• 제목/요약/키워드: BM1

검색결과 1,323건 처리시간 0.023초

SHP 링혼합기를 이용한 마이크로파 직접변환 수신기 설계 (Design of Microwave Direct Conversion Receiver Using Sub-Harmonics Pumped Ring Mixer)

  • 김갑기;김한석;유홍길;이종악
    • 전기전자학회논문지
    • /
    • 제3권1호
    • /
    • pp.69-78
    • /
    • 1999
  • 본 논문에서는 우수 고조파 Anti-parallel 다이오드 링 혼합기를 이용한 직접변환 수신기를 설계하였다. 설계된 Anti-Parallel 다이오드를 사용한 SHP 혼합기는 LO 신호의 제 2 고조파를 이용한 혼합작용으로 LO신호원을 사용하는 대신에 1/2의 주파수를 갖는 저가의 LO신호원을 이용한다. 따라서, LO신호에 의한 낮은 스퓨리어스 특성과 넓은 주파수 대역에 걸쳐서 우수한 분리도 특성을 나타낸다. 또한, 링 형태의 혼합기는 고유의 LO신호에 대한 고조파 상쇄특성을 가지므로 RF 입력단을 통한 LO신호의 불요복사를 최대한으로 줄일 수 있다. 제작된 Anti-Parallel SHP 혼합기의 LO/IF, RF/IF와 LO/RF 분리도는 각각 24.6dB, 36.2dB 22.5dB로 우수한 특성을 나타내고 있다. 또한 링혼합기의 변환손실은 LO 신호전력이 5.5dBm일때, RF 입력전력 -20dBm에서, IF 출력은 -35.6dBm의 값을 얻었다. 따라서, 링혼합기의 변환손실은 약 15.6dB이고 또한, 1dB 압축점은 0dBm일 때 나타났다.

  • PDF

자동차용 AM/FM/TDMB/GPS 통합 능동형 샤크 안테나 (Active Shark Antenna for the Vehicle AM/FM/TDMB/GPS Receiver)

  • 김주만;손태호
    • 한국전자파학회논문지
    • /
    • 제21권6호
    • /
    • pp.698-705
    • /
    • 2010
  • AM, FM, TDMB, GPS 수신용 자동차 전장 안테나를 설계하고 이를 제작하였다. AM 안테나는 페라이트 턴스타일 안테나로 설계하여 전방향 특성을 갖도록 하였다. FM, TDMB 수신용으로는 헤리컬 소자를 접은 접힌 모노폴 안테나로 설계하였다. 대역 확보를 위한 GPS 수신 안테나는 공기층 사다리꼴 마이크로스트립 패치 안테나로 설계하였다. 제작된 AM 수신용 안테나의 수신 신호 세기는 -65.7 dBm으로 기존의 외장형 폴 안테나의 -63.5 dBm과 비교하면 소형이면서도 유사한 수신 성능을 나타냄으로써 외장형 폴 안테나 및 glass 안테나 대체 품으로 적용할 수 있음을 보였다. FM 및 TDMB 수신 신호 세기는 각각의 중심 주파수에서 -55.66 dBm, -43.50 dBm 측정됨으로써 기존 안테나에 비해 5~10 dB 높은 특성이 나타났다. GPS 안테나에 대한 측정은 VSWR 2 : 1 기준으로 135 MHz의 넓은 대역 특성과 4.31 dBi의 이득이 측정되어, GPS 전 대역에서 일반 세라믹 패치 안테나의 이득보다 3~5 dB 높은 이득을 얻었다.

