• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2023

우리나라 4개 지역에서 상업적으로 제조한 8개 누룩을 구입하여 Bacillus 속, Staphylococcus 속 및 유산균을 선택적으로 검출할 수 있는 배지를 이용하여 세균을 분리하고, 최근 확립된 분류기준에 따라 동정하여 세균의 그룹 별 다양성 및 우점종을 검토하였다. 모든 시료로부터 Bacillus 속이 검출되었지만, 3개 시료에서는 Staphylococcus 속 또는 유산균이 검출되지 않았다. 유산균이 가장 많이 검출된 1개 시료를 제외한 7개 시료에서 Bacillus 속이 가장 많이 계수되었고, Staphylococcus 속은 가장 적은 수로 검출되었다. Bacillus 속 6개 종의 존재가 확인되었고, B. subtilis, B. velezensis, B. licheniformis가 우점으로 검출되었다. Staphylococcus 속 9개 종의 존재가 확인되었고, coagulase 음성 S. pseudoxylosus와 S. saprophyticus의 우점을 확인했다. 유산균은 Enterococcus 속, Lactobacillus 및 근연속, Pediococcus 속, Weissella 속 10종의 존재가 확인되었고, P. pentosaceus가 우점종으로 확인되었다.

• 분석과학
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2007

용존산소(dissolved oxygen; DO) 전극에 미생물 막과 보호막을 장착하여 BOD(biochemical oxygen demand) 센서를 제작하였다. 토양과 물 그리고 활성슬러지에서 분리한 다양한 미생물들을 BOD 센서에 적용하여 그 감응특성을 조사하여 빠른 산소 호흡력과 회복력을 나타내는 미생물로 Bacillus 종인 HN24와 HN93을 선별하였다. 최종적으로 최적화한 BOD 센서는 Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus sp. HN24 그리고 Bacillus sp. HN93을 혼합한 미생물 막과 DO 전극의 기체투과막을 silicon rubber(SR) 막으로 사용한 것이며, 측정조건으로 완충용액에 50% 산소(질소와의 비율)를 주입하여 감응특성을 향상시켰다. 본 실험에서 제작된 BOD 센서는 100 mg/L BOD 농도 이상까지 우수한 직선감응성($r^2=0.9986$)을 나타냈다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 1982

Several phages of Bacillus thuringiensis distributed in Korea were isolated. The distribution and morphological characteristics of phages were studied. The results are as follows; 1. The isolated phages were highly specific for Bacillus thuringiensis var. thuringiensis. They were classified as YM series phages and designated as phage YM-1, YM-2 and YM-3 according to their morphological characteristics. 2. Most of these YM series phages were isolated from compost including domestic animal dung and soil under sewage. 3. The YM-1 phage was similar to Bacillus subtilis ${\phi}25$ in morphology. It has 94nm x 86nm head, contractile tail sheath and base plate with four cornered structure. 4. The YM-2 phage was similar to Bacillus subtilis GA-1 phage in morphology. It had 70nm x 56nm head and tail without contractile tail sheath. 5. The YM-3 phage was similar to Bacillus subtilis ${\phi}29$ phage. It had 56nm x 43nm head and tail with distal enlargement.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.236-242
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• 1986

The nucleotide sequence of the genetic control site of Bacillus subtilis gene for $(1-4)-{\beta}-D-glucan$ endoglucanase (cellulase) was determined according to the procedures of the dideoxy chain termination method(Sanger et. al., 1977). The deduced amino acid sequence of this enzyme has a hydrophobic signal peptide at the $NH_2$ terminus similar to those found in fifteen other extracellualr enzymes from Bacillus species. This is followed by a sequence resembling the Bacillus ribosome binding site 14 nucleotide before the first codon of the gene. The presumptive promoter sequence was located 92 base pairs upstream fromthe initiation codon. The homology region in signal sequences was striking when comparing all the signal sequences of sixteen extracellular enzymes from Bacillus species so far compiled.

