• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.20
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• pp.17-25
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• 1999

The curriculum analysis of lighting design course in the Interior architecture departments in American universities reveals they share a major concern in the basic lighting theories, the sorts of light source and lighting equipment, daylighting, and interior lighting plav. The curriculum is usually composed of two semesters, the first semester being about lighting theory and simple project, while the second one abut more professional fields of design studio. The curriculum of lighting design at the Interior architecture departments in Korean colleges and universities usually consists of introductory courses in the field. Almost every institution allocated only one semester for the courses, and as the courses should cover the broad range within a short time, they were lacked in the required depth and systematic approach. The analysis also reveals the curriculum in Korea puts emphasis on the interior lighting equipment design, while disregarding the importance of daylighting. In comparison, American institutions have their curriculum focused upon the use of daylighting. The curriculum of lighting design courses in Korea, a major part of space rendering methods in the field of Interior Architecture, should be improved without delay. The courses should be included in the required subjects and the educational aims should be changed from offering a general understanding of the concepts to providing professional knowledge and skills, which would contribute to the competitiveness of the departments.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.3
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• pp.26-33
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• 1997

Problem-Based Learning(PBL) is at the forefront of educational reform. The acceptance of PBL as an educational approach with wide application represents a major change in thinking about educational processes and their relationships to the wider community. In 1969, PBL as a method was introduced at the Medical School of McMaster University in Hamilton, Canada. The most important advantages in PBL are acquiring knowledge that can be retrieved and applied, learning to learn(self-directed learning) and learning to analyze and solve Problems. PBL is widely used within the sector where it had its origin, namely health profession education. A generally accepted starting point in the development of a problem-based curriculum is the set of professional competencies of future graduates, which describe the typical problems professionals have to deal with. Formulating learning objectives highly depends on the format and content of the presented problems. Contrary to that, in a classic course in higher education, it is customary that teachers express objectives in a compulsory subject matter. Curricula which advocate problem-based learning generally use case studies in the form of paper cases, simulations and real patients with the intention of stimulating classroom discussion of clinical and basic science concepts within a problem-solving framework. One goal of using paper cases is to stimulate the learning of basic science within a clinical situation. Through self-directed study the students solve problems and explore the psycho-social dimensions within the cases. The general outcome based on the program evaluation research of PBL is that PBL students respond positively about the learning experience. In summary, PBL is a curriculum design and a teaching/learning strategy which simultaneously develops higher order thinking and disciplinary knowledge bases and skills by placing students in the active role of practitioners(or problem solvers) confronted with a situation(ill-structured problem) which reflects the real world.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.23
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• pp.253-284
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• 1995

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the current status of reference education and to suggest directions for reference education in America and in Korea. For this purpose, the historical developments of reference services, and the names, problems and changes of reference courses are studied. The findings of the study can be summarized as follows; 1. The names of reference courses are various. In America, On-Line Services or Information Services are used in general, but in Korea, Reference Services are widely used. 2. In America, some library schools have only subject literature courses including business, law, music, etc. instead of basic reference courses. 3. Only one reference course is given by most schools in America and in Korea. However, a few schools which have no graduate courses provide two reference courses in Korea. 4. Analysis of textbooks used in reference courses shows that Reference Research by Joon-Shik Park, Reference Services and Reference Sources by Ock-Soon Noh are used in general. In addition, Introduction to Reference Work by Katz is used. 5. Lecture methods are generally used in teaching reference courses, but reviews of reference materials in library, class presentation, and case study method are also used. It is desirable that role playing and pathfinders' used in U.S. are introduced to our schools. 6. Analysis of library user instruction courses in Korea shows that 7 of 11 universities have the courses,, only one university teaches library user instruction as a part of reference courses, 3 universities don't. 7. Analysis of opinions about the directions for reference education shows that changes of reference courses names, expansion of courses contents, emphasis on communication technique, changes of teaching methods, proper combination of theory vs. practice, an increase in electronic reference education and training of subject specialist are needed.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.905-912
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• 2009

We propose a doubly penalized kernel machine (DPKM) which uses heteroscedastic location-scale model as basic model and estimates both mean and volatility functions simultaneously by kernel machines. We also present the model selection method which employs the generalized approximate cross validation techniques for choosing the hyperparameters which affect the performance of DPKM. Artificial examples are provided to indicate the usefulness of DPKM for the mean and volatility functions estimation.