MB-OFDM UWB 시스템에서 DAA 기술 기준 적용을 위한 피 간섭 신호 검출 방안 연구 (A Detection Algorithm Study of the Victim Signal for the DAA Regulation in MB-OFDM UWB System)

  • 신철호;최상성
    • 한국전자파학회논문지
    • /
    • 제20권12호
    • /
    • pp.1297-1307
    • /
    • 2009
  • 본 논문의 목적은 3.1~4.8 GHz 대역에서 UWB를 허용하기 위해 MB-OFDM UWB 통신을 수행하지 않는 silent time 동안 MB-OFDM UWB 시스템 수신 구조를 이용하여 국내 DAA 기술 기준에서 정한 -80 dBm/MHz 이상의 피 간섭 신호를 검출하고 피 간섭 신호의 주파수 대역을 추정하는 알고리즘을 제안하는 것이다. 국내 DAA 기술 기준에서는 UWB 기기에서 -80 dBm/MHz 이상의 피 간섭 신호를 검출할 경우, 2초 이내에 회피 동작을 수행하도록 정의하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 UWB 통신 채널 변경을 통한 간섭 회피 동작을 수행하기 위해 -80 dBm/MHz 이상의 피 간섭 신호를 시간 영역 수신 신호 정보를 이용하여 검출하는 피 간섭 신호 검출 알고리즘과 UWB 통신 대역을 유지하면서 피 간섭 신호가 존재하는 대역에서만 송신 출력을 -70 dBm/MHz 이하로 낮추는 tone-nulling 회피 동작을 수행하기 위해 주파수 영역 정보를 이용하여 피 간섭 신호의 subcarrier 위치를 추적하는 알고리즘을 제시하고, 시뮬레이션을 통해 성능을 검증하였다.

Gelatinase, a Possible Etiologic Factor of Photoaging, is Present in Healthy Human Facial Skin and is Inhibited by Turmeric Extract

  • Takada, Keiko;Amano, Satoshi;Matsunaga, Yukiko;Kohno, Yoshiyuki;Inomata, Shinji
    • 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book I
    • /
    • pp.387-412
    • /
    • 2003
  • Influence of gelatinase on basement membrane (BM) structure was investigated by using a skin equivalent (SE) model. The results showed that (1) gelatinase produced by cells degraded the BM and (2) the addition of matrix metalloproteinase-specific inhibitor to the SE medium accelerated the formation of BM structure, indicating that gelatinase is involved in BM impairment. The activity of gelatinase was also studied in healthy human facial skin tissues. The result of in situ zymography revealed gelatinase activity around the basal layer of the epidermis, where BM integrity was severely compromised. Therefore, this enzyme was suggested to be associated with BM decomposition in human facial skin. To assess the behavior of gelatinase in stratum corneum (SC) non-invasively, an immunological study was performed. Since positive immunostaining of pro-gelatinase B was observed in SC stripped from sun-exposed skin, whereas no positive staining detected in SC of non-irradiated skin, gelatinase in the epidermis could be non-invasively detected by measuring gelatinase in SC. Gelatinase in SC of healthy female volunteers was monitored using a special film that sensitively and conveniently detects gelatinase. Ninetr percent of SC from facial skin (l00 women, 40's-50's) was gelatinase-positive. On the other hand, SC from non-irradiated skin was negative. These results strongly suggest that (1) gelatinase is constantly produced in the facial epidermis of most middle-aged woman during their daily life, and (2) the enzyme might be involved in the aging-related degeneration of both BM and the matrix fibers of the upper layer of the dermis, acting as a very important aging factor. Strong inhibitory activity against gelatinase was found in turmeric extract and identified curcumin as the major ingredient. Topical application of cream containing turmeric extract significantly decreased the number of gelatinase-positive SC clusters in human facial skins. These results indicated that turmeric is an effective ingredient to prevent skin from photo aging by suppressing chlonically upregulated gelatinase activity by UV and to improve skin condition.

  • PDF

AM/FM/TDMB/GPS 수신용 전장 안테나 제작 (Implementation of the Vehicle Antenna for the AM/FM/TDMB/GPS Receiver)

