• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.193-196
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• 2013

Haemoglobin is an interesting physiologically significant protein composed of specific functional prosthetic haem and globin moieties. In recent decades, there has been substantial interest in attempting to understand the structural basis and functional diversity of avian haemoglobins (Hbs). Towards this end, purification, crystallization, preliminary X-ray diffraction and molecular-replacement studies have been carried out on Amaurornis phoenicurus Hb. Crystals were grown by the hanging drop vapor-diffusion method using PEG 2000 and NaCl as precipitants. The crystals belonged to the primitive monoclinic system $P2_1$, with unit-cell parameters $a=65.33{\AA}$, $b=93.14{\AA}$, $c=98.54{\AA}$, ${\beta}=100.48^{\circ}$; a complete data set was collected to a resolution of $2.6{\AA}$. The Matthews coefficient of $2.30{\AA}^3Da^{-1}$ for the crystal indicated the presence of two ${\alpha}_2{\beta}_2$ tetramers in the asymmetric unit.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.46-51
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• 2021

This pilot study examined the contribution of citizen science approach to the datification of factors influencing the progress of cognitive health of the older adults. Newspapers were reviewed and FGIs of field workers at a Day Care Center gathered relevant data from citizen. Two questions were put forward; whether new factors are drawn from citizen knowledge; if yes, whether they represent a new type of data. 'Aesal', personality of the older adults with dementia is noted as a new dementia affecting factor. The data on personality also present a new challenge for scientific measurement. The relationship between personality or psychology of the older adults and the risk of getting dementia has been a research field for a long time, yet the impact of personality on the progress of dementia has not been examined scientifically. Because of communication difficulties with the older adults with dementia, new types of indicators and new ways of measurements thus need to be developed.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.354-365
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• 2024

Panax species include Panax ginseng Meyer, Panax quinquefolium L., Panax notoginseng, Panax japonicum, Panax trifolium, and Panax pseudoginseng, which contain bioactive components (BCs) such as ginsenosides and polysaccharides. Recently, growing evidence has revealed the pharmacological effects of Panax species and their BCs on allergic airway diseases (AADs), including allergic asthma (AA) and allergic rhinitis (AR). AADs are characterized by damaged epithelium, sustained acquired immune responses with enforced Th2 responses, allergenspecific IgE production, and enhanced production of histamine and leukotrienes by activated mast cells and basophils. In this review, we summarize how Panax species and their BCs modulate acquired immune responses involving interactions between dendritic cells and T cells, reduce the pro-inflammatory responses of epithelial cells, and reduce allergenic responses from basophils and mast cells in vitro. In addition, we highlight the current understanding of the alleviative effects of Panax species and their BCs against AA and AR in vivo. Moreover, we discuss the unmet needs of research and considerations for the treatment of patients to provide basic scientific knowledge for the treatment of AADs using Panax species and their BCs.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.41-52
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• 1992

It is, as everyone knows, very important for human beings to protect and conserve marine environment. We has believed the ocean is so wide and deep that it cannot be polluted. But it has begun to doubt the capacity of self-purification of the ocean due to pollution arising from marine casualities. It has proved that semi-enclosed sea is likely to be polluted and cannot be restored easily once pollution occurs. Therefore, first of all it is important to take preventive measures for prevention of marine pollution in the semi-enclosed sea like the Yellow Sea. Many of regional conventions for prevention of marine pollution have come into existence. this dissertation was set out for the fact that the Yellow Sea is semi-enclosed sea which is vulnerable to marine pollution. It is desirable not to deal with marine preservation of the Yellow Sea by a single exclusively but to deal with it by cooperation of all coastal states under the present circumstances. I proposed a program of regional cooperation to protect and conserve the Yellow Sea. This program must be progressed with gradual arrangements. First, they must establist a basic cooperation committee to work basic affairs on the protection of marine environment within the Yellow Sea. The Committee Mainly play parts of study and research concerned with pollution of the Yellow Sea in the non-governmental side and consist of legal and scientific experts. Second, they must establish the control Committee to prevent marine pollution of the Yellow Sea substantially. There is a reason that regional cooperation cannot be directly concluded with the regional tready. Because there is a problem of Recognition of States left. In principle, a subject of tready must be a state in the International Law. But they have not made Recognition of State which is demanded by International Law between North and South Koreas. Therefore, the Control committee must play a substantial part of prevention from pollution instead of the treaty. Finally, we concluded tentatively named $\ulcorner$Convention on Regional Cooperation for Protection of Marine Environment of the Yellow Sea from Pollution$\lrcorner$ if the matter is settled which is related to Recognition of States in the International Law.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.43-56
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of small group inquiry skills on improving science process skills and attitudes toward science in elementary school science. The research questions of this study were as follows. First, effects of small group inquiry skills on improving science process skills in elementary school science. Second, effects of small group inquiry skills on improving attitudes toward science in elementary school science. The subjects of this study is two classes from 6th grade elementary classes in Busan. The experiment class practiced small group inquiry skills, while the control class practiced self inquiry. To verify the effect of the experiment, ANOVA was conducted. The main findings of this study are as follows. First, the small group inquiry skills gave a significant influence on increasing the science process skills, including the basic science process skills and the integrated science process skills, of students. Especially, among subordinate factors of science process skills between groups, it was effective to increase abilities of observing, reasoning, interpreting data, formulating hypothesis. It is necessary for teachers to make an effort to teach according to steps of the small group inquiry skills and to support inquiry activities, in order to increasing the science process skills. However, frequency of additional lessons have a little influence on increasing the science process skills. Second, there is meaningful change in the attitudes toward science for those who studied the small group inquiry skills. Also, they affected subordinate factors of the attitudes toward science, like the attitudes toward science inquiry, the happiness about science class. This study shows that the small group inquiry skills give a positive influence on the science process skills and attitudes toward science in elementary school science.

