• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.553-563
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• 2019

Investigations related with factors influencing root and crown rot are rare and mainly related to farming practice and soil management. The main objective of this study was to examine broader range of factors influencing stem-base infestation of winter wheat in the field conditions. The effect of spatial distribution of infected plants on disease index (DIs) assessments was also investigated. Analysis of factors influencing DIs of crown rot of wheat demonstrated significant influence of the growing seasons (P < 0.001) and extreme fluctuations in winter temperatures (P < 0.001). In addition to that, localities together with their interaction with the growing season also significantly influenced DIs (P < 0.001). Aggregation of infected plants influenced variability of DI estimations, and it was pointed out that more extensive investigation should be conducted on broad range of DI in order to establish sampling method giving uniform sampling precision. Fusarium graminearum was shown to be predominant Fusarium species in Serbia (72.6%) using sequence-characterized amplified region analysis. Interestingly F. oxysporum was isolated in higher frequencies (27.4%) than it was reported in the literature. Given that there were no reports on the diversity of Fusarium species causing crown rot of wheat in Serbia, this study presents first report on this important subject. It also indicated that more attention should be focused on combined effects of abiotic and biotic factors influencing stem-base infestation of winter wheat. This knowledge will contribute to better understanding of factors influencing root and crown rot of wheat which would ensure sustainable disease management in the future.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.209-230
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• 2020

Objectives : Practice-Based Research Networks (PBRNs), collaborations of practitioners and academic researchers, have provided platforms for conducting research to address clinical questions generated from daily routine care. This review aimed to critically analyse articles from PBRNs that are related to complementary and integrative medicine (CIM) and to suggest future directions for a PBRN which is appropriate for Korean Medicine (KM). Methods : PubMed, PBRN registries in Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and relevant PBRN websites were searched up to November 2019 for research articles from PBRNs that focused on CIM regardless of study design. Methodological quality of the included studies was assessed. The included studies were read in full, classified and summarised according to their topics. Results : A total of 51 articles published from 1998 through 2020 were included in this review. They were categorised into three principal themes based on research questions and findings: health services research (embracing researches examining characteristics of patients and CIM practitioners/practices, and communication between patients and practitioners); effectiveness and safety of CIM practices/interventions; and feasibility studies of instruments and interventions in PBRN settings. The study designs varied including surveys (n=30), prospective observational studies (n=6), 2ndary analyses of existing studies (n=7), protocols (n=7), retrospective chart review (n=1) and qualitative study (n=1). Quality of the included studies greatly varied. Conclusions : PBRNs can serve as a feasible platform for conducting practice-relevant research on KM and CIM. Considering growing demands on evidence-base for routine practice of KM amid various stakeholders, a PBRN in KM community and further researches nested within PBRN designs are warranted.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-24
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to define the content of requisite human structure and function knowledge needed for clinical knowledge of nursing practice. Subjects of human structure and function were divided into 10 units, and each unit was further divided into 21 subunits, resulting in a total of 90 items. Contents of knowledge of human structure and function were constructed from syllabus of basic nursing subjects in 4 college of nursing, and textbooks published by nurse scholars prepared with basic nursing sciences. The degree of need of 90 items was measured with a 4 point scale. The subjects of this study were college graduated 136 nurses from seven university hospitals in Seoul and three university hospitals located in Chonnam Province, Kyungbook Province, and Inchon. They have been working at internal medicine ward, surgical ward, intensive care unit, obstetrics and gynecology ward, pediatrics ward, opthalmology ward, ear, nose, and throat ward, emergency room, rehabilitation ward, cancer ward, hospice ward, and their working period was mostly under 5 years. The results were as follows: 1. The highest scored items of human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice were electrolyte balance, blood clotting mechanism and anticoagulation mechanism, hematopoietic function, body fluid balance, function of plasma, and anatomical terminology in the order of importance. The lowest scored items of human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice was sexual factors of genetic mutation. 2. The highest order of need according to unit was membrane transport in the living unit, anatomical terminology in movement and exercise unit, mechanism of hormone function in regulation and integration unit, component and function of blood in oxygenation function unit, structure and function of digestive system in digestive and energy metabolism unit, temperature regulation in temperature regulation unit electrolyte balance in body fluid and electrolyte unit, concept of immunity in body resistance unit, and genetics terminology in genetics unit. The highest order of importance according to subunit was membrane transportation in cell subunit, classification of tissues in tissue unit, function of skin and skin in skin subunit, anatomical derivatives of the skeleton subunit, classification of joints in joint subunit, an effect of exercise on muscles in muscle subunit, function of brain in nervous system subunit, special sense in sensory subunit mechanism of hormone function in endocrine subunit, structure and function of female reproductive system in reproductive system unit, structure and function of blood in blood unit, structure of heart, electrical and mechanical function in cardiovascular system unit, structure of respiratory system in respiratory system subunit, structure and function of digestive system in digestive system subunit, hormonal regulation of metabolism in nutrition and metabolism subunit, function of kidney in urologic system subunit, electolyte balance in body fluid, electolyte and acid-base balance subunit. 3. The common content of human structure and function knowledge need for all clinical areas in nursing was structure and function of blood, hematopoietic function, function of plasm, coagulation mechanism and anticoagulation mechanism, body fluid, electrolyte balance, and acid-base balance. However, the degree of need of each human structure and function knowledge was different depending on clinical areas. 4. Significant differences in human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice such as skin and derivatives of the skin, growth and development of bone, classification of joint, classification of muscle, structure of muscle, function of muscle, function of spinal cord, peripheral nerve, structure and function of pancrease, component and function of blood, function of plasma, structure and function of blood, hemodynamics, respiratory dynamics, gas transport, regulation of respiration, chemical digestion of foods, absorption of foods, characteristics of nutrients, metabolism and hormonal regulation, body energy balance were demonstrated according to the duration of work. 5. Significant differences in human structure and function knowledge necessary for nursing practice such as classification of tissue, classification of muscles, function of muscles, muscle metabolism, classification of skeletal muscles, classification of nervous system, neurotransmitters, mechanism of hormone function, pituitary and pituitary hormone, structure and function of male reproductive organ, structure and function of female reproductive organ, component and function of blood, function of plasma, coagulation mechanism and anticoagulation mechanism, gas exchange, gas transport, regulation of respiration, characteristics of nutrients, energy balance, function of kidney, concept of immunity, classification and function of immunity were shown according to the work area. Based on these findings, all the 90 items constructed by Korean Academic Society of Basic Nursing Science should be included as contents of human structure and function knowledge.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.67-74
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• 2009