  • 김주만;손태호
    • 한국ITS학회 논문지
    • /
    • 제8권5호
    • /
    • pp.105-113
    • /
    • 2009
  • 본 논문에서는 AM, FM, TDMB, GPS 수신용 전장 안테나를 설계하고 이를 제작하였다. 소형의 샤크 안테나에 탑재하기 위한 AM 안테나는 페라이트 턴 스타일 안테나로 설계하였다. FM, TDMB 수신용으로는 헤리컬 소자를 접은 접힌 모노폴 안테나로 설계하였다. 대역확보 및 이득향상을 위한 GPS 수신 안테나는 프랙털 구조의 공기층 사다리꼴 마이크로스트립 패치 안테나로 설계하였다. 제작된 AM 수신용 안테나의 수신신호 세기는 -65.7dBm 으로 기존의 외장형 폴 안테나의 -63.5dBm 과 비교하면 소형이면서도 유사한 수신 성능을 나타냄으로써 외장형 폴 안테나 및 glass 안테나 대체품으로 적용할 수 있음을 보였다. FM 및 TDMB 수신신호 세기는 각각의 중심 주파수에서 -55.66dBm, -43.50dBm 측정됨으로써 기존 안테나에 비해 5~10dB 높은 특성이 나타났다. GPS 안테나에 대한 측정은 VSWR 2 : 1 기준으로 135 MHz의 넓은 대역특성과 4.31dBi의 이득이 측정되어, GPS 전 대역에서 일반 세라믹 패치안테나의 이득보다 3~5dB 높은 이득을 얻었다.

  • PDF

Digestibility of amino acids in fish meal and blood-derived protein sources fed to pigs

  • Park, Chan Sol;Adeola, Olayiwola
    • Animal Bioscience
    • /
    • 제35권9호
    • /
    • pp.1418-1425
    • /
    • 2022
  • Objective: An experiment was conducted to determine the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) in fish meal (FM) and blood-derived protein sources including spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP), porcine red blood cells (PRBC), and blood meal (BM) fed to growing pigs. Methods: Ten barrows (mean initial body weight of 22.1±1.54 kg) surgically fitted with T-cannulas at the distal ileum were allotted to a duplicated 5×4 incomplete Latin square design with 5 experimental diets and 4 periods. Four experimental diets were prepared to contain FM, SDPP, PRBC, or BM as the sole source of nitrogen. A nitrogen-free diet was prepared and included to estimate the basal ileal endogenous losses of AA. For the 7-day experimental period, pigs were fed for 5 days as adaptation, and ileal digesta samples were collected for 9 hours on days 6 and 7. Results: The SID of crude protein in BM (48.0%) was less (p<0.05) than in FM, SDPP, and PRBC (83.4%, 83.9%, and 87.3%, respectively). Pigs fed the diet containing BM had less (p<0.05) SID of AA, except isoleucine and proline, than those fed the diet containing FM, SDPP, or PRBC. Among FM, SDPP, and PRBC, there was no difference in the SID of crude protein and all AA, except isoleucine. The SID of isoleucine in PRBC and BM (62.7% and 48.3%, respectively) was less (p<0.05) than in FM and SDPP (88.0% and 84.9%, respectively). The SID of lysine in FM, SDPP, PRBC, and BM was 85.4%, 84.9%, 89.7%, and 51.9%, respectively. Conclusion: The SID of most AA was not different among FM, SDPP, and PRBC, but BM had lower SID of most AA than FM, SDPP, and PRBC.

hPDX1 유전자의 삽입에 의한 직접 췌도세포 분화 (Transdifferentiation of α-1,3-Galactosyltransferase Knock Out (GalT KO) Pig Derived Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (BM-MSCs) into Pancreatic Cells by Transfection of hPDX1)

  • 옥선아;오건봉;황성수;김영임;권대진;임기순
    • 한국수정란이식학회지
    • /
    • 제30권3호
    • /
    • pp.249-255
    • /
    • 2015
  • Diabetes mellitus, the most common metabolic disorder, is divided into two types: type 1 and type 2. The essential treatment of type 1 diabetes, caused by immune-mediated destruction of ${\beta}-cells$, is transplantation of the pancreas; however, this treatment is limited by issues such as the lack of donors for islet transplantation and immune rejection. As an alternative approach, stem cell therapy has been used as a new tool. The present study revealed that bone marrowderived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) could be transdifferentiated into pancreatic cells by the insertion of a key gene for embryonic development of the pancreas, the pancreatic and duodenal homeobox factor 1 (PDX1). To avoid immune rejection associated with xenotransplantation and to develop a new cell-based treatment, BM-MSCs from ${\alpha}$-1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout (GalT KO) pigs were used as the source of the cells. Transfection of the EGFP-hPDX1 gene into GalT KO pig-derived BM-MSCs was performed by electroporation. Cells were evaluated for hPDX1 expression by immunofluorescence and RT-PCR. Transdifferentiation into pancreatic cells was confirmed by morphological transformation, immunofluorescence, and endogenous pPDX1 gene expression. At 3~4 weeks after transduction, cell morphology changed from spindle-like shape to round shape, similar to that observed in cuboidal epithelium expressing EGFP. Results of RT-PCR confirmed the expression of both exogenous hPDX1 and endogenous pPDX1. Therefore, GalT KO pig-derived BM-MSCs transdifferentiated into pancreatic cells by transfection of hPDX1. The present results are indicative of the therapeutic potential of PDX1-expressing GalT KO pig-derived BM-MSCs in ${\beta}-cell$ replacement. This potential needs to be explored further by using in vivo studies to confirm these findings.