• 분석과학
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.607-614
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• 2010

필적을 감정할 경우 음주상태에서 작성된 필적들을 비교해야 하는 어려움에 자주 직면하게 된다. 알콜 섭취에 따른 소뇌 기능 장애로 인하여 가속과 감속, 떨리는 움직임 등의 동작 능력 통제에 장애가 발생하므로 개인 필적에서 상당한 차이가 관찰된다. 음주상태에서 작성된 필적이 기재된 협박메모를 확보하더라도 작성자가 검거된 후 자신이 작성한 것이 아니라고 부인하는 경우 필적감정에 의한 범인 특정이 어렵게 된다. 외국의 많은 연구에서 알콜의 필적에 대한 영향이 다루어지고 있지만 국내에서는 거의 없으며 대부분 통계적 처리 없이 약간 또는 증가와 같이 경험적인 표현에 그치고 있어 통계적인 평가 및 비교가 요구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 음주에 의한 필적의 변화에 대하여 서명의 길이, 높이와 서명에 포함된 한글 자음 ㄱ, ㄴ을 추출하여 각각의 내각, 외각, 길이비율의 계측값을 통계적 방법을 사용하여 확인하였다.

• 박물관보존과학
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• 제28권
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• pp.1-16
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• 2022

국립한글박물관에서 소장하고 있는 언더우드 영문 타자기(한기6863)의 보존처리를 실시하였다. 근·현대 시대에 제작된 타자기는 부품의 유실, 부식, 도료의 탈락 등의 손상양상을 보였으며, 복합재질로 이루어져 재질에 따른 보존처리를 진행하기 위해 처리 전 상태조사 및 과학적 분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 금속, 도료, 고무 등으로 타자기가 제작되었음을 확인하였고, 보존처리는 각 재질이 안정한 조건에서 '이물질 제거 → 강화처리 → 복원' 순으로 진행하였다. 손상이 심한 도료층을 강화처리하고 유실된 다리받침을 복원하여 안정한 상태로 보존처리를 완료하였다. 이러한 과정을 통해 근대시기 초반에 제작된 타자기의 재료 및 특징을 파악할 수 있었으며 추후에 진행될 타자기 보존연구에 기초 자료로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국국방경영분석학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.7-15
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• 1979

The very fact that so many of us are here to participate in this conference on Operations Research is an indicator of the importance we attach to this relatively new and still expanding field. All of us recognize that Operations Research techniques are especially useful tools in problem solving in business, Government and the military. A discussion of the role of Operations Research and the related field of Systems Analysis in national defense policy and programming decision processes seems especially appropriate at the opening session of this conference, As you know, Operations Research as an organized form of research first found application in the review of individual military weapons systems and their effectiveness just over forty years ago. From that relatively narrow beginning has evolved a discipline whose future exploitation and utility you will explore over the next several days. I plan to review very briefly the historical development of Operations Research and Systems Analysis as tools in the defense decision-making process. Then, I will give you an overview of their application to today's military and defense problem solving by discussing the use of these techniques at the headquarters level by the United States Navy, Obviously, in such a brief period, I cannot cover all applications, specific techniques, or all of the groups involved in such a complex process. A review of the historical development of Operations Research/Systems Analysts reveals that the use of the basic concepts of Operations Research is not new; it originated with the first attempts to use the scientific approach to solve problems. We are still seeking, through modern analysis, to answer the three questions posed by John Dewey in his examination of the problem solving process in 1910.'1 - What is the problem? - What are the alternatives? - Which alternative is best? As I noted earlier, Operations Research, as an organized form of research, began in Great Britain in the late 1930s with the review of individual weapons systems.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.193-203
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• 2014

