• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.177-187
• /
• 1999

Gravity, magnetic and VLF surveys were conducted to investigat the structural stability and hazards associated with the Ubong landfill in Pohang City, which has been built to dump industrial wastes. In 1994, the collapse of a bank happened in the 6th landfill site due to sudden heavy rain, and a large quantity of waste materials flowed out to the nearby landfill sites, factories and roads. We used $10{\times}10m$ resolution DEM data for gravity reductions. The maximum variation of the terrain effect in the survey area is about 0.5 mgal and the terrain effect is large in the vicinity of bank boundary. The Bouguer gravity anomaly map shows the effect due to the variatino of thickness and type of waste materials. The small negative gravity anomaly increases from the 9th site to the 6th site. The small negative gravity anomaly of the 9th site reflects the relatively shallow dumping depth of average 14.5 m in this site and increased density of waste materials by the repeated stabilization process of soil overlaying. The 6th site is located at the center of the former valley and rainfall and groundwater are expected to flow from south-east to north-west. Therefore, considering the previous accident of mixing waste and bank materials at the north-west boundary of the landfill, there may be some environmental problems of leakage of contaminated water and bank stability. The complex inversion technique using Simulated annealing and Marquardt-Levenberg methods was applied to calculate three-dimensional density distribution from gravity data. In the case of 6th site, it is apparent that the landfill had been dumped in four sectors. However, most part of the 9th site and showed that high magnetic industrial wastes were concentrated in the 6th site. The result of magnetic survey showing low magnetic anomalies along the boundaries of two sites is similar to that of gravity data. The VLF data also reveals four divided sectors in the 6th site, and overall anomaly trend indicates the directio of former valley.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.131-138
• /
• 2014

Management consulting by a bank is expected to have a win-win relationship to the mutual development of the banks and client firms. Previous studies also claimed that consulting had a positive impact on the competitiveness and business performance of the firms. Nevertheless, few empirical studies were found to analyze the relationship and explain the result whether consulting had really enhanced the competitiveness and performance of the businesses after consulting. The present paper has empirically analyzed the impact of a management consulting by a bank on the business performance of the client firms and on the contribution to the bank. In terms of client firms, the financial results of the client companies such as stability, profitability and growth potential were compared before and after the consulting; in terms of the bank, the changes in the last three-month average outstanding of deposits and loans were measured and verified in order to measure the contribution of the client firms to bank. A significant effect was confirmed in this study of the consulting on the client firms' the debt ratio-an item of financial stability and sales growth-an item of the growth potential.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.201-208
• /
• 2011

When designing a river, it is important to select the appropriate bank revetment methods, but there are no specific guidelines until now. Accordingly, it is important to prevent over-budgeting by deciding the suitability of the adopted bank revetment methods when designing a river. In this study, an assessment method was developed to assess the suitability of the adopted bank revetment methods when designing a river. By adopting this method to eight rivers, its validity was examined. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used for the assessment, along with suitability index (SI) of the adopted bank revetment methods when designing a river. In order to select the best bank revetment methods, all environmental variables of the selected location have to be considered. Accordingly, to assess the designed bank revetment methods, all variables of the selected location have to be considered. The assessing items include hydraulic stability, environmental-ecological feasibility, economy, and amenity of the bank revetment. Each item includes four to five sub-items, and each sub-items reflect survey results on the locations. The assessment method was adopted and assessed for eight rivers, and bank revetments was designed to determine the SI. The result of this study is considered to be appropriate when assessing an eco-friendly bank revetment methods, and inappropriate designed bank revetments will guide future planners for selecting the most appropriate construction method.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.19-26
• /
• 2017

Banks play a crucial role in bringing stability and economic development through their expected contribution in proper financial resource mobilisation across the economy. Despite the importance, there is little focus in recent literature which provided the empirical evidence how the global financial crisis affect the bank efficiency in Bangladesh. Thus, this paper aims to examine the effect of the global financial crisis and other factors on the efficiency of Bangladesh commercial banks. By employing the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method, we computed the technical efficiency of individual banks operating in the Bangladesh banking sector during 2000 to 2013. The empirical findings indicate that the Bangladesh banking sector has exhibited the highest efficiency level during 2001, while efficiency seems to be at the lowest level during 2010. The study finds that crisis along with bank size, capital adequacy ratio, return on average equity and real interest rate have a significant effect on bank efficiency in Bangladesh. In order to keep the sound financial development of Bangladesh, banks operating in the Bangladesh banking sector have to consider all the potential technologies which could improve their profit efficiency levels, since the main motive of banks is to maximise shareholders' value or wealth through profit maximisation.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.959-975
• /
• 2013

The SAS macro faces program by Friendly (1992) is for Chernoff face analysis, which is one of methods for the visualization representation of multivariate data. In this paper, we examined 18 face features used in the program and presented the modified program depending on the definition of a good face in days present. In addition, a good bank evaluation for 15 domestic banks was performed through Chernoff face analysis based on 11 bank economic indicators representing stability, the consumer satisfaction, soundness, and banks profitability.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.7 no.10
• /
• pp.369-376
• /
• 2020