Injection molding have been used for manufacturing various fields of automotive interior trims for years. The demands on the injection molding technique are grown with the further development of the automobile technique and the design presentations for cost reduction and environment-friendly. This paper shows that multi-component injection conditions are different from general injection, also shows how to optimize part design and mold design and how to manufacturing through the efficient use of multi-component injection in development process using core back system. To fulfill this purpose, all influential process parameters related to the quality of automobile parts were analyzed in terms of the correlation between them. Base on that, a innovative process will be developed by injection engineers to implement it in practice.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 1994.09a
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• pp.259-264
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• 1994

The 1986 AASHTO Guide for the Design of Pavement Structures introduced the resilient modulus as a definitive material property to characterize roadbed soil. Although the incorporation of resilient modulus represents a significant acvance in pavement design practice, the test procedure for resilient modulus is complicated and time-consuming. Therefore, it is necessary to develop data base of resilient modulus for the soils frequently encountered; and to develop the reliable correlations between resilient properties and parameters from simple routine tests, In this study, resilient modulus tests were performed on five cohesive soils sampled from in-service subgrades. The stress at 1 percent axial strain in unconfined compression test(su1.0%) was found as a good indicator of the resilient modulus, and unique relationship between Mg and Su1.0% was obtained. A simple chart to estimate the resilient modulus at different levels of confining stress and deviator stress was also developed.

• Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.141-150
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• 2000

In this study liquefaction hazard potential was assessed by modified Seed and Idriss method and maps of liquefaction hazard potential utilized by LPI(Liquefaction Potential Index) and FE(Equivalent Liquefaction Factor of Safety) were constructed in two dimensional space, Comparisons of liquefaction hazard maps assessed by LPI and FE are represented to verify the FE method proposed in this study. Based on the results of comparing liquefaction hazard map using LPI and FE there is similar distribution trend of zonation indices. from the result of comparison of liquefaction hazard maps of FE base using Hachinohe and ofunato PGA(Peak ground Acceleration) data at one site of port and harbor in Korea the values of FE in liquefaction hazard map using Hachinohe data are underestimated. And in the view of quantitative analysis FE is more convenient than LPI because types of results from FE are factor of safety that widely used in geotechnical practice and aseismic design standard for port and harbor in Korea.

• Clean Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2000

In the Korean manufacturing industries, it becomes a common practice to carry both design activities and production planning activities concurrently. We should help product design engineers to apply environmental techniques in the design phase. General design engineers are busy enough to provide new technical features and to reduce the product cost. Professionals in the clean technology field should assist the product design engineers by providing the data basis of environmental specifications and appropriate solutions for each product group. This data basis should be easily accessible through internet or other forms appropriate for the personnel computers.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 2011

Similarity assessment of a CAD model is one of important issues from the aspect of model re-using. In real practice, many new mechanical parts are designed by modifying existing ones. The reuse of part enables to save design time and efforts for the designers. Design time would be further reduced if there were an efficient way to search for existing similar designs. This paper proposes an efficient algorithm of similarity assessment for mechanical part model with design history embedded within the CAD model. Since it is possible to retrieve the design history and detailed-feature information using CAD API, we can obtain an accurate and reliable assessment result. For our purpose, our assessment algorithm can be divided by two: (1) we select suitable parts by comparing MSG (Model Signature Graph) extracted from a base feature of the required model; (2) detailed-features' similarities are assessed with their own attributes and reference structures. In addition, we also propose a indexing method for managing a model database in the last part of this article.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.144-155
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• 2018

This study was conducted to explore the direction of culinary education based brain-based education with analysis of comprehensive research. Questionnaire was completed by frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis and regression analysis by using SPSS 21. The purpose of this study was to investigate the educational system for creative development through cooking sources and to develop brain-based learning theory, and thus to generate the characteristics and effects of the practice in culinary educational context. The basic principles of brain- based learning are brain plasticity, emotional brain, and ecological brain. Students need to be able to enrich their understanding of social interaction so that social brain's function will be activated through consistent and high-quality feedback. Likewise, students should be capable of collecting everything what they have learned. Defining main ideas and goal of the lesson, four factors were derived from development of competency, personality, application, and diversity. Regarding to the result of this study, the implications for the development of a brain-base program were suggested.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.7-14
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• 2004

This paper is base on the Thought that digital Architecture and Digital design tools cannot be seperted as like Architevtural Design and Architectural Drafting tools. So the purpose of this paper is to show that the interactive 'Architectural Basic design' practice with Digital tools and there tranning method. This example of the pratical assignments in class("Architectural digital drafting" and "Architectural Basic Design") are focus on tranning spatial perception in real space and digital -cyber space. And these practical samples are using the primary step in The Digital Architectre.