• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of ankle kinesio taping on the balanced control capabilities of normal adults, stroke patients, and musculoskeletal patients. METHODS: One thousand articles were searched, and 100 of them were selected as taping papers. Subsequently, 33 papers classified according to balance, muscle strength and pain were analyzed according to the effect size and age group. RESULTS: The effect of ankle kinesio taping on balance control was examined by dividing the effect size into three groups according to the type of disease. Studies with normal adults had a large effect size of 1.213, whereas the effect size of stroke studies was .377, which was small. Studies on musculoskeletal disorders had a large effect size of 1.429. All three groups did not include 0 in the 95% confidence interval, indicating a significant effect. CONCLUSION: The effect of kinesio taping on balance control was positive in all subjects, including normal adults, stroke patients, and musculoskeletal patients. On the other hand, in terms of the effect size of kinesio taping on balance control, musculoskeletal patients and normal adults had larger effect sizes than stroke patients.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.127-135
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of combining Mulligan taping and flossing bands on lower limb muscle activity and static and dynamic balance. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Methods: Sixty-eight patients with chronic ankle instability were randomized into three groups that were treated with Mulligan taping (MT, n=22), flossing band (FB, n=23) and Mulligan taping combined with flossing band (MT+FB, n=23), and various parameters were compared before and after the intervention. The muscle activity of the lower extremities, including the tibialis anterior, peroneus longus and medial of gastrocnemius muscles was measured using BTS FREE EMG 1000, while the static and dynamic balance were measured using the Biorscuue balance measuring equipment. Results: There was a significant difference in muscle activity of the tibialis anterior muscle, before and after the intervention, in the MT group (p<0.01), FB (p<0.001) and MT+FB (p<0.001). There was also a significant difference in the muscle activity of the tibialis anterior muscle in the MT+FB group when compared with that in MT and FB groups (p<0.05). We also observed a significant difference in the dynamic balance all the groups (p<0.001). Conclusions: Therefore, combining Mulligan taping and flossing bands for patients with chronic ankle instability may improve dynamic balance and tibialis anterior muscle activity.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2022

Objective: Flexed posture commonly increases with age in older adults and is characterized by kyphosis and forward head posture. Changes in the posture with age affect both balance and mobility. This study was conducted to examine the effects of a cervical stabilization exercise for community-dwelling older adults to improve balance. Design: Two groups pretest-posttest design. Methods: Fifty older adults were randomly assigned into the cervical stabilization exercise group (n=24) and control group (n=25). The cervical stabilization exercise group (n=24) participated in group exercise for 60 minutes twice a week over 4 weeks. Timed up and go test (TUG), four square step test (FSST), functional reach test (FRT), postural sway, cervical range of motion (CROM), proprioception, craniovertebral angle (CVA) were evaluated before and after the intervention. Results: TUG, FSST, FRT, CROM, Proprioception, CVA showed significantly greater improvement, compared with a control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Findings of this study demonstrate that cervical stabilization exercise can help improve not only neck functional capacities but also balance. Therefore, it may be used as an effective balance exercise program for community-dwelling older adults.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.279-284
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• 2022

Objective: This study was conducted to confirm the effect of physiotherapy on the balance and walking in dog with sciatic nerve injury and degenerative arthritis of stifle joints. Design: Single case study Methods: The dog walked abnormally for six months and was administrated in S animal hospital. The dog's right hindlimb was operated for cranial cruciate ligament repair and the dog had been taking a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic before being refered. There was severe degenerated osteoarthritis in the right hindlimb. During stance and walking, the right hindlimb was often shown partial weight bearing. The dog's left hindlimb was shown plantigrade stance and walking. The radiograph was shown an intact calcaneal tendon in the left hindlimb. In the neurologic examination, sciatic nerve injury in the left hindlimb was confirmed. The dog was treated using muscle strengthening, proprioceptive exercise, underwater treadmill and Laser therapy two, or three times a week for 3 months. At the 10th and 17th treatment, it was evaluated through stance and gait analyzer system to measure dog's balance and walking. Results: 3 months following physiotherapy, the dog's balance was improved in center of pressure(COP). And peak vertical force(PVF), vertical impulse(VI) was increased in right hindlimb and double stance was decreased. Conclusions: Physiotherapy may have improved the prognosis in this dog with severe osteoarthritis and sciatic nerve injury. This study suggested that animal physiotherapy is a valuable way to improve balance and walking.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.85-93
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• 2021

PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the evaluation of muscle activity, muscle fatigue and balance in male high school Taekwondo athlete with a deformity of the medial longitudinal arch. METHODS: The 20 male high school Taekwondo athletes participated in the study they have been measured radiographic a medial longitudinal arch and divided into a medial longitudinal arch group (higher than 18.8°; MLA group, n = 12) and control group (lower than 18.8°; CON group, n = 8). All subjects were measured muscle activity (TA, PT, PL and PB), muscle fatigue (TA, PT, PL and PB) and balance (A-, AL-, L-, PL-, P-, PM-, M-, AM-direction and composite score; CS). RESULTS: The muscle activity of TP was significantly higher in MLA group compared to CON group (p = 031) and the muscle fatigue of TA was significantly lower in MLA group compared to CON group (p = .043). However, balance did not show significant differences between the groups. CONCLUSION: These results confirmed that male high school Taekwondo athlete with a deformity of medial longitudinal arch increase TP and decrease TA, but there was no difference on balance.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.414-420
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of coordinative locomotor training(CLT) using elastic bands on dynamic balance and grip strength for Elementary school baseball players and to provide correct posture guidance and reference on the prevention and rehabilitation program of sports damage and injury in the future. Design: Two groups pre-post randomized controlled design. Methods: Forty-six subjects were randomly divided in two groups;1) CLT using Elastic Band group(Experimental group, n=23), 2) Routine baseball training group(Control group, n=23). The intervention was conducted total 16 times for sixty minutes a day, 2 times a week, for 8 weeks. Evaluations of dynamic balance ability and grip strength were performed with all subjects before the commencement of training and 8 weeks after training. Results: Compared to the control group after training, the dynamic balance ability and dominant handgrip strength of the experimental group were significantly more improved(p<0.05). Conclusions: We confirmed that the effects of CLT using elastic bands on dynamic balance ability and grip strength in Elementary school baseball player. This study should be used for improving the quality of the Elementary school baseball player's training and would be contributed prevention and rehabilitation program of sports damage and injury.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.56-62
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• 2022

