• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2019

Advertising signboards are designed for the visibility to affects recall and recognition of costumers. It is well know that the visibility from images is created by the value difference among colors. The research defines whether the background color combination of outdoor signboards is configured to maximize visibility, by a series of color value variation in complex commercial facilities. The subject of study is to examine how the visibility is made by the color combination since visibility cannot be obtained independently. Two steps of analysis were performed to confirm that the color composition of signboards was based on the color value difference. The first is to analyze that the entire colors of signboards are clearly categorized as different value groups. All components of colors, hue, value and chroma had been analyzed by color aesthetic measures to prove that the value variation has the only regularity and the principle of composition. The second step is a further verification with an ample amount of samples to determine whether series of signboards create a value altering pattern. The data for analysis is gained by colorimetric survey and the color data are used for exponentializing the degree of combining, which shows selective affinity between each pair colors.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.123-144
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• 2017

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate affection on how users perceive colors viewed from an automotive visual display according to cultural and radical differences including North America, Europe, and Southeast Asia. This study especially aims to identify effects of the variation of tone and chroma of representative color groups by analyzing affection differences depending on cultural and racial differences targeting the colors constituted through variation of tone and chroma, centered on representative colors. Background: The colors of the menu, information display or background viewed through an automotive visual display are an important factor stimulating consumer's affection, and therefore an effort to express the vehicle's brand and product image through colors is made. The studies on colors focus only on the research on unique characteristics of colors, but an affective approach lacks according to cultural and racial differences on colors considering tone and chroma variation within a color from the currently used automotive visual displays. Method: To grasp the visual affection felt by users, this study extracted affective adjectives related with colors through existing literature and a dictionary for adjectives, and presented human affection dimensions on colors through evaluation of various colors. Prior to carrying out affection evaluation, the basic light sources, red (R), green (G), and blue (B) constituting the colors used for automotive visual displays were defined as a representative color group, respectively. When colors in a color group are constituted, the evaluation target of each color group consisted of the colors considering the variation of tone and chroma by changing color sense through RGB values of the remaining two light sources. And then, this study carried out affection evaluation on the constituted colors targeting the subjects with cultural and racial differences. Results: As a result of evaluating the constituted colors with representative affections, there were statistically significant differences between the groups having cultural and racial differences. As a result of S-N-K post-hoc analysis on the colors showing significant differences, North America and Europe were classified as heterogeneous groups. In some cases, Korea was classified as the homogeneous group with North America, but Korea was mainly classified as the homogenous group with Europe. Conclusion: The representative affections on colors from an automotive visual display was drawn as three affective dimensions: passionate, neat, and masculine. Based on these, the affection of Korea and Europe on the constituted colors showed significant differences from that of North America, as a result of affection evaluation on the constituted colors viewed through the visual display by reflecting cultural and racial factors. Regarding representative color groups, bigger cultural and racial differences were revealed in terms of affection on red and green colors than on blue color, and variation of affection was the biggest in the red color. Application: This study analyzed correlations of affection considering the colors constituted through variation of tone and chroma, and the culture and race in the representative color groups constituting a visual display. The results of this study are predicted to be utilized in coordination and selection of colors viewed from an automotive visual display taking into account culture and race.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.15-25
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• 2016

The color that painted on the ground of Dancheong becomes Gachil(basecoat)-Dancheong and underpainting of Moro-Dancheong or Geum-Dancheong. So, the color of underpainting is the most important element that determines impression of the building. Thus, the architecture after using "Sangrokhadan" has different characters from what it had been. In the existing perception toward the background color of Dancheong, it was considered the characters of Korean Dancheong so-called "Sangrokhadan" that paint vertical elements like columns red and upper part of the columns green. But this study examined the color of Dancheong according to the era and region before and after Goryeo Dynasty era, then it reveals that Sangrokhadan technique was applied from the 14th century in the late Goryeo Dynasty. One of the Goryeo architecture, Geungnakjeon Hall of Bongjeongsa Temple is thought to be a previous style that is not applied "Sangrokhadan" technique because old elements are painted red pigment.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 학술발표 논문집
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• pp.203-207
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• 2001

In this Paper, we propose the neural network based emotion recognition method for intelligently recognizing the human's emotion using CCD color image. To do this, we first acquire the color image from the CCD camera, and then propose the method for recognizing the expression to be represented the structural correlation of man's feature Points(eyebrows, eye, nose, mouse) It is central technology that the Process of extract, separate and recognize correct data in the image. for representation is expressed by structural corelation of human's feature Points In the Proposed method, human's emotion is divided into four emotion (surprise, anger, happiness, sadness). Had separated complexion area using color-difference of color space by method that have separated background and human's face toughly to change such as external illumination in this paper. For this, we propose an algorithm to extract four feature Points from the face image acquired by the color CCD camera and find normalization face picture and some feature vectors from those. And then we apply back-prapagation algorithm to the secondary feature vector. Finally, we show the Practical application possibility of the proposed method.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.1973-1974
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• 2006

