• 대한간호학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.697-707
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• 2014

Purpose: The purposes of this study was to develop a comprehensive community-based fall prevention program and to test the effects of the program on the muscle strength, postural balance and fall efficacy for elderly people. Methods: The design of this study was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. There were 28 participants in the experimental group and 29 in the control group. The program consisted of balance exercises, elastic resistance exercises and prevention education. The program was provided five times a week for 8 weeks and each session lasted 90 minutes. Data were analyzed using ${\chi}^2$-test, independent t-test and paired t-test using the SPSS program. Results: Muscle strength of the lower extremities, postural balance and fall efficacy scores significantly improved in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: These results suggest that this program can improve lower extremity muscle strength, postural balance and fall efficacy in elders. Therefore, this program is recommended for use in fall prevention programs for elders living in the community.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.277-283
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• 2008

Balance shaft module contributes to reduce the engine-born vibration by compensating it from a unbalance mass with opposite phase but practically, this device has some problems during the operation in a high speed owing to the considerable amount of unbalance mass that leads to the large quantity of bending deformation as well as torque fluctuation at the balance shaft. To tackle two main problems, the design strategy on balance shaft is suggested by addressing the optimal location of unbalance mass and supporting hearing based on the formulation of objective function that minimizes critical issues, both bending deformation as well as torque fluctuation. The boundary condition of balance shaft assumes to be free such that any external force or contact component is not taken into consideration in this study.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.2028-2035
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• 2020

Background: Weakness of the trunk muscles decreases the trunk control ability of stroke patients, which is significantly related to balance and gait. Objectives: To compare the impact of diagonal pattern self-exercise on an unstable surface and a stable surface for trunk rehabilitation on trunk control, balance, and gait ability in stroke patients. Design: Nonequivalent control group design. Methods: Twenty four participants were randomized into the experimental group (diagonal pattern self-exercise while sitting on an unstable surface, n=12) and the control group (diagonal pattern self-exercise while sitting on a stable surface, n=12). All interventions were conducted for 30 minutes, three times a week for four weeks, and the trunk impairment scale (TIS), berg balance scale (BBS), functional gait assessment (FGA), and G-walk were measured. Results: All groups indicated significant increases in all variables (TIS, BBS, FGA, cadence, speed, stride length) after four weeks. The TIS, BBS, FGA, cadence, gait speed, and stride length group-by-time were significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: We found that, in stroke patients, diagonal pattern self-exercise on an unstable surface is a more effective method for improving trunk control, balance, and gait ability than diagonal pattern self-exercise on a stable surface.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2022

Objective: Flexed posture commonly increases with age in older adults and is characterized by kyphosis and forward head posture. Changes in the posture with age affect both balance and mobility. This study was conducted to examine the effects of a cervical stabilization exercise for community-dwelling older adults to improve balance. Design: Two groups pretest-posttest design. Methods: Fifty older adults were randomly assigned into the cervical stabilization exercise group (n=24) and control group (n=25). The cervical stabilization exercise group (n=24) participated in group exercise for 60 minutes twice a week over 4 weeks. Timed up and go test (TUG), four square step test (FSST), functional reach test (FRT), postural sway, cervical range of motion (CROM), proprioception, craniovertebral angle (CVA) were evaluated before and after the intervention. Results: TUG, FSST, FRT, CROM, Proprioception, CVA showed significantly greater improvement, compared with a control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Findings of this study demonstrate that cervical stabilization exercise can help improve not only neck functional capacities but also balance. Therefore, it may be used as an effective balance exercise program for community-dwelling older adults.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.414-420
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of coordinative locomotor training(CLT) using elastic bands on dynamic balance and grip strength for Elementary school baseball players and to provide correct posture guidance and reference on the prevention and rehabilitation program of sports damage and injury in the future. Design: Two groups pre-post randomized controlled design. Methods: Forty-six subjects were randomly divided in two groups;1) CLT using Elastic Band group(Experimental group, n=23), 2) Routine baseball training group(Control group, n=23). The intervention was conducted total 16 times for sixty minutes a day, 2 times a week, for 8 weeks. Evaluations of dynamic balance ability and grip strength were performed with all subjects before the commencement of training and 8 weeks after training. Results: Compared to the control group after training, the dynamic balance ability and dominant handgrip strength of the experimental group were significantly more improved(p<0.05). Conclusions: We confirmed that the effects of CLT using elastic bands on dynamic balance ability and grip strength in Elementary school baseball player. This study should be used for improving the quality of the Elementary school baseball player's training and would be contributed prevention and rehabilitation program of sports damage and injury.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2014