• Educational Technology International
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.171-192
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• 2010

This study was to investigate the elaborated project based learning model for scientifically gifted in the context of R & E project learning. It is important for the scientifically gifted to provide the appropriate learning environments instead of general learning model for the gifted. Although R & E project learning model is effective, the model has the limitations of managing the course for the scientifically gifted. To improve R & E learning model, the elaborated project based learning model was suggested with integration of both project based learning model and goal based scenario. The elaborated project-based learning model was comprised with 'basic learning process', 'elaboration through inquiry', and 'presentation and reflection'. To measure the satisfaction, eighty scientifically gifted students participated in the class. The result shows that learners were satisfied with the elaborated project-based learning up to 90%, and teachers were satisfied with this model up to 77%.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.120-126
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• 2000

This study was intended to grasp the history of nursing education from the beginning to the present in Korea, and grip and look-out current diversified systems of nursing education on basis of February, 2000 through literatural review and investigation by close telephone interviews. The basic nursing educational institutions in the whole country were total 113, namely, 3 years course, 65 junior colleges of nursing, and 4 years course, 48 colleges of nursing. And there were 3 types of continuing nursing educational system: two of three were transferring to another college for gain bachelor's degree in nursing; RN-BSN programs and university of broadcasting, and the other was the system of independent learning and then examination for BSN. Total nursing graduates from junior college of nursing courses and college of nursing courses were 7,564 on February, 1999. In general graduate school, the number of master courses were 21 and Ph.D courses were 13. And the number of special graduate schools were 21, i.e., graduate school of education were 7, graduate school of administration were 2, graduate school of public health were 11 and graduate school of industry was 1. As the perspective on nursing education, we overviewed changing nursing organizational environment, increasing the system of continuing education, making standards in nursing education and systemization of nursing educational accreditation, specialization of nursing, information system in nursing education and education of graduate school. The summary of the above overviewed subjects were as follows; Every nursing educational institution needed to educate by educational criteria and standard and characteristically run BSN and graduate courses. Specialization in nursing has to develop more and more, therefore advanced education and law should be prepared appropriately. According to the age's and social needs, we have to establish counter-plan for fundamental educational environment. We have to sensitive to rapidly changing information in the era of globalization. In the level of university education, each university needs characterization of educational objectives, goals and contents, and has to replace the shortage of the number of professor. And the regulation of thesis and dissertation examinations need to be reinforced. Education in nursing should consists with specialization. Collaboration among universities will bring efficiency in the nursing education.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.55-66
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• 1995

The goals of nursing education, and the bases for evaluating them depend on the goals of nursing practice. In order to prepare for the coming twenty first century and the meet changing societal demands and health needs, it is necessary to develop a new conceptual framework for future nursing education. While hospitals will still be in significant components of the health care system, will no longer be central focus or dominant influence. Health care services will be more usually delivered at community base. The nursing education required by that new approach must provide for reconsidered about a concept of caring as nursing curriculum. The changes in health care delivery that have occured, now being proposed, for nursing education undergoing its own changes. So the philosophy and objectives of education meed to reconsidering about the caring concept and general nursing. Nurse educators must prepare students to practic in condition of constant change. At the same time nurse educators must emphasize preparation about that. The practice of science of caring in nursing draws on a basic knowledge of the behavioral knowledge, biophysical processes, pathological processes, nursing skills and procedures and various treatment regimes and problem solving to help decision making in nursing situations. The concept of care is probably one of the least understood ideas used by professional and nonprofessional people, yet it is probably one of the most improtant concepts to be understood by nursing. Human caring and human relationships are closely interrelated. Humn caring remains an essential dimension of professional work and the science of caring as essental to the discipline of nursing. It is expected that the objectives of nursing education will be accomplished when the course and content of the curriculum are based on this conceptual framework. One recurrent education goal with some consistency is that of equipping the student with the necessary skills to live effectively and productivly in the world of tomorrow. In the new vision we are developing, professional education must also include exposure to liberal arts, encouragement of critical thinking, and a moral context for advanced professional education that is based upon a contextual health policy and caring science educational model.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.11-23
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• 2017

Anatomy is one of the basic subjects of the nursing course, which is included in the curriculum of the nursing. Anatomy is a basic course for understanding major in nursing and it is the first gateway to acquire expertise. It is mainly opened in nursing and first to second grades. Therefore, students who have advanced to the nursing department have great interest and expectation on the anatomy subjects. In general, nursing students are studying anatomy with theories and models, and some universities practice on tour after dissection of medical consortium for short time. This is called the Cadaver practice. This study was carried out to investigate the thoughts and experiences of bioethics through nursing students' Cadaver practice. The interview data were processed through the analysis and interpretation process using the phenomenological research method, Giorgi method. As a result, 48 semantic units were derived, and then they were divided into 10 subcomponents and divided into 6 categories. As a result of the analysis, the experience of nursing students' bioethics was tied to the topic of six questions. For example, 'what about the respect and responsibility of nursing students in Cadaver?', 'What about your experience with the Cadaver experiment and bioethics?', 'What was the academic achievement of the actual human body structure viewing experience with cadaver?', 'What was the connection with theory?', 'What was your intention to recommend to others?', 'What was your perception and interest in the Cadaver experiment?'. Analyzes were integrated into 10 structures; "Thank you for your donation", "want others to refuse donation", "Burden of practice", "Good opportunities for learning", "Understand better", "Should study harder", "Memory is better", "Compared to theory", "Good experience", "Want to rejoin". The general structural description of the participants' meanings is summarized as follows. Nursing college students who participated in the Cadaver had a gratitude for the donor, but they said they would like to talk to others about donating organs. Before they went to practice, they felt a lot of pressure on the dissection of the cadaver, but they went to the practice and thought that it was a good opportunity to learn by doing well. Specifically, they understood that they had better understanding than the theoretical lesson, and that they were more eager to study their major through practice. In other words, most of them were more memorable and they would like to participate again if the opportunity comes next time. The results of this study show that the practice of Cadaver in nursing college students is very positive in terms of educational effectiveness. However, in terms of bioethics, it can be seen that the education process is somewhat unsatisfactory. Therefore, the systematic bioethics education should be prepared before the practice in the nursing college students' Cadaver practice.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.31-36
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• 2020