Credit capital from customers' savings deposit (CSD) of banks has an important meaning in the business activities of the banking industry. There are many factors that influence the CSD satisfaction with banks. Certain changes have been made when there are fluctuations due to COVID-19. The article is based on an analysis assessing the factors that influence the CSD satisfaction of Vietnamese commercial banks in the context of COVID-19. The authors use a sample of 1,639 CSD. The results show that there are three variables that positively affect CSD satisfaction, including legal provisions of the Central bank (Legal), policies and mechanisms of commercial banks (Policy), and products of commercial banks (Product). Accordingly, in order to contribute to strengthening this capital mobilization of savings deposit, the Central bank of Vietnam needs to play a pivotal role in the regulations of the banking system to ensure its stability; control well monetary policy, interest rates, and inflation to keep a stable position in the economy; and provide timely financial support packages to enhance the confidence of CSD. Moreover, Vietnamese commercial banks need flexible policies and mechanisms to stimulate CSD; strengthen support on deposit rates for CSD; and diversify products to easily adapt to each CSD's situation.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.647-654
• /
• 2021

This study examines the non-performing loans of rural banks and macroeconomic factors in Indonesia, including inflation, exchange rates, and interest rates. Theoretically, the existence of erratic macroeconomic conditions can affect the level of non-performing credit risk in rural credit banks in Indonesia. The effect of macroeconomic conditions on non-performing loans has a different response for each economic sector. The main objective of this study is to determine the effect of macroeconomic factors (inflation, exchange rates, and interest rates) and bank-specific factors (credit) on the Non-Performing Loans (NPL) of Rural Banks in Indonesia for the period from January 2015 to December 2018. This study uses a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) estimation to determine the effect of independent variables consisting of macroeconomic factors and bank-specific factors. Based on the estimation results of the Vector Error Correction Model, three variables that have a positive and significant effect on long-term non-performing loans are credit, inflation, and interest rates. Meanwhile, in the short term, there are only two variables that have a positive and significant effect on non-performing loans, namely, credit and interest rates. Inflation and exchange rate variables have a negative and insignificant effect on bad credit in the short term.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.497-503
• /
• 2021

The aim of this study is to determine the factors that affect customer satisfaction in the banking sector of Bangladesh because the economic growth and stability of a country depends on the soundness of its banking sector. The study tries to investigate and assess the quality of service on customer satisfaction in the banking sector. As a sample, data were collected from 382 respondents who were customers of 32 selected commercial banks of Bangladesh. A pre-structured questionnaire was used to collect the required data and information. OLS regression model and descriptive statistical tools were used to analyze data. The results of this study reveal that the quality of service (e.g., tangibility, reliability, and empathy) has a statistically significant impact on customer satisfaction. The results also show that there is a positive correlation between the customer satisfaction and service quality dimensions in the banking sector of Bangladesh. The present study finds that in the domestic banking industry the service quality dimensions (i.e., tangibility, reliability, and empathy) have significant positive impact on customer satisfaction. The findings of the present study suggest that Bank Supervisory Authority, Central Bank of Bangladesh, and Bank Management should give special emphasis to ensure maximum satisfaction of banks' customers.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.65-73
• /
• 2015

The bank revetment work which is conducted on the slope of river bank to protect against flowing water as a geotechnical structure has been applied as an average value of critical tractive force based on domestic and international standard design. Currently, an appropriate evaluation is needed for the hydraulic stability and geotechnical behavior analysis of bank revetments because of the effects of climate change and ambiguous design criterion. This study has compared the critical tractive forces of soil improvement material and conventional materials used for the bank revetment work. Through various experiments, the shear strength of mixtures with soil improvement material was investigated by curing time and mixture ratio. It was found that the critical tractive force of the mixture obtained from a scour test is suitable to the reinforcement of the slope of river bank which has problems such as seepage erosion and scour.

• East Asian Economic Review
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.221-244
• /
• 2024

This study examines how the independence of monetary policy changes in situations where the interest rate differential between domestic and foreign rates inverts, utilizing the trilemma indices. For analysis, this paper uses the trilemma indices developed by Kim et al. (2017) to analyze the relationship between the monetary policy independence index and the other two trilemma indices, namely the capital account openness index and the exchange rate stability index, across 45 countries from 2002 to 2018. The analysis reveals that the trilemma's validity is contingent. In particular, no statistically significant negative correlation was found between the monetary policy independence index and exchange rate stability index during periods of interest rate differential inversion. A positive correlation emerges between exchange rate stability and the independence of monetary policy, particularly when the inverted interest rate differential exceeds a certain threshold. This situation, where the exchange rate remains stable despite low domestic interest rates, implies that the central bank is effectively managing monetary policy to appropriately respond to economic conditions, which is reflected in the monetary policy independence index.