• BMB Reports
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.332-336
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• 2000

Phenazine 1-carboxylic acid (PCA) is an antifungal antibiotic isolated from a culture filtrate of Bacillus sp. B-6 producing an acyl CoA synthetase inhibitor. This antibiotic is reported as an inhibitor of an acyl CoA synthetase from Pseudomonas sp.. Bacillus sp. B-6 was resistant to PCA up to 350 ${\mu}g/ml$. We investigated the mechanism of the resistance of Bacillus sp. B-6 to PCA. The rate of growth in a medium containing up to 100 ${\mu}g/ml$ was as rapid as the PCA-free medium. At a PCA concentration of 300 ${\mu}g/ml$, the growth rate was more than half that of the control. In this work, we purified acyl CoA synthetase from Bacillus sp. B-6 and found that this acyl CoA synthetase was much less sensitive to PCA than the acyl CoA synthetase from other source. These findings suggested that the insensitivity of Bacillus sp. B-6 acyl CoA synthetase plays an important role in the PCA resistance of this bacterium.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.34-39
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• 1998

For more convenient and rapidly isolation of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis(Bti), 1) heat treatment spore forming bacteria, 2) growth in enrichment culture media for Bacillus sp. and 3) selection of bacteria producing a lecithinase for Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis, were performed. Spore forming bacteria were counted 4.8 $\times $ 10$^{8}$cells/g soil on NAPGCY media, 9.2 $\times $ 10$^{7}$cells/g soil on NA media, and 3.6 $\times $ 10$^{8}$cells/g soil on NAAC media, respectively. Bacteria producing only a lecithinase were reached at 25.2% on medium contained egg york, bacteria only producing a delta-endotoxin were reached at 23.2% by phase contrast microscope, and bacteria producing a lecithinase & a delta-endotoxin simultaneously were reached at 13.7%. Bacillus thuringiensis which producing a lecithinase and a delta-endotoxin simultaneously among bacteria producing a lecithinase, were reached at 56.5%; A half of Bacillus thuringiensis was produced a delta-endotoxin, but not produced a lecithinase. Among 8 isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis, two strain of Bti which has a mosquito-cidal toxin, were detected by PCR using a specific primer of $\delta $-endotoxin gene from Bti.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.16-20
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• 2017

A new putative laccase gene (soncotA) which show 78% homology with that from Bacillus licheniformis (liccotA) was isolated from draft genome sequence of Bacillus sonorensis KCTC 13918. A 1,545 bp of PCR product corresponding 514 amino acids was cloned into NdeI-NotI site of pET21c and expressed as soluble form in E. coli. About 59 kDa size of recombinant laccase was purified into homogenity by Ni-NTA column and laccase activity was confirmed by zymography. The enzymatic properties of recombinant laccase were characterized. The specific activity of B. sonorensis laccase was 0.033 fold lower than that of Bacillus licheniformis laccase. The finding of new laccase gene broadened the enzymatic diversity of Bacillus species laccases.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.240-245
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to develop the new microbial bioflocculant available in a food and fer-mentation industal. This study was reported the results of the composition for optimum culture medium and elemental characteristic of crude purification bioflocculant following the previous report(I). The maximum production of the flocculant from Bacillus megaterium was observated in the culture medium containing 2% sucrose 0.3% NaNO3 0.01% tryptone 0.01% beef extract 0.05% MgSO4 ·7 H2O 0.005% CaCO3 Addition of the sucrose as carbon sources and inorganic salt such as MgSO4, CaCO3 significantly increased the production of flocculant more than nitrogen sources. In the result of color reaction of the crude purified bioflocculant it was investgated that anthrone was positive and benedict burette and nin-hydrin was negative. These result were indicated that the flocculant produced from Bacillus megaterium was a kind of exopolysaccharide.

• 환경생물
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.52-60
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• 2011