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a three dimensional balance trainer in combination with a video-game system and visual feedback on balance recovery and gait function in subacute stroke patients. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: Twenty-three subacute stroke patients were assigned to either an experimental (n=12) or a control group (n=11) using a random permuted block design and sealed envelopes. The experimental group received additional 3-dimensional balance training combined with visual feedback and a game program for 30 min/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Both groups received 30-min of conservative physical therapy sessions based on neurodevelopmental therapy. Before and after the 20 sessions, walking abilities were evaluated by the the GaitRite system and balances were evaluated using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). The Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) was used to assess trunk muscle performances. Results: After the 4-week intervention, BBS and TIS scores were significantly increased in both groups (p<0.05), and increases in these scores were significantly greater in the experimental group (p<0.05). After the 4-week intervention, gait speed and cadence were significantly increased in both groups (p<0.05), and as was observed for BBS and TIS scores, changes of gait speed and cadence were significantly greater in the experimental group (p<0.05). Conclusions: The study shows that the 3-dimensional balance trainer combined with visual biofeedback and a video-game system provides a therapeutic means for improving balance and gait ability in subacute stroke patients.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.323-345
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• 2014

Less than 30 years ago a new method was introduced in wind-tunnel testing of tall buildings, known variously as the High-Frequency Base Balance or High-Frequency Force Balance, which revolutionized the determination of design wind loads using model studies. The method is reviewed in hindsight, in the perspective of the present, and with a crystal ball to speculate on future developments. These viewpoints focus on various technical issues that have been solved, are being solved, and need to be solved. The intent is to assist the uninitiated develop appreciation for the technology involved, to identify various pitfalls awaiting those who embark in the method, and to identify areas of need so that practicing design engineers-the users of such studies-can appreciate the limitations and collaborate on future advances while promoting improved communication between executor and user.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.296-306
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• 2019

The flyback topology is being widely used in power adapters. The coupling capacitance between primary and secondary windings of a flyback transformer is the main path for common-mode (CM) noise conduction. A Y-cap is usually used to effectively suppress EMI noise. However, this results in problems in space, cost, and the danger of safety leakage current. In this paper, the CM noise behaviors due to the electric field coupling of the transformer windings in a flyback adapter with synchronous rectification are analyzed. Then a scheme with balance winding is proposed to reduce the CM noise with a transformer winding design that eliminates the Y-cap. The planar transformer has advantages in terms of its low profile, good heat dissipation and good stray parameter consistency. Based on the proposed scheme, with the help of a full-wave simulation tool, the key parameter influences of the transformer PCB winding design on CM noise are further analyzed. Finally, a PCB transformer for an 18W adapter is designed and tested to verify the effectiveness of the balance winding scheme.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2007

Objectives : Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) balance is known to be intricately integrated with nervous system, cervical spine, and meridian system balance. This retrospective study with one-group pretest-posttest design reviewed cervical spine imaging data to provide evidence of spinal alignment improving effect of TMJ balance treatment. Methods : Cervical spine imaging data including computed tomography and simple x-ray of 25 cases with painful condition were reviewed to explore any change in cervical alignment on wearing the intraoral device for TMJ balance treatment of functional cerebrospinal therapy. Results : Cervical spine alignment significantly improved on wearing the intraoral device. Conclusions : TMJ balance treatment improves cervical spinal alignment, which may be a firm basis to proceed with further research of TMJ balance therapy as a way of balancing the whole-body meridian system.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.424-428
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• 2007

In the current most tool using heat and mass balance in a coal gasifier is dependent on commercial code such as STANJAN, CHEMKIN. However, in order to keep the self-reliance technology, it is necessary to develop the original design tool available for comprehension and analysis on the spot. So in this study, its own heat and mass balance program is developed on the assumption that the process in a coal gasifier is adiabatic and quasi-equilibrium. The mass balance is calculated by using the chemical equilibrium principle. Also the heat and mass balance according to main operating factors such as temperature, pressure and O2/Coal ratio, was carried in this tool. This heat and mass balance was verified on the basis of the results simulated in STANJAN, commercial codes using similar logic.