Natural Monument is a designated cultural property as part of the country. According to Article 2 of the Cultural Properties Protection Act, a national, ethnic and global heritage artificially or naturally formed, with a great historical, artistic, scientific and landscape significance is defined as a cultural heritage. Animals, plants, topography, geology, minerals, caves, biological products and special natural phenomena, having a great of historic, scenic and scientific value, are defined as the monument. According to Article 3 of Cultural Properties Protection Act, the conservation, management and utilization of National Heritage should be kept intact in its original form. So, Natural monuments are managing as retained its original form under the Basic Principles of current law. The highest population of coniferous tree in natural monument plant is ginkgo tree including 22 objects, followed by pines, junipers that order. And in case of broadleaf tree, there are zelkova trees, retusa fringe trees, pagoda trees, cork oaks, silver magnolias and etc. There are many of reported efficacy in available natural monument plants. The efficacy of plant species on pharmaceutical like anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, antioxidant activity, neuroprotective, improves cholesterol, anti-inflammatory, liver protection and anti-bacterial efficacy, on cosmetics and beauty like the inhibiting formation of skin wrinkles, whitening effect, variety of materials and the efficacy of the proposed utilization of its various papers and etc have been widely reported. Before the Nagoya Protocol enters into force, the future role of the National Research Institute for Cultural Properties Administration of Cultural Heritage should be obtain a legal right to manage the social, cultural and national natural monument with emotional value to the plant genetic resource as a natural monument efficient ways to study and preserve traditional knowledge biological resources by securing a claim to the sovereignty of the material will be ready.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.265-276
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• 2023

본 연구의 목적은 과학과 기초학력이 부족한 학생들이 공통 교육과정을 이수하는 동안 최소한의 과학 학습 능력을 갖출 수 있도록 기초학력 보장 방안을 마련하는데 있다. 이를 위해, 기초학력 관련 연구 및 지도 경험이 있는 초·중등 과학 교사 27명을 대상으로 설문 조사를 실시하고 합의적 질적 연구방법(Consensual Qualitative Research: CQR)과 계층화 분석법(Analytic Hierarchy Process: AHP)을 활용하여 '최소한의 성취기준'에 대한 현장 과학 교사들의 인식을 살펴보았다. 연구 결과, 초·중등 과학교사들은 과학 학습지원대상 학생들에 대해 과학 학습 역량이 부족하고, 과학 학습 결손이 누적되어 있으며, 기본적인 학습을 위한 준비도가 부족하다고 응답하였다. 그러나 과학과 기초학력 부족학생의 학습 특징에 대해 초·중등 교사들이 주목하는 특징이 다소 상이하게 나타났는데, 중등 교사들은 낮은 학습 동기와 과학적 기호 사용의 어려움에, 초등 교사들은 과학 태도나 경험부족을 더욱 민감하게 인식하고 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 기초학력 보장을 위한 최소한의 성취기준 준거 설정에 대한 우선순위에서도 범주별 항목의 우선순위가 학교급별로 상이함을 발견할 수 있었다. 이는 과학과 기초학력 보장을 위한 최소한의 성취기준 개발 시 고려요소에 대해 과학 교사들의 기초학력 관련 전문성에 따라 다양한 입장 차가 존재하므로, 학교급에 따른 다양한 변인을 고려한 최소한의 성취기준 개발이 필요함을 의미한다. 이상의 연구 결과를 통해 기초학력이 부족한 학생들의 개인별 맥락과 처한 상황의 다양성을 고려한 기초학력 지도 전문성 강화를 위한 정책적 지원이 전교과 영역에서 모색되어야 할 것이다. 나아가 기초학력이 부족한 학생 지원을 위해 공유된 비전을 명확히 하여 기초학력 보장을 위한 국가정책과 과학 교사들의 실행 간의 괴리를 줄이는 노력이 필요하다.