• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.131-135
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• 2007

Open reading frame 4 of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV), designated as Bm4, is a gene whose function is completely unknown. With the recently developed BmNPV bacmid and a modified pFastBac1 whose polyhedrin promoter was replaced with ie1 promoter, a recombinant bacmid expressing Bm4-EGFP fusion protein under the control of ie1 promoter in BmN cells was successfully constructed. The result not only showed that the polyhedrin promoter can be replaced efficiently with other promoters to direct the expression of foreign gene in BmN cells by using Bac-to-Bac/BmNPV baculovirus expression system but also laid the foundation for rescue experiment of Bm4 deletion mutant due to the ability of ie1 promoter to direct gene expression throughout the infection cycle.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.153-156
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• 2006

The acute toxicity of STB-HO-BM was evaluated in Sprague Dawley (SS) rats and beagle dogs. STB-HO-BM was administered orally to rats at dose levels of 0 and 2,000mg/kg/day and to dogs at dose levels of 0, 500, 1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg/day. In these experiments, there were no death and clinical changes which were related to STB-HO-BM administration. In addition, there were no significant changes between control and treated groups in body weights and autopsy findings. In conclusion, the administration of STB-HO-BM 2,000 mg/kg in SD rats and up to 2,000mg/kg in beagle dogs was proved to be safe, and it is thought that STB-HO-BM may not show any toxicity in its clinical use.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.135-144
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• 2006

This study was performed to evaluate repeated-dose toxicities of STB-HO-BM in Sprague-Dawley rats. STB-HO-BM was administered orally to rats at dose levels of 0, 100, 300 and 1,000 mg/kg/day for 13 weeks. In recent study, there were no dose related changes in mortality, clinical signs, body weight changes, food and water consumption, opthalmoscopy, organ weights, urine analysis, hematological findings, and biochemical examination of all animals treated with STB-HO-BM. Gross and histopathological findings revealed no evidence of specific toxicity related to STB-HO-BM. These results suggest that the oral no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of STB-HO-BM may be over 1,000 mg/kg in rats.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.583-590
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• 2020

Deinococcus actinosclerus BM2^T (GenBank: KT448814) is a radio-resistant bacterium that is newly isolated from the soil of a rocky hillside in Seoul. As an extremophile, D. actinosclerus BM2^T may possess anti-inflammatory properties that may be beneficial to human health. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of BM2U, an aqueous extract of D. actinosclerus BM2^T, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 macrophage cells. BM2U showed antioxidant capacity, as determined by the DPPH radical scavenging (IC₅₀ = 349.3 ㎍/ml) and ORAC (IC₅₀ = 50.24 ㎍/ml) assays. At 20 ㎍/ml, BM2U induced a significant increase in heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression (p < 0.05). BM2U treatment (0.2-20 ㎍/ml) significantly suppressed LPS-induced increase in the mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 (p < 0.05). BM2U treatment also suppressed the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which are involved in the production of inflammatory mediators. BM2U treatment also inhibited the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs): JNK, ERK, and p-38 (p < 0.05). Collectively, BM2U exhibited anti-inflammatory potential that can be exploited in attenuating inflammatory responses.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Sericultural Science Conference
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• 1997.06a
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• pp.73-101
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• 1997

Baculoviruses are characterized by large double-stranded circular DNA genomes and rod-shaped enveloped virions. Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus(BmNPV) is a major pathogen, which causes severe damage in sericulture. Currently, BmNPV is recogtnized as an improtant tool in molecular biology, especially for expression of useful genes in B.mori cells and silkworm larvae. Our laboratories have focused on the studies of the molecular mechanisms of BmNPV replication and the application of BmNPV to agriculture and medicine. The entire nucleotide sequence of the BmNPV genome has recently determined. The BmNPV genome possessed 135 putative genes and 7 homologous repeated sequence (hrs) regions. Relatively little space, a few to a few hundred base-pairs, was observed between the open reading frames and hrs. Termination codons often overlapped. These results showed a compactly packde BmNPV genome. Based on comparative sequence analyses, we speculated that the ancestor of BmNPV was a baculovirus similar to Autographa californica NPV(AcNPV). The function of the BmNPV genes were characterized by gene deletion analysis; p35 was found to be involved in blocking apoptosis and cysteine proteinase was found to be involved in horizontal virus transmission by degrading viral-infected larval host. By AcNPV and BmNPV coinfection experiments, we identified a BmNPV gene involved in expanding host specificity of AcNPV. The identified gene was likely encoded a DNA helicase based on the amino acid sequence analysis; a few amino acid substitutions in the putative DNA helicase gene resulted in the expansion of host range of AcNPV. These findings indicate that BmNPV evolved within a short period from an AcNPV-like ancestral virus due to rapid evolution including specific amino acid substitutions and gene deletions/insertions.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.166-175
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• 2024