Virtual simulation education, which is one of the methods of executing engineering education, is spreading. In general online education, only theoretical learning-centered lessons and practical training of simple small projects are conducted remotely, and it is necessary to disseminate various educational contents. Due to the spread of smart factories these days, most producers use automatic control to produce, inspect and package their products. The operation of automation equipment is controlled by using electricity, and electricity-related learning is operated in various departments. Due to the characteristics of electricity, it is difficult to learn online due to safety issues and high cost of practical equipment. In this paper, we provide a simulation-based electrical control panel distance learning model to improve the sense of accomplishment of education related to electrical training. Through the experiment of the proposed model, it was confirmed that the learning was more satisfied with the virtual simulation education than the online education using the existing equipment. It is expected that it can be used as a basic course for automation equipment education in the future.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.97-111
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• 1995

In our society today, a variety of medical caring system, along with a scientific development in the area of oriental medical science plus national demand, has increased the augmentation and the opening of oriental wards and hospitals (Han Bang), which has come to create an additional requirement of nursing activity at oriental medicine wards should be different from that of the general wards or the same as the other. In view of this, various studies need to be made in this connection. The purpose of this study is to comprehend the number of nurses who want to work at oriental medicine wards and measure job satisfaction in nursing as compared with those working at general wards so as to provide basic materials for future assignment and supplementary training for the nurses. An attempt was made to contribute toward nursing administration on the one hand improving nursing training course on the other hand. A total of 72 nurses currently working at two oriental medicine hospitals available in Seoul and 82 general nurses were selected for this study using the questionaire from December 1993 to January 1994. An instrument for the study was based on the measurement of work satisfaction developed by Paula L. Stamps including 37 questions complemented by Kim for revision (1993) and 14 questions regarding general characteristics and oriental medicine wards. The instrument to test dependability showed Cronbach's=0.7711. The collected data have been processed by computer package SPSS. General characteristics of the two groups and the matters involved in oriental medicine wards were calculated into real figure and percentage an similarities between the two groups were analyzed by t-test and F-test according to the characteristics of variables. The comparative test on work satisfaction among the two groups including general characteristics and work factors were conducted by t-test and F-test. The major findings as a result of the study are as follows : 1. As general characteristics, age group of $26{\sim}30$ years are more than any segment of age. As to marital status, the number of those in single status is slightly higher than the married. Approximately 80% of them are graduates of nursing schools and nursing colleges. They are mostly in service for one to three years. There is no significant difference between the two groups. 2. The number of those who want to work at oriental medicine wards represents 40.3% against 58.4%, being in favor of general wards. 3. The reason for service at oriental medicine wards is that "there is room for potential research" which happened to rank first, followed by "easy job," "good working atmosphere" and "growing interest in oriental medicine." 4. Work satisfactions among nurses who work at oriental medicine wards prove greater than that of nurses who work at general wards. 5. Work satisfaction between the two groups by work factors is reflected with significant difference statistically on task requirement, interaction and doctor-nurse relationships. 6. The general charcateristics and the work satisfaction by work factors prove that there are significant difference in age, marital status, education and the period of work. They tend to be more satisfied with the work as they grow in age. Significant differneces are found in the work factors such as autonomy, adiministration and professional job in the relationship with doctor-nurse. As to marital status, the married are more satisfied than the unmarried. There are significant differneces in the factors respecting administration and doctor-nurse college graduates are highly satisfied with task requirement. However, satisfaction with the professional level has proven the highest degree for those having master degree. The period of work and satisfaction : There are significant differneces in task requirement, administration, interactions, professional level and doctor-nurse relationships. As a general rule, the degree of satisfactions is in proportion to the lengrh of service. The following conclusions are drawn based on the fndings mentioned above. Even though the work satisfaction of the nurse who work at oriental medicine ward is relatively high, it is desired that personal consultation be given as to disposition of nurses when they are assigned to oriental medicine wards. It is also recommended that lectures on oriental medicine be conducted through supplementary training and/or basic nursing course in order that they may be motivated for ingenious activities with an increasing sense of self-esteem which will eventually enhance positive changes for the patients who are in need of oriental medicine nursing and for the medical teams. In addition, joint reseaches involvingclinical care and education should be in constant process for unique and scientific development for those who are subject to oriental medicine nursing care.