• American Studies
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.133-159
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• 2019

On the website r/NYYankees, a sub-forum ("subreddit") of Reddit is devoted to the Major League Baseball team New York Yankees, with its predominantly male users showing their appreciation for baseball heroes by expressing erotic desires towards the players. When a player performs well, the subreddit is filled with admiration of desires to become the player's intimate lover-explicitly expressed by "male" fans. This paper explains the phenomenon of young male fans' desire for the now-lost model of traditional masculinity of domination and control, displayed in the context of baseball players' dominant performances. The discrepancy between a fan's non-homosexual real-world self and his homoerotic language on the subreddit is explained using the "performative fandom" theory, developed by Osborne and Coombs borrowing Butler's notion of performativity. This paper suggests how this desire for traditional masculinity serves as recognition to the collapse of masculinity in the modern American society.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.343-350
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine how a shoulder complex stabilization exercise affects ball control and ball speed in elementary school baseball players with an instable scapula. Methods: The subjects of the study were 16 baseball players attending S elementary school in Kwangju Metropolitan City. A shoulder complex stabilization exercise was conducted three times per week for one hour for four weeks. Then, the participants were divided into a scapular instability group or stability group based on their lateral scapular slide test scores. The measurement tool was measured using the target, the ball speed tester (PR1000-BC). All inspections were measured before and after the mediation period to examine the change in the subjects according to the mediation period. Results: As a result of measuring ball control, there was a statistically significant difference in the variation over time (p < 0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference in the interaction between time and group (p > 0.05). As a result of the test of effectiveness between subjects, there was no statistically significant difference found among the groups (p > 0.05). In terms of ball speed, there was no statistically significant difference found in the variation over time (p > 0.05) as well as in the interaction between time and group (p > 0.05). In terms of the effectiveness between subjects, there was no statistically significant difference found among the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: It was found that the shoulder complex stabilization exercise could improve ball control for elementary school baseball players. It is believed that this will help prevent and solve possible sport damages experienced during training or competitions, thereby helping athletes use training methods to improve their exercise capacity and continue their careers.

• Journal of Information Technology and Architecture
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.75-80
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• 2014

At the time the interest and love of the Korean professional baseball is increasing, the need for effective recruiting method rising. Recruiting existing methods were scheme based on expert evaluation, to obtain the players of each team. However, the existing method does not reflect only objective rating but also subjective way of school tie and delays are effect. Therefore the conventional method could not be the efficient. Therefore this paper analyze Korea baseball player's efficiency based on entire team and each team by using DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) method, and use this efficiency to discuss effective way of recruiting players. Finally, the validity of experiment is confirmed by the matters of actual sell of players who are scouted by experiment.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.965-971
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of core strengthening training on baseball throwing. A total of 14 subjects were recruited from among middle school baseball players. The main outcome measures were as follows: speed guns were used to measure the velocity of baseballs thrown; scored targets were used to measure throwing accuracy; and 50m measuring tapes were used to measure throwing distances. It was found that core strengthening training improved the velocity of baseballs thrown and throwing accuracy and distance. Thus, core strengthening training is effective for improving the throwing ability of baseball players.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.414-420
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of coordinative locomotor training(CLT) using elastic bands on dynamic balance and grip strength for Elementary school baseball players and to provide correct posture guidance and reference on the prevention and rehabilitation program of sports damage and injury in the future. Design: Two groups pre-post randomized controlled design. Methods: Forty-six subjects were randomly divided in two groups;1) CLT using Elastic Band group(Experimental group, n=23), 2) Routine baseball training group(Control group, n=23). The intervention was conducted total 16 times for sixty minutes a day, 2 times a week, for 8 weeks. Evaluations of dynamic balance ability and grip strength were performed with all subjects before the commencement of training and 8 weeks after training. Results: Compared to the control group after training, the dynamic balance ability and dominant handgrip strength of the experimental group were significantly more improved(p<0.05). Conclusions: We confirmed that the effects of CLT using elastic bands on dynamic balance ability and grip strength in Elementary school baseball player. This study should be used for improving the quality of the Elementary school baseball player's training and would be contributed prevention and rehabilitation program of sports damage and injury.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.87-97
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of sports vision training on baseball player's visual performance and baseball records. Methods: All subjects were 21 males of high school baseball players, and they participated on eight weeks of sports vision training program. Pre- and post- test results were obtained for static and dynamic visual acuity, static and dynamic stereo acuity, distance and near phoria, fusional reserves, near point of convergence, contrast sensitivity, visual-reaction time. Results: Statical analysis indicated significant improvement in most of mentioned visual variables and baseball records (p<0.001). Conclusions: It can be concluded that the sports vision training program improves visual skills of baseball players, which could lead to improvement in the baseball records. Vison training will be a promotor for baseball player to enhance their performance if proper test instruments and training course is supplied.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.11-19
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• 2018