The mean shift algorithm has achieved considerable success in object tracking due to its simplicity and robustness. It finds local maxima of a similarity measure between the color histograms of the target and candidate image. However, the mean shift tracking algorithm using only color histograms has a serious defect. It doesn't use the spatial information of the target. Thus, it is difficult to model the target more exactly. And it is likely to lose the target during the occlusions of other objects which have similar color distributions. To deal with these difficulties we use both color information and spatial information of the target. Our proposed algorithm is robust to occlusions and scale changes in front of dynamic, unstructured background. In addition, our proposed method is computationally efficient. Therefore, it can be executed in real-time.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2002년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.61-71
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• 2002

Color-code imaging should be one of the best display tools for the quick perception of both damage area and its intensity, In this study we proposed the standard color code corresponding to maximum observed acceleration value. Since the acceleration value changes with frequency contents, we suggested to limit the frequency band less than 10Hz. The background considerations of this limitation, magnitude vs. dominant frequency, natural characteristics of artificial noises and the relationship between velocity and acceleration, were reviewed in detail. The standard of color code was assigned from 0.001%g to 20%g based on the possible earthquakes at Korean peninsula and the color imaging given by RGB value was shown to be very consistent, irrespective of hardware configuration.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(4)
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• pp.69-72
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• 2002

Human face detection has many applications such as face recognition, face or facial feature tracking, pose estimation, and expression recognition. We present a new method for automatically segmentation and face detection in color images. Skin color alone is usually not sufficient to detect face, so we combine the color segmentation and shape analysis. The algorithm consists of two stages. First, skin color regions are segmented based on the chrominance component of the input image. Then regions with elliptical shape are selected as face hypotheses. They are certificated to searching for the facial features in their interior, Experimental results demonstrate successful detection over a wide variety of facial variations in scale, rotation, pose, lighting conditions.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.228-237
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 배경과 객체의 색상이 유사한 상황에서 강인한 정규 상관도(Normalized Cross Correlation) 기반 다중 시점 배경 차분 기법을 제안한다. 인위적으로 배경을 구성한 경우가 아닐 경우, 다중 시점 영상의 배경 영상에서 객체로 인해 가려지게 되는 영역들은 서로 다른 색상을 가지고 있을 확률이 높다. 그러나 객체의 등장으로 인해 이러한 영역들은 서로 유사한 색상을 가지게 된다. 이에 기반하여 본 논문은 GoNCC(Graph of Normalized Cross Correlation)을 제안한다. GoNCC는 임의 시점 영상의 한 화소와 에피폴라 제약조건 관계에 있는 인접 영상 내 화소와 해당 화소와의 정규 상관도 값의 분포를 의미한다. 제안하는 다중 시점 배경 차분 기법은 현재 영상의 GoNCC와 배경 영상의 GoNCC를 비교함으로써 이루어진다. 계산량을 줄이기 위해 다중 시점 배경 차분 기법을 모든 화소에 적용하지 않고 간단한 단일 시점 배경 차분 기법으로 판단하기 어려운 영역에 대해서만 제안 방법을 수행한다. 실험 결과 단순한 단일 시점 배경 차분 기법에 비하여 매우 우수한 성능을 보였고, 기존의 다중 시점 배경 차분 기법에 비해서도 보다 정확하게 객체 영역을 검출하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.250-257
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• 2007

Characteristics of color application indicated from Kirchsteigfeld is presented the various points of view to be preserved urban housing color. It had been handled as environmental color by view point of community and connectivity rather than color scheme of single housing. First, color to be consisted of basis for urban entirely as background color in urban housing complex has been indicated the bright and cheerful feelings and expressed to be introduced mostly from the single color system. Second, characteristics to be inhibited strongly from housing complex had been indicated by restricted four types of color, formulated the overall context and change through accent and the change from disposition of principal and the accessary of color scheme. In this case, it was not regular formulation, but as a whole category view, it could be provided by orderly regularity system strictly Particularly it had been applied as a whole for lightness change by single color, introduced the different color of building to be centered or remained by a visual point. This had been formed to introduction of color by stand points of housing group not introduction to color by sole concept of building. Third, emphasizing of morphologic feeling by using of difference of lightness, it could be indicated the mild and comfortable stereo-type sensibility from the overall types of housing, we could understand for formation of color code by lightness of slightly differences. Fourth, it had been taken the convenient adaptation method for maintenance of simple graphic system as a environmental color. It has considerable advantage for sustainability of color to indicate on finishing material, form and detail in architecture, as the sole separated color not to be complicated when to be painted over and again or managed continuously.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1249-1253
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• 2003

License plate recognition is very important in an automobile society. This is because, since plate detection accuracy has large influence on subsequent number recognition, it is very important. However, it is very difficult to do it, because a background and a body color of cars are similar to that of the license plate. In this paper, we propose a new thresholds determination method in the various background by using the real-coded genetic algorithm (RGA). By using RGA, the most likely plate colors are decided under various lighting conditions. First, the average brightness Y values of images are calculated. Next, relationship between the Y value and the most likely plate color thresholds (upper and lower bounds)are obtained by RGA. The relationship between thresholds decided from RGA and brightness average is aproximate by using the recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm. In the case of plate detection, thresholds are decided from these functions.