• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제28권8호
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• pp.645-654
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• 2019

This study was conducted in two breeding seasons in 2017 to identify nesting habits and breeding biology of barn swallows in Daejang-dong village, Bucheon city, suburban Seoul. Among the 77 barn swallow nests studied, there were 34 breeding nests -27 in the first and 12 in the second. The reuse rate of old nests was 51.6%. In addition to tile-roofed houses (20.6%), breeding nests were most common in brick houses (38.2%) and in slate-roofed houses (26.5%). Most breeding nests were in eaves (58.8%) and front doors (32.3%). The average clutch size was $4.8{\pm}0.9$ in the first and $4.3{\pm}0.5$ in the second. The breeding success rate was 75.0% in the first and 58.1% in the second, considering the hatching rate and the fledgling rate. It was found that the rainy season was affected by a lack of food. At least 27 pairs of nestling barn swallows and 127 young barn swallows successfully fledged were estimated to be 181. These results show that Daejang-dong village is an important suburban habitat of the Seoul metropolitan area, and that it can be used to verify the environmental conservation value of rice fields of in the Seoul metropolitan area.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제11권8호
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• pp.84-92
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• 2022

Precision livestock monitoring promises greater management efficiency for farmers and higher welfare standards for animals. Recent studies on video-based animal activity recognition and tracking have shown promising solutions for understanding animal behavior. To achieve that, surveillance cameras are installed diagonally above the barn in a typical cattle farm setup to monitor animals constantly. Under these circumstances, tracking individuals requires addressing challenges such as occlusion and visual appearance, which are the main reasons for track breakage and increased misidentification of animals. This paper presents a framework for multi-cattle tracking in closed barns with appearance and motion models. To overcome the above challenges, we modify the DeepSORT algorithm to achieve higher tracking accuracy by three contributions. First, we reduce the weight of appearance information. Second, we use an Ensemble Kalman Filter to predict the random motion information of cattle. Third, we propose a supplementary matching algorithm that compares the absolute cattle position in the barn to reassign lost tracks. The main idea of the matching algorithm assumes that the number of cattle is fixed in the barn, so the edge of the barn is where new trajectories are most likely to emerge. Experimental results are performed on our dataset collected on two cattle farms. Our algorithm achieves 70.37%, 77.39%, and 81.74% performance on HOTA, AssA, and IDF1, representing an improvement of 1.53%, 4.17%, and 0.96%, respectively, compared to the original method.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.17-21
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• 1982

The increasing price and shortage of Petroleum Pointed out a need for a cheaper and readily available substitute fuel for curing tobaccos. This experiment was aimed to develop a new curing system which will employ chaff, instead of Petroleum, as fuel. For this purpose, a new curing system has been developed and tested at 3 locations of Suweon, Eumseong, and Daegu Tobacco Experiment Station. The quality of cured leaves by chaff-used barn did not differ from that of Petroleum- used barn. The fuel cost for chaff-used barn was as little as 17-18% of that in the other barn with petroleum.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.235-238
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• 1989

공시품종으로 Burley 21과 KB101을 수확한 후 건조상내에서 온도 처리와 습도 3처리를 조합하여 엽분별로 건조하였고, 수확시기에 엽중수분함량이 다른 잎을 우기에 비닐건조실 내에서 건조하여 부패엽발생정도를 조사하였던 바 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 부패엽발생은 3$0^{\circ}C$에서 최대였고, $25^{\circ}C$에서 약간 감소하였으며, 35$^{\circ}C$에서는 현저히 감소하여 4$0^{\circ}C$에서는 100% RH 조건에서도 전혀 발생되지 않았다. 2. 습도 82%구에서는 부패엽이 10%정도로 아주 적었으나 이보다 고습조건일 수록 급속하게 증가되었다. 3. KB 101 육성계통이 Burley 21보다 부패엽 발생이 약간 적은 경향이었다. 4. 부패엽발생 부위는 주로 잎 엮은 부위에서 가장 많았고, 다음은 수확시 절단부위에서 않았다. 5. 엽분별로는 중엽에서 본엽에서 보다 부피엽발생율이 더 높았다. 6. 우기에 엽중수분함양이 높은 잎을 수확시는 부패엽발생이 않았고, 강우 4일 후의 수분상태 잎을 수확시는 거의 부패엽이 발생되지 않았다.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.251-262
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• 2009