In this paper, the Window-Masking Method and HAT (Hardware Attached Top) CPU SoM (System on Module) are used to improve the performance and reduce the weight of the MANET (Mobile Ad-hoc Network) network synchronization system using time division redundancy. We propose converting it into a RISC-V based soft-core MCU and mounting it on an FPGA, a hardware accelerator. It was also verified through experiment. In terms of performance, by applying the proposed technique, the synchronization acquisition range is from -50dBm to +10dBm to -60dBm to +10dBm, the lowest input level for synchronization is increased by 20% from -50dBm to -60dBm, and the detection delay (Latency) is 220ns. Reduced by 43% to 125ns. In terms of weight reduction, computing resources (48%), size (33%), and weight (27%) were reduced by an average of 36% by replacing with soft-core MCU.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.585-591
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• 2001

To compare the p10 promoter activity of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV)K1 and K4, recombinant viruses Bm101-LacZ and Bm104-LacZ with a lacZ gene under the control of each p10 promoter were constructed. The $\beta$-galactosidase activity due to Bm101-LacZ was about 5.5- and 1.1-fold higher than that due to Bm104-LacZ and BmK1-LacZ, respectively. expressing ${\beta}$-galactosidase under the control of a polyhedrin promoter. The recombinant virus BmK1-104LacZ with the same genome structure as Bm101-LacZ, except for a p10 promoter region, produced a similar ${\beta}$-galactosidase activity to that due to Bm104-LacZ and 5.5-fold lower than that due to Bm101-LacZ. The virus yield, expression level of polyhedrin, and polyhedra productivity for each recombinant virus was almost similar. These results suggested that the difference in the expression level of ${\beta}$-galactosidase resulted from a difference in the p10 promoter regions, and that an expression vector using the p10 promoter of BmNPV-K1 could be usefully exploited in the mass production of foreign proteins with silkworm larvae by means of oral ingestion.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2004

Bombyx mori densonucleosis virus type 1 (BmDNV1)- a non occluded virus causes flacherie disease in the susceptible stocks of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. However, some stocks are non-susceptible. Non-susceptibility to BmDNV1 in B. mori is a unique case where the virus infection is completely inhibited by a single gene of the host. A survey conducted by this institute in some parts of Karnataka state has revealed that, 43.05% of the total incidence of flacherie disease caused by non-occluded viruses, are due to the synergistic infection of B. mori densonucleosis and infectious flacherie virus. Earlier study indicated that rearing of BmDNV1 resistant silkworm stock is effective in protecting silkworm against BmIFV also. In the present study the response of 78 silkworm stocks which include 42 of non-diapausing and 36 of diapausing groups, to BmDNV1 is investigated. Newly ecdysed third instar larvae were inoculated per-os with 10% inoculum of BmDNV1 extracted from the mid-gut of infected silkworm. One non-diapausing and three diapausing silkworm stocks were found to be resistant to BmDNV1. Eleven silkworm stocks were found to possess moderate resistance whereas rest sixty three were found to be susceptible to BmDNV1. Genetic analysis has shown that the resistance to BmDNV1 is autosomally inherited and controlled by a major dominant or a major recessive gene in different silkworm stocks. These resistant stocks can be utilized as the resource material to develop BmDNV1 resistant commercial hybrids. The selection strategies, depending upon the mode of inheritance of resistance in the resource material chosen, are discussed.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.20-25
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• 1992

The location of the polyhedrin gene of Bmbyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus(BmNPV) was determined by using a cloned polyhedrin gene from the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus(AcNPV) as a hybridization probe. The 7.4 Kb PstⅠ fragment DNA of Bm-NPV was cloned to plasmid pUC19 vector. A fragment containing this gene was mapped and sequenced in its entire polyhedrin reading frame. Nucleotide sequences comparison of the polyhedrin of the BmNPV to that of previously reported by Ⅰatrou(1985) revealed that the sequence varied in 10 base, Comparison of the amino acid sequence of the two structured gene revealed that coding sequence varied 74 valine to isoleucine, 76 aspargine to serine and 155 methionine to valine.

• Digital Contents
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• no.8 s.87
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• pp.30-37
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• 2000

새로운 천년의 시작과 함께 휘몰아친 비즈니스 방법특허(BM특허)열풍은 이제 다소 잠잠해지는 분위기다. 여타 분야의 특허에 비하여 특허가 사업에 미치는 영향이 클 것이라는 전제 하에 많은 인터넷 비즈니스 업체들이 너나 할 것 없이 BM특허 열병을 앓았다고 할 수 있다. 그러나 BM 특허로 인한 열병은 이제 잠복기로 접어들었을 뿐, 더욱더 그 위세를 떨칠 것으로 보인다. 한편 BM특허 열병을 앓고 있는 동안 비즈니스 방법을 특허로 보호하지 말아야 한다는 설득력 있는 주장들이 이 열병에 대한 치유책으로서 인기를 얻고 있는 것도 사실이다.