• 한국안전학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.76-85
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• 2018

The interest in the Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology has risen remarkably due to the effects on construction work period reduction, cost reduction, work safety improvement, and other factors. In civil engineering field, BIM applications mainly focus on data modeling and virtual construction. In this study, we present the BIM-based virtual construction and analyze the effects of BIM for the railway facilities so that the conventional approach to the equipment operation plan can be improved in order to prevent safety accidents which can result from unclear information during the operation plan. The BIM-based virtual construction technology is applied to establish the construction plan for the site with constraints, the installation of steel girder needs to be completed, avoiding interference with the existing high-speed railway operation within a given limited time. A virtual construction model consisting of topography, structures, equipments, and avatar was built and more detailed model, including safety guard rails, was then created. Specifications of the construction equipment were input as a database, and the virtual construction model was manipulated in the equipment operation planning. Through the BIM-based virtual construction, including the verification of alternative construction method, 311 million won was saved and the construction period was shortened by 87 days compared to the original plan. In addition, it was shown that the interest and participation of the construction workers can be increased by providing the 3D virtual scene for real construction work and various safety hazards occurring during equipment operation can be effectively removed in advance by the interactive worker education.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.167-174
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• 1995

A hazard analysis which included watching operations, measuring temperatures of foods throughout preparation and display, and sampling and testing for microorganisms of total plate counts and coliform bacteria was conducted in various phases of product flow of Naeng-myeun (Cold noodles) and Pi-bim bab (mixed rice) prepared at Korean restaurants. Large numbers of total plate counts were counted from the cooked foods after handling and holding. Ingestion of these foods must be considered high risk. Critical control points identified were, pre-preparation, food handling after cooking, and holding on display in product flow of Nang-Meon and pre-preparation, preparation, and holding on display in product flow of Pi-bim bab. It need for effective quality control of Nang-Meon and Pi-bim bab that training program consist of surveillance, education of the staff, standard operation procedures, forbidding dangerous processes and control of critical points.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.405-418
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• 2018

Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Discrete Event Simulation (DES) are tools widely used in the context of the construction industry. While BIM is used to represent the physical and functional characteristics of a facility, DES models are used to represent its construction process. Integrating both is beneficial to those interested in the field of construction management since it has many potential applications. Game engines provide a human navigable 3D virtual environment in which the integrated BIM and DES models can be visualised and interacted with. This paper reports the experience obtained while developing a simulator prototype which integrates a BIM and a DES model of a single construction activity within a commercial game engine. The simulator prototype allows the user to visualise how the duration of the construction activity is affected by different input parameters interactively. It provides an environment to conduct DES studies using the user's own BIM models. This approach could increase the use of DES technologies in the context of construction management and engineering outside the research community. The presented work is the first step towards the development of a serious game for construction management education and was carried out to determine the suitable IT tools for its development.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.120-131
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• 2012

오늘날의 기업들은 무한 경쟁과 불확실한 경영환경 속에 있으며, 이로 인해 실무자들은 다양한 직무요구들과 스트레스에 노출되어 있다. 특히 설계사무소 직원들은 타 산업현장과 달리 작업에 대한 강도가 커서 육체적으로 힘들고, 타 산업의 주 5일제 근무와 달리 공정이 상호 관련되어 있기 때문에 정기적인 공휴일과 휴가가 보장되기 어렵다. 또한 최근 건설 산업에서는 BIM이 도입되면서 업무환경 및 범위 그리고 역할 등과 같은 개인적 역할뿐만 아니라 조직차원에서의 다양한 변화가 요구되기 때문에 이로 인한 직무스트레스의 범주 및 요인 또한 변하고 있는 상황이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 BIM을 도입 한 이후 설계사무소 실무자들의 직무스트레스 수준 및 유발요인을 확인하여 경력, 직급, 성별, BIM 교육 및 BIM 템플릿 유/무 등과 같은 특성에 따른 직무스트레스를 파악하였다. 이는 추후 활용도가 높을 것으로 예상되는 BIM기반 프로젝트의 주 참여자인 설계사무소의 업무환경을 구축하는데 의의가 있다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.93-103
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• 2014