본 연구는 우리나라 젖소농가의 사육규모별 축사시설 현황을 파악하고자 전국 9개도시의 젖소 50두 이상사육농가 4,198호를 대상으로 축사시설 실태를 조사하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 50두 이상 전업농가에서 344,514마리를 사육하였으며 농가당 50~99마리 사육규모가 78.9%로 대부분이었고 농가당 평균 사육두수는 82.1두 이었다. 젖소 우사의 건축 시기는 평균 건축연도가 1995년 9월로타 축종에 비하여 노후한 편이었으며 농가당 축사면적은 $1,740.0\;m^2$이었다. 젖소 우사의 건축형태는 톱밥우사 84.0%로 가장 높은 비율을 차지하였고 후리스톨 5.1%, 계류식+톱밥 운동장 17.3%, 기타 4.4%이었다. 규모별 우사의 건축형태는 소규모 농가에서 톱밥우사가 많은 반면, 대규모 농가에서는 후리스톨이 10.9%로서 소규모 농가의 후리스톨 보다 높게 나타났다. 착유시설은 파이프라인 41.5%, 헤링본 22.8%, 탠덤 35.8% 이었으나 50~99두의 소규모 농가는 파이프라인이 48.0%로 많은 반면, 200두 이상에서는 헤링본 38.3%, 탠던 48.9%로 착유실 착유가 많은 것을 알 수 있다. 우사 바닥은 깔짚이 94.9%로 스크레이퍼에 비하여 상당히 높게 나타났으나 대규모 농가에서는 스크레파가 13.1%로 소규모 농가의 6.4%에 비하여 높은 경향이었다. 유우사 지붕의 재질은 슬레이트 32.5%, 비닐 16.3%, 썬라이트 11.1%, 판넬 10.9, 함석 8.8, 강판 8.3%로 조사되었다. 1995년 이전에는 슬레이트가 많았으나 1995년 이후 비닐지붕이 증가하고 있으며 대규모 농가에서도 비닐지붕이 23.8%로 소규모 농가에 비하여 많았다. 우사 외벽 재질은 개방식이 83.3%이며 윈치커튼이 26.8%로 대부분 개병형 우사 이었다. 젖소 사육시설의 사용년수는 착유기 9.2년, 사료자동급이기 7.9년, 급수기 9.2년, 전기시설 10.4년으로 최근 사료자동급이기의 시설개선이 많이 있었던 것으로 나타났다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.355-365
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• 2010

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of supplemental recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) and cooling with misters and fans on renal function in relation to regulation of body fluids in different stages of lactation in crossbred Holstein cattle. Ten, 87.5% crossbred Holstein cattle were divided into two groups of 5 animals each, housing in a normal shaded barn (NS) and in a shaded barn with a mister-fans cooling system (MF). The experiment in each group was divided into 3 phases, early- (Day 75 postpartum), mid- (Day 135 postpartum), and late stage of lactation (Day 195 postpartum). The pre-treatment study was conducted on the starting day of each stage of lactation and the treatment study was performed after the end of the pre-treatment, during which the animal was injected with 500 mg of rbST (POSILAC) every 14 days for three times. During the study, ambient temperature at the hottest period daily in the MF barn was significantly lower, while relative humidity was higher than that of the NS barn. The temperature humidity index (THI) in both barns ranged from 79-85 throughout the periods of study. Cows in the MF barn showed a lower rectal temperature and respiration rate as compared with cows in the NS barn. The effect of rbST administration increased both rectal temperature and respiration rates of cows housed in either the NS or MF barn. Milk yield significantly increased in cows treated with rbST in all stages of lactation. Increases in mammary blood flow, accompanied by increases of total body water (TBW), extracellular fluid (ECF), blood volume (BV) and plasma volume (PV), were observed in both groups of cows receiving rbST in all stages of lactation. No alterations of renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate were observed in cows receiving rbST, but decreases in urinary excretion and fractional excretion of sodium, potassium and chloride ions appeared to correlate with reduction in the rate of urine flow and osmolar clearance during rbST administration. These results suggest that the effect of rbST supplementation to cows housed either in NS or MF barns on body fluid volume expansion is attributable to changes in the rate of electrolyte excretion by the kidney. The increased availability of renal tubular reabsorption of sodium, potassium and chloride ions during rbST treatment was a major factor in retaining body water through its colligative properties in exerting formation of an osmotic force mechanism.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.272-280
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• 2019

