium, and amino acid digestibility of infertile eggs, unhatched eggs, culled chicks, and a mixture of 3 hatchery byproduct ingredients was determined in nursery pigs (initial body weight = 9.4 to 14.2 kg). An additivity test was conducted using these determined values. Results: No difference was observed between determined and predicted metabolizable energy values in the mixture (3,998 and 3,990 kcal/kg as-is basis, respectively). Measured standardized total tract digestible phosphorus in the mixture was less than the predicted value (4.5 vs 5.3 g/kg as-is basis, respectively; p<0.05). Measured standardized total tract digestible calcium in the mixture was greater compared with the predicted value (40.0 vs 31.7 g/kg as-is basis, respectively; p<0.05). Measured standardized ileal digestible tryptophan in the mixture was greater than the predicted value (3.7 vs 3.1 g/kg as-is basis, respectively; p<0.05) whereas other amino acid values were additive. Conclusion: Energy and most of amino acid concentrations in hatchery byproducts are additive in the mixture fed to nursery pigs.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.139-145
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• 2023

It is essential to determine a proper earthquake time history as a seismic load in a seismic design for a critical structure. In the code, a seismic load should satisfy a design response spectrum and include the characteristic of a target fault. The characteristic of a fault can be represented by a definition of a type of possible earthquake time history shape that occurred in a target fault. In this paper, the pseudo-basis function is proposed to be used to construct a specific type of earthquake, including the characteristic of a target fault. The pseudo-basis function is derived from analyzing the earthquake time history of specific fault harmonic wavelet transform. To show the feasibility of this method, the proposed method was applied to the faults causing the Gyeong-Ju ML5.8 and Pohang ML5.3 earthquakes.