• 상하수도학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.379-388
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• 2019

Chlorination and UV illumination are being widely applied to inactivate a number of pathogenic microbials in the environment. Here, we evaluated the inactivation efficiency of individual and combined treatments of chlorination and UV under various aqueous conditions. UV dosage was required higher in waste water than in phosphate buffer to achieve the similar disinfecting efficiency. Free chlorine generated by electrolysis of waste water was abundant enough to inactivate microbials. Based on these, hybrid system composed of sequential treatment of electrolysis-mediated chlorination and UV treatment was developed under waste water conditions. Compared to individual treatments, hybrid system inactivated bacteria (i.e., E. coli and S. typhimurium) and viruses (i.e., MS-2 bacteriophage, rotavirus, and norovirus) more efficiently. The hybrid system also mitigated the photo re-pair of UV-driven DNA damages of target bacteria. The combined results suggested the hybrid system would achieve high inactivation efficiency and safety on various pathogenic microbials in wastewater.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.1288-1295
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• 2012

Exposure to bioaerosols causes various adverse health effects including infectious and respiratory diseases, and hypersensitivity. Controlling exposure to bioaerosols is important for disease control and prevention. In this study, we evaluated the efficacies of various functional filters coated with antimicrobial chemicals in deactivating representative microorganisms on filters or as bioaerosols. Tested functional filters were coated with different chemicals that included (i) Ginkgo and sumac, (ii) Ag-apatite and guanidine phosphate, (iii) $SiO_2$, ZnO, and $Al_2O_3$, and (iv) zeolite. To evaluate the filters, we used a model ventilation system (1) to evaluate the removal efficiency of bacteria (Escherichia coli and Legionella pneumophila), bacterial spores (Bacillus subtilis spore), and viruses (MS2 bacteriophage) on various functional filters, and (2) to characterize the removal efficiency of these bioaerosols. All experiments were performed at a constant temperature of $25^{\circ}C$ and humidity of 50%. Most bacteria (excluding B. subtilis) rapidly decreased on the functional filter. Therefore, we confirmed that functional filters have antimicrobial effects. Additionally, we evaluated the removal efficiency of various bioaerosols by these filters. We used a six-jet collision nebulizer to generate microbial aerosols and introduced it into the environmental chamber. We then measured the removal efficiency of functional filters with and without a medium-efficiency filter. Most bioaerosol concentrations did not significantly decrease by the functional filter only but decreased by a combination of functional and medium-efficiency filter. In conclusion, functional filters could facilitate biological removal of various bioaerosols, but physical removal of these by functional was minimal. Proper use of chemical-coated filter materials could reduce exposure to these agents.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.57-66
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• 1987

E. coli의 한 변종안 LeB 850 strain을 MNNG되 저해하여 MMS에 대해 증가된 빈감성을 갖는 변종들 분리하다. 이 들에 대해 효소 황동도, 간단한 알켈화제 시약에 대한 띤감성을 조사하고, bacteriophage을 이용한 숙주세포 재활성도 능력 평가 알칼화제 실시하여 이 들을 확정지었다. E. coli의 변종인 5-62뉴 3-methyladenine DNA glycosylase II의 효소 활능도가 전혀 없었으며, 알킬화제 시약인 M:ING와 1\1MS에 대한 매우 증가된 민감성을 보였다. 또한 이 변종 5-62는 MMS가 처리된 phage charon 35-을 숙주내에 셔 새황성화 시키는 능력이 현저히 부족하였다. 변종 5-62에서 MMS에 대해 증가 된 저항성을 주는 MMS+ gene을 cloning 하였다. 재조합 plasmid인 pMRG 1은 변종 5-62에서 MMS에 대한 민감도달 감소시켰으나 MMS에 대한 민감도는 변화 시키시 몫했다. 이 plasmid를 포착한 변종 5-62는 0.5$\mu$g/ml의 MNNG를 $37^{\circ}C$에서 2 시간 처리 하였을때 MMS의 저항성을 보다 촉진시켰다. 재조합 plasmid인 pMRG 1이 alk A 변이와 ada 변이를 회복시키지 못했으나, MMS가 처리된 파지를 재활성화 시키는 능력은 이 plasmid가 없는 변종보다 증가시컸다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.363-370
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• 2023

Human respiratory viral infections such as COVID-19 are highly contagious, so continuous management of airborne viruses is essential. In particular, indoor air monitoring is necessary because the risk of infection increases in poorly ventilated indoors. However, the current method of detecting airborne viruses requires a lot of time from sample collection to confirmation of results. In this study, we proposed a system that can monitor airborne viruses in real time to solve the deficiency of the present method. Air samples were collected in liquid form through a bio sampler, in which case the virus is present in low concentrations. To detect viruses from low-concentration samples, viral RNA was concentrated and extracted using silica-magnetic beads. RNA binds to silica under certain conditions, and by repeating this binding reaction, bulk samples collected from the air can be concentrated. After concentration and extraction, viral RNA is specifically detected through real-time qPCR (quantitative polymerase chain reaction). In addition, based on liquid handling technology, we have developed an automatic machine that automatically performs the entire testing process and can be easily used even by non-experts. To evaluate the system, we performed air sample collection and automated testing using bacteriophage MS2 as a model virus. As a result, the air-collected samples concentrated by 45 times then initial volume, and the detection sensitivity of PCR also confirmed a corresponding improvement.