• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제30권5호
• /
• pp.401-411
• /
• 2009

In this paper, we correct pulse wave velocity(PWV) with heart-rate and derive regression equations to estimate intima-media thickness(IMT). Widely used methods for diagnosis of arteriosclerosis are IMT and PWV. Arterial wall stiffness determines the degree of energy absorbed by the elastic aorta and its recoil in diastole but there is not correlation between sclerosis and IMT in an existing study. In this study, we will correct PWV with heart-rate and get regression equation to estimate IMT using heart-rate correction index(HCI). We executed experiments for this study. Made up question of physical condition and measured electrocardiogram(ECG), photoplethysmogram (PPG) of finger-tip and toe-tip and ultrasound image of carotid artery. Calculated PWV and IMT using ECG, PPG and ultrasound image. We found that every p-value between PWV and IMT is not significant(<0.05). But p-value between IMT and HCI which is a corrected PWV using heart-rate is significant(>0.01). We use HCI and various measured parameter for estimating regression equation and apply backward estimation to select parameters for regression analysis. Result of backward estimation, found that only HCI is possible to derive proper regression equation of IMT. Relationship between PWV and IMT is the second order. Result of regression equation of E-H PWV is $R^2$=0.735, adj $R^2$=0.711. This is the best correlation value. We calculate error of its analysis for verification of earlobe PWV regression equation. Its result is RMSEP=0.0328, MAPE(%) = 4.7622. Like this regression analysis, we know that HCI is useful parameter and relationship between PWV, HCI and IMT. In addition, we are able to suggest possibility which is that we can get different parameter of prediction throughout just one measurement.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.46-56
• /
• 1999

This study is on the performance prediction and design of a sirocco fan. Slip coefficient is very important factor for the performance analysis of a centrifugal-type fan. Because generally used slip coefficient equations of backward curved centrifugal fan are not appropriate for forward curved sirocco fan, in this study a proper slip coefficient equation for a sirocco fan is suggested. Using this equation performance prediction program for sirocco fan is composed of and also included the total noise prediction that include the turbulent noise at the fan inlet and boundary layer noise. A comparison between the values obtained from performance prediction program and experimental values shows that the program predicts the sirocco fan performance in a practical rate.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.561-577
• /
• 2002

In this paper, a two-dimensional finite volume unstructured mesh method (FVUM) based on a triangular background interpolation mesh is developed for analysing the evolution of the saltwater intrusion into single and multiple coastal aquifer systems. The model formulation consists of a ground-water flow equation and a salt transport equation. These coupled and non-linear partial differential equations are transformed by FVUM into a system of differential/algebraic equations, which is solved using backward differentiation formulas of order one through five. Simulation results are compared with previously published solutions where good agreement is observed.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제23권11호
• /
• pp.1399-1409
• /
• 1999

It is known that previous models are unsatisfactory in predicting adverse pressure gradient turbulent flows. In the present paper, a revised low Reynolds number $k-{\varepsilon}$ model is proposed. In this model, a newly developed term is added lo the dissipation rate equation. In order to reflect appropriate effects for an adverse pressure gradient. The added tenn is derived by considering the distribution of mean velocity and turbulent properties in the turbulent flow with, adverse pressure gradient. The new $k-{\varepsilon}$ model was applied to calculations of flat plate flow with adverse pressure gradient, conical diffuser flow and backward facing step flow. It was found that the three numerical results showed better agreement than other models compared with DNS results and experimental ones.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국신재생에너지학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.13-19
• /
• 2007

To find out the optimum design of hydrogen storage and supply tank using Metal Hydride (briefly MH) and to make clear the performance characteristics under various conditions are our research purpose. In order to use the low-temperature exhaust heat, $LaNi_{4.7}Al_{0.3}$ which operates under the low pressure of 1 MPa is chosen, and we measure the basic properties, namely density, specific heat, PCT(Pressure-Concentration-Temperature) characteristics, and effective thermal conductivity. Then, a numerical calculation model of hydrogen storage using MH alloy is suggested and this thermal diffusion equation of model is solved by the backward difference method. This calculation results are compared with the experimental results of the systems which installed 1kg MH alloy and, it is found out that our calculation model can well predict the experimental results. By the experimental using MH alloy, it is recognized that the hydrogen flow rate can control by the step adjustment of brine temperature.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.42-50
• /
• 2009