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ankle joint immobilization on postural balance during quiet standing. Design: Cross-sectional study Methods: Twenty-seven healthy subject participated in this study. The subjects performed to stand quietly for 30s in eyes open on the platform with three different conditions. The sway length, sway area and sway velocity of center of gravity (COG) displacement and limit of stability (LOS) was measured using the balance platform. Repeated measured ANOVA was used to compare the postural balance parameters depending on three different ankle immobilized conditions. Results: Sway length, sway area and sway velocity of the COG displacement with bilateral ankle immobilized condition was significantly increased compared to those of the other two conditions(p<0.05). All directions of LOS with bilateral ankle immobilized condition were significantly decreased compared to those of the other two conditions. Conclusion: These findings suggest that ankle joint immobilization could be one of the factors that interfere the maintaining of the postural balance in quiet standing.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of blood flow restriction bridge exercise on leg muscle thickness and balance. In addition, it is to promote blood flow restriction exercise as the basis for early prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of sarcopenia in clinical practice. Methods: Twenty elderly women aged 65 years or older were selected to participate in this study. The subjects were divided into two groups of 10: one with blood flow restriction with bridge exercise (BFRG) and the other with bridge exercise alone (BG). As for the exercise method, the thickness of rectus femoris and vastus medialis and Berg balance scale were investigated by intervention for 30 minutes a day, 3 times a week, for a total of 6 weeks. Results: There was significant difference in the thickness of the rectus femoris and vastus medial and within-group changes in the Berg balance scale (p <0.05) before and after the experiment in the BFRG and BG groups (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in change between the two groups (p <0.05). Conclusion: There was a significant difference in the intragroup change of the Berg balance scale in the BFRG before and after the experiment, but there was no significant difference in the BG, and there was no significant difference in the change between the two groups.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.125-131
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• 2023

Purpose: This study examined the acute effects of static and dynamic stretching on the flexibility of the hamstring, dynamic balance ability, and function of the lower extremities in healthy adults. Methods: Thirty participants were assigned randomly to three groups: static stretching group (SSG), basic dynamic stretching group (BDSG), and 5 sec dynamic stretching group (5DSG). SSG performed three sets of 30 seconds of static stretching. BDSG performed a single-leg deadlift (SLD) at the same time as SSG, and 5DSG performed SLD held for five seconds. Hamstring flexibility, dynamic balance ability, and lower extremity function were evaluated before and after intervention. Results: The hamstring flexibility significantly improved in all groups (p<0.05). The dynamic balance ability improved significantly after intervention in all groups except BDSG in the anterior direction (p<0.05). There were significant differences in the posterolateral and posteromedial direction in all groups. The function of the lower extremity showed significant improvement over time only in BDSG (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study suggested that basic dynamic stretching and 5 sec dynamic stretching positively affect the hamstring flexibility, dynamic balance ability, and lower extremity function. Therefore, it is recommended to include dynamic stretching in a program for improving the hamstring flexibility, dynamic balance ability, and the lower extremity function. In addition, it is recommended to apply it at different times depending on the purpose.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.56-68
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• 2011

산림에서의 차단강수증발(EWC)은 증발산과 강수에 중요한 기여를 한다. 따라서, 산림에서의 수문순환을 이해하기 위해서는 정확한 $E_{WC}$를 산정하는 것이 중요하다. 본 고찰에서는 $E_{WC}$의 측정방법을 소개하고, 선행 연구에서 보고된 산림형태(예를 들면, 활엽수림, 침엽수림, 혼효림, 열대림)에 따른 $E_{WC}$ 값과 측정시 고려해야 할 사항에 대하여 논의하였다. 전형적인 $E_{WC}$ 측정에는 물 수지, 에너지 수지 및 Penman-Monteith 방법이 있다. 전반적으로, $E_{WC}$는 강수량의 5~54%를 차지하였으며, 같은 산림형태내에서도 $E_{WC}$의 강수량에 대한 기여도는 큰 변동을 보였다. 이러한 변동에는 강수강도, 기상조건, 군락 구조 특성이 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 특정 산림형태에서의 $E_{WC}$의 강수량에 대한 기여도를 정량화하는 것은 어려울 것으로 판단된다. 관측시 발생하는 오차는 $E_{WC}$ 정량화의 불확실성을 증대 시킨다. 물수지 방법의 경우, 풍속의 영향을 받는 강수 관측과 군락 구조의 공간적 비균질성의 영향을 받는 수관통과우 등의 관측 오차를 들 수 있다. 에너지 수지 방법의 경우에는 현열 플럭스와 열저류항의 관측이 주요 오차의 원인이 되며, Penman-Monteith 방법은 공기전도도와 현열의 이류 추정에서 발생하는 오차에 주의를 기울여야 한다. 각 측정방법의 오차를 최소화하고 신뢰할 수 있는 $E_{WC}$를 얻기위해서는 수문학적 방법과 미기상학적 방법, 즉 물 수지와 에너지 수지 방법을 함께 사용하는 것이 바람직하다.