The present study was designed to determine the effect of barn or cycle of grazing on changes of biochemical metabolites in prepartum and changes of milk composition in postpartum of dairy cows. For this purpose, a total of sixteen 25 months old Holstein primiparous dairy cows were allocated in two groups (n=8) with an average body weight of 571.61 ± 35.30 kg (Barn) and 578.10 ± 39.20 kg (Grazing). The study was conducted from June 2018 to October 2018. Results revealed that barn raised dairy cows had a higher increase in their serum albumin and calcium level on day 14 prepartum. However, the level of palmitic acid, saturated fatty acid increased significantly, and the level of fat, oleic acid, γ-linoleic acid, arachidonic acid and unsaturated fatty acids decreased significantly in barn raised dairy cow's milk on day 14 postpartum. There were no significant differences observed with respect to all other biochemical metabolites, fatty acids and minerals between barn raised and cycle grazing dairy cows during prepartum and postpartum. Our study results could serve to a better understanding of barn raised cow with respect to changes of biochemical metabolites in prepartum and changes of milk composition, fatty acids and minerals content in grazing dairy cows in postpartum for estimating their physiological status.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.345-349
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• 2017

본 연구는 엘크 사슴의 사육방식에 따른 사료섭취량, 체중 변화 및 녹용생산성에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위하여 실시하였다. 엘크 사슴 12두를 공시하여 사사사육과 방목사육 형태로 사육하였으며, 처리구 간에 섭취량은 유사하게 나타났다. 일당증체량과 녹용생산성의 경우 방목사육 형태가 높게 나타났는데, 일당증체량은 방목사육 시 약 39% 높은 경향을 보였는데 이는 발육 개선효과가 있을 것으로 생각된다. 녹용 생산성 역시 방목사육 시에 약 19% 높은 경향을 보였다. 그러나 녹용 생산성의 경우 개체 간 편차가 심하여 통계적 유의성은 인정되지 않았다. 본 시험에서 방목사육 시에 일당증체량과 녹용 생산성이 높게 나타난 것은 방목에 따른 조사료원의 영양적 성분이 높기 때문으로 생각된다. 이러한 결과는 사슴 방목의 효과에 대한 기초자료로서 충분이 활용될 수 있을 것이며, 앞으로 계절과 방목지의 초종에 따른 녹용의 생산성과 안정성에 대한 추가적인 연구가 수행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.35-39
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• 2014

This paper is purposed to analyze the thermal characteristics of wiring according to the number of electric fans in operation for 10 fans over 10 year old and 10 fans less than 1 year old in livestock barn. In order to achieve the goal in the paper, it selected VCTFK, VFF, HIV, and CV wiring that were used most at 64 livestock barns in Cheongwon location through the research on the field investigation. Finally, it also analyzed the dangers by deducing the thermal characteristic data of 4 wiring. In addition, this paper suggested the mode of load current (the most frequently measured load current) of both over 10 years old and less than 1 year old electric fans. The data of this paper could be used for the maintenance and management of wiring and fire investigation of livestock barn as well as for materials of safe designs of wiring of electric fans.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2017년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.408-411
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• 2017

이 논문은 스마트축사 환경에서의 센서 데이터를 GS1 표준 기반의 EPCIS 이벤트 스키마 설계를 통해 운용하는 방법을 다룬다. 스마트축사 환경에서 사용되는 센서들의 종류를 정의하고, 이러한 센서 정보를 운용하기 위한 GS1 표준 식별자, 표준 이벤트/마스터데이터 구조, 표준 인터페이스로 정보를 설명하며, 스마트축사의 다양한 센서 정보를 저장/공유하는 스키마의 구조를 정의한다.