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify the effects of joint mobilization intervention combined with exercise on range of motion (ROM), pain intensity, and functional performance in adolescent baseball players with internal impingement syndrome of the shoulder. METHODS: The subjects were 30 adolescent baseball players diagnosed with internal impingement. Ten subjects were randomly assigned to each of 3 groups: Group 1 (exercise only), Group 2 (joint mobilization combined with exercise), and Group 3 (rest-only control group). Three weekly interventions were given for 4 weeks (the control group rested for 4 weeks). The main outcome measures were goniometer, visual analogue scale (VAS), and Korean Kerlan Jobe shoulder-elbow (K-KJOC) scores. The ROM (external and internal rotation), pain intensity (at the moment of throwing), and functional performance were compared among the groups. RESULTS: No significant difference was observed among the groups in the range of external rotation of the shoulder before and after the intervention, but the range of internal rotation was significantly increased in Group 2 compared to Groups 1 and 3. Pain intensity was significantly lower in Group 2 than in Group 1 and 3, and functional performance was significantly increased in Group 2 compared to Group 1 and 3. CONCLUSION: An intervention that combined joint mobilization with exercise was more effective than resting or exercise alone for rapid recovery from sports injury and improvement in athletic performance.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.261-266
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of coordinative locomotor training wit on balance and flexibility of elementary school baseball players. A sample of 30 subjects were recruited for this study. Coordinative locomotor training group(n=15) with elastic band and coordinative locomotor training group(n=15) were six times a week for four. For evaluation of balance, Biorescue was used and for evaluation of sit-and-reach. The results were as follows: there were significant differences in balance and flexibility accoording to time. From the results, elastic band in coordinative locomotor training is expected to be an effective intervention for elementary school baseball players.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.219-228
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• 2022

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to suggest a more effective method by comparing the effects of changes in pain intensity, muscle strength, and athletic performance after applying a 6-week eccentric training program (ET-MWM) or concentric training program (CT-MWM) with MWM for high school baseball players with shoulder internal impingement (SII). Methods : A total of 75 participants were randomly assigned to each group and divided into two groups, "ET-MWM group (n=35)" and "CT-MWM group (n=32)" according to the intervention method. Pain intensity, muscle strength (external rotation, internal rotation), and athletic performance were first measured before the intervention, and after the intervention 3 times a week for a total of 6 weeks, both groups were re-measured in the same way. Visual analog scale (VAS) was used for pain intensity, biodex dynamometer for muscle strength (60 °/sec.), and Kerlan-Jobe orthopedic clinic shoulder & elbow score (K-KJOC) for athletic performance. Results : As a result of analyzing the homogeneity of the pre-intervention characteristics and initial measurement variables of the study subjects, there was no significant difference between the two groups in all variable values. Pain intensity (VAS) was significantly reduced in the ET-MWM group than in the CT-MWM group (p<.05). In addition, the maximum muscle strength of external rotation & internal rotation of the shoulder (60 °/sec.) and athletic performance (K-KJOC) were significantly increased in the ET-MWM group than in the CT-MWM group (p<.05). Conclusion : Compared with the CT-MWM training program, the ET-MWM training program reduced shoulder joint pain and further increased the muscle strength required for throwing motion in high school baseball players. As the result showed better athletic performance improvement, the ET-MWM training program can be clinically recommended as a more effective intervention.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.113-139
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to establish evaluation model that can explain marginal effects of baseball players of Korean Baseball Organization (KBO) on their team winnings in terms of productivity. We proposed econometric model with using variables that are provided from official homepage of KBO to overcome the complexity of mainly used productivity index: wins above replacement (WAR). Also, compare to the previous studies such as Scully(1974) or Krautmann(1999) that using limited indices of baseball stats, this study included 61 indices that are provided from official homepage of KBO. We estimated regression based WAR(RBWAR) by conducting panel regression with each team's statistics data of 2002 to 2014. As a results, RBWAR shows 0.869 correlation coefficient for batters and 0.882 for pitchers with WAR in 2014 that can be concluded that two indices shows similar results. From the results of estimation, we analyze the relationship between productivity and actual contract of free agent players in 2015 and it showed that teams have contracted reasonably.