Multi-Harmonic Matching Network을 이용한 동시-이중 대역 Class-E 전력 증폭기 (Concurrent Dual-Band Class-E Power Amplifier Using a Multi-Harmonic Matching Network)

  • 박승원;전상근
    • 한국전자파학회논문지
    • /
    • 제25권4호
    • /
    • pp.401-410
    • /
    • 2014
  • 본 논문에서는 1.3 GHz와 2.1 GHz에서 소형화된 multi-harmonic matching network(MHMN)을 사용한 고효율 동시-이중대역 Class-E 전력 증폭기를 제안한다. 제안하는 구조는 스위치 혹은 집중 소자를 사용하지 않고, transmission line만을 이용하여 1.3 GHz과 2.1 GHz 그리고 각각의 2차 및 3차 고조파의 임피던스를 조절하였다. 능동 소자로는 Avago ATF-50189 GaAs p-HEMT가 사용되었다. 제작된 전력증폭기는 입력 전력이 21 dBm일 때 1.3 GHz와 2.1 GHz에서 각각 27.1 dBm, 25.7 dBm의 출력과, 6.1 dB, 4.7 dB의 전력 이득, 그리고 71.2 %, 60.1 %의 드레인 효율 특성을 나타내었다.

A Performance Consideration on Conversion Loss in the Integrated Single Balanced Diode Mixer

  • Han, Sok-Kyun;Kim, Kab-Ki
    • Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
    • /
    • 제1권3호
    • /
    • pp.139-142
    • /
    • 2003
  • In this paper, we consider the factors that affect a conversion loss performance in designing a single balanced diode mixer integrated with IRF(Image Reject Filter), based on the embedded electrical wavelength placed between the IRF and mixer, diode matching and LO drive amplifier. To evaluate the conversion loss performance, we suggest two types of a single balanced mixer using 90 degree branch line coupler, microstrip line and schottky diode. One is only mixer and the other is integrated with IRF and LO drive amplifier. The measured results of a single balance diode mixer integrated IRF show the conversion loss of 8.5 dB and the flatness of 1 dB p-p from 21.2 GHz to 22.6 GHz with 10 dBm LO. The measured input PI dB and IIP3 are 7 dBm and 15 dBm respectively under the nominal LO power level of 10dBm. The LO/RF and LO/IF isolation are 22 dB and 50 dB, respectively.

Development of Resistance to Bombyx mori Densonucleosis Virus into a Susceptible Silkworm Breed

  • Singh, G.P.;Xu, Mengkui;Chen, Yuyin;Datta, R.K.
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
    • /
    • 제6권2호
    • /
    • pp.145-149
    • /
    • 2003
  • Seeing inadequate disinfection and unhygenic condition in rearing area, use of disease resistant silkworm variety is the best option. In order to this, an attempt has been made to develop the resistance to Bombyx mori densonucleosis virus (BmDNV-2) into a susceptible silkworm breed Zhenon1 by cross breeding with a resistant silkworm breed SU12 and exposing the subsequent generations to BmDNV-2 followed by the selection of individuals from the surviving batches. After seven generation the evolved DNV-2 resistant strain showed the significantly higher resistance to BmDNV-2 than control Zhenon1. The economic characters of both of the breeds were almost on par.