식물과 그 식물의 근권미생물과의 협력관계는 이미 오래전부터 관심을 받아왔고 지구 기후변화에 따라 식물과 그 근권미생물의 생태 및 지구환경에 대한 적응성은 막대한 지장을 받을 것으로 생각되어 왔다. 따라서 지구온난화에 따라 식물뿌리에 서식하는 근권미생물인 토양미 생물의 우점종이 어떻게 변화하는지에 대해 규명하고자 본 실험을 실시하였다. 우선 한국 식물생태계의 대표종인 소나무 (A), 잣나무 (B), 상수리나무 (C), 오리나무 (D) 를 선발하여 각각 실온인 $27^{\circ}C$와 $29^{\circ}C$(실온$+2^{\circ}C$), $31^{\circ}C$(실온$+4^{\circ}C$), $33^{\circ}C$(실온$+6^{\circ}C$)에서 1년 이상 성장시킨 후 이들의 뿌리토양을 무균적으로 채취하여 미생물 screening법과 colony counting을 통하여 각각의 군에서 우점종을 선별한 뒤 16S rRNA 분석에 의해 이들 각각의 우점종을 동정하였다. 그 결과 소나무 $27^{\circ}C$에서는 Bacillus cereus와 Enterobacter sp. CCBAU 15492, 소나무 $29^{\circ}C$에서는 Bacillus sp. 210_64와 Enterobacter sp. CCBAU 15492, 소나무 $31^{\circ}C$에서는 Bacillus sp. 210_64와 Enterobacter ludwigii, 소나무 $33^{\circ}C$에서는 Bacillus sp. 210_64와 Enterobacter sp. CCBAU 15492, Bacillus marisflavistrain DS6이 검출되었고, 잣나무 $27^{\circ}C$에서는 Bacillus cereus Q1, Pseudomonas sp. PR1-3, Arthrobacter woluwensisstrain CBU05/5295, 잣나무 $29^{\circ}C$에서는 Bacillus sp. G3, Pseudomonas sp. PR1-3, Bacillus sp. 210_24, 잣나무 $31^{\circ}C$에서는 Bacillus cereus Q1, Pseudomonas sp. PR1-3, 잣나무 $33^{\circ}C$에서는 Bacillus coagulans strain, Pseudomo-Dominant-species Change of Soil Microbes 59 nas sp. PR1-3, Chryseobacterium sp. COLI2, 상수리나무 $27^{\circ}C$에서는 Bacillus cereus strain B1, Pseudomonas putida strain W30, Arthrobacter woluwensis strain CBU05/5295, 상수리나무 $29^{\circ}C$에서는 Bacillus cereus strain CICC10185, Pseudomonas putida strain W30, 상수리나무 $31^{\circ}C$에서는 Bacillus cereus strain CG-T2, Pseudomonas sp. W15Feb9B, 상수리나무 $33^{\circ}C$에서는 Bacillus sp. CCBAU 51490, Arthrobacter woluwensis strain CBU05/5295, 오리나무 $27^{\circ}C$에서는 Bacillus sp. B18, Pseudomonas sp. PD 16, Enterobacter sp. CCBAU 15492, 오리나무 $29^{\circ}C$에서는 Rhodococcus erythropolis PR4, 오리나무 $31^{\circ}C$에서는 Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas sp. PD 16, 오리나무 $33^{\circ}C$에서는 Bacillus subtilis strain SYH15, Pseudomonas sp. PD16을 우점종으로 동정하였다. 이 중 소나무는 $33^{\circ}C$에서 Bacillus marisflavi strain DS6가 $27{\sim}31^{\circ}C$에서는 발견되지 않다가 온도가 상승함에 따라 출현한 새로운 우점종으로 나타났고 잣나무에서는 $27^{\circ}C$에서 Bacillus cereus Q1, $29^{\circ}C$에서는 Bacillus sp. G3, $31^{\circ}C$에서는 Bacillus cereus Q1 등의 Bacillus속이 주요 우점종으로 나타났으나 온도가 가장 많이 상승한 $33^{\circ}C$에서는 Chryseobacterium sp. COLI2으로 우점종이 변한 것을 확인하였다. 본 실험은 차후 더 다양한 온도에서의 토양미생물 우점종 변화에 대한 연구가 진행되어야 할 것으로 사료되며 이들 연구결과들이 연계되어 지구온난화와 미생물의 관계, 그리고 새롭게 출현한 토양미생물과 식물간의 관계를 규명하는데 도움이 되는 데이터가 도출 될 것으로 기대된다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.175-183
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• 1986

The isolate HL-15 of Bacillus thuringiensis had common biochemical characteristics of the 23 serovarieties of B. thuringiensis. The isolates formed round endotoxin crystals which killed insect larvae, showed independent serological H antigen to the 23 serotypes, and contained two defferect DNA elements with over 100 Mdaltons of molecular weights.