A new method for simulating voltage and current distributions in transmission lines is described. It gives the time domain solution of the terminal voltage and current as well as their line distributions. This is achieved by treating voltage and current distributions as distributed state variables (DSVs) and turning the transmission line equation into an ordinary differential equation. Thus the transmission line is treated like other lumped dynamic components, such as capacitors. Using backward differentiation formulae for time discretization, the DSV transmission line component is converted to a simple time domain companion model, from which its local truncation error can be derived. As the voltage and current distributions get more complicated with time, a new piecewise exponential with controllable accuracy is invented. A segmentation algorithm is also devised so that the line is dynamically bisected to guarantee that the total piecewise exponential error is a small fraction of the local truncation error. Using this approach, the user can see the line voltage and current at any point and time freely without explicitly segmenting the line before starting the simulation.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 유체기계공업학회 1998년도 강연회 및 연구개발 발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.63-72
• /
• 1998

This study Is on the performance prediction and design of sirocco fan. Slip coefficient is very important factor for the performance analysis of centrifugal-type fan. Because generally used slip coefficient equations of backward curved centrifugal fan are not appropriate for forward curved sirocco fan, in this study a proper slip coefficient equation for sirocco fan is suggested. Using this equation performance prediction program for sirocco fan is composed and also included the total noise prediction that include turbulent noise at the fan Inlet and boundary layer noise. A comparison between the values obtained from performance prediction program and experimental values shows that the program predicts the sirocco fan performance in a practical rate.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.140-144
• /
• 2010

In the case of a linear time-varying system, it is difficult to apply the conventional stability conditions of RHC (Receding Horizon Control) to real physical systems because of computational complexity comes from time-varying system and backward Riccati equation. Therefore, in this study, a frozen time RHC for a linear discrete time-varying system is proposed. Since the proposed control law is obtained by time-invariant Riccati equation solved by forward iterations at each control time, its stability can be ensured by matrix inequality condition and the stability condition based on horizon for a time-invariant system, and they can be applied to real physical systems effectively in comparison with the conventional RHC.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
• /
• 제13A권5호
• /
• pp.429-434
• /
• 2006

볼록거울을 사용하여 CCTV시스템을 만들면 카메라 수를 줄이는 효과가 있다. 이 경우 볼록거울 영상은 횐 영상이므로 평면영상처럼 변환해야 한다. 이 경우에, 중앙에 비추인 영상은 평면 영상으로 변환 후에도 왜곡이 거의 없지만 거울의 테두리 부근에서 얻은 영상을 변환하면 왜곡이 심하게 나타나서 영상 내의 물체를 식별하기가 어려워진다. 이는 볼록거울의 특성으로, 입사각이 겹쳐지면서 생기는 영상 겹침이 일어나기 때문이다. 거기에다 먼 곳에서 오는 빛의 산란과 그로 인한 블러링이 영상을 왜곡 시키는 요인이 된다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 왜곡을 극복하기 위해 편이 등고선 확장 방법과 비선형 파동방정식의 후진대입 해를 이용하여 빛의 산란효과를 줄이는 방법을 제안한다. 보통의 선형적 방법으로는 주파수 영역에서 푸리에 변수가 겹치는 신호로부터 블러드 노이즈를 분리해 낼 수가 없음은 알려져 있다. 그러나 비선형 변분법적 공식을 사용하면 그 블러드 노이즈 제거에 큰 효과를 볼 수 있다. 본 논문의 제안요소는 이 변분법적 공식을 사용하기 전에 편이 등고선 확장정리를 사용하여 영상겹침을 줄이고 파동방정식을 사용하여 산란효과를 줄이는 방법을 사용하는 것이다. 제안 결과를 분석하기 위해 PSNR값을 조사하였더니 파동방정식을 사용한 결과가 사용하지 않은 기존결과에 비해 4dB정도 개선된 값을 보였다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제44권3호
• /
• pp.247-255
• /
• 2016

본 논문에서는 핀틀 추력기의 비정상상태 특성을 파악하기 위하여 구동기의 속도를 측정하였으며, 정상상태 실험을 통해 비정상상태 실험 시스템을 구성하였다. 비정상상태 실험은 총 3 가지의 구동 속도(3.01 mm/s, 5.65 mm/s, 10.83 mm/s)를 이용하여 진행하였다. 그 결과 핀틀이 후진하는 경우가 전진하는 경우보다 더 빨리 명령 압력 값에 수렴하였으며, 이는 핀틀이 후진하는 경우가 연소실의 압력이 높은 상태로 형성되어 있기 때문이다. 핀틀이 전 후진하는 경우에 추력 곡선에 특이점들이 나타났으며, 이는 연소실 압력과 노즐 목 면적 변화에 기인하여 나타난 질유량 변화로 인한 것이다. 구동 속도가 빠를수록 이러한 현상이 뚜렷하게 나타났다.