공간정보로서의 지적정보와 건물정보의 연계에 관하여 선행 연구자료를 살펴보면 지적도와 건축물대장과의 연계나 토지와 2D기반 건물도면의 통합에 관한 연구가 제시된 바 있다. 지적정보는 지적재조사, 지적확정측량 등의 사업으로 인하여 그 정보로서의 가치가 높아지고 있다. 건물에 관한 정보는 설계분야에서 2D에서 단순한 외형적 3D 데이터가 아닌 BIM으로 전환되는 시기를 맞아 공공 및 민간분야에서 확산되고 있는 추세이다. 그러나 이러한 흐름에 맞는 지적정보와 건물정보의 연계에 대한 연구가 미약한 실정이다. 국제 BIM표준에 관한 동향을 살펴보면 IFC4에서 개선된 기능 중에 하나는 GIS와의 상호운용이 가능해졌다는 점이다. 이러한 측면에서, 지적정보와 건물정보의 연계를 위해 각각의 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다. 지적정보는 데이터의 품질제고가 필요한데 다원화된 좌표계를 통일화, 개별지적도를 연속지적도화하도록 우선적으로 개선을 추진할 필요가 있다. 건물정보는 국내 공공 및 민간분야에서 BIM의 표준화가 시급한데 국제표준인 IFC4로의 빠른 도입과 앞으로 개발될 예정이 IFC5까지 고려해야 할 것으로 보이고, BIM화 되어있지 않은 기존의 건축물에 대하여 BIM 역설계가 공공의 활용면에서 필요할 것이다.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.1-24
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• 2018

In the last decade, the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) as a new technology has been applied with traditional Computer-aided design implementations in an increasing number of architecture, engineering, and construction projects and applications. Its employment alongside construction management, can be a valuable tool in helping move these activities and projects forward in a more efficient and time-effective manner. The traditional stakeholders, i.e., Owner, A/E and the Contractor are involved in this BIM system that is used in almost every activity of construction projects, such as design, cost estimate and scheduling. This article extracts major features of the application of BIM from perspective of participating BIM components, along with the different phrases, and applies to them a logistic analysis using a fuzzy performance tree, quantifying these phrases to judge the effectiveness of the BIM techniques employed. That is to say, these fuzzy performance trees with fuzzy logic concepts can properly translate the linguistic rating into numeric expressions, and are thus employed in evaluating the influence of BIM applications as a mathematical process. The rotational fuzzy models are used to represent the membership functions of the performance values and their corresponding weights. Illustrations of the use of this fuzzy BIM performance tree are presented in the study for the uninitiated users. The results of these processes are an evaluation of BIM project performance as highly positive. The quantification of the performance ratings for the individual factors is a significant contributor to this assessment, capable of parsing vernacular language into numerical data for a more accurate and precise use in performance analysis. It is hoped that fuzzy performance trees and fuzzy set analysis can be used as a tool for the quality and risk analysis for other construction techniques in the future. Baldwin's rotational models are used to represent the membership functions of the fuzzy sets. Three scenarios are presented using fuzzy MEAN, AND and OR gates from the lowest to intermediate levels of the tree, and fuzzy SUM gate to relate the intermediate level to the top component of the tree, i.e., BIM application final performance. The use of fuzzy MEAN for lower levels and fuzzy SUM gates to reach the top level suggests the most realistic and accurate results. The methodology (fuzzy performance tree) described in this paper is appropriate to implement in today's construction industry when limited objective data is presented and it is heavily relied on experts' subjective judgment.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2018

최근 건설 분야에서 BIM 설계 기술이 의무 적용됨에 따라 실무 현장이나 대학의 건축설계 교육은 3D 모델링 중심으로 크게 변화하고 있다. 그러나 건설 분야 특성화 고등학교에서의 건축설계 교육은 수제도와 2D CAD 중심으로 구성되어 그 변화에 적절하게 대응하지 못하고 있다. 학생들에게는 새로운 건축 설계 흐름에 부합하는 3D 모델링 설계능력을 필수적으로 갖추어야 함에도 불구하고 이를 충족할 수 있는 3D 주택설계 수업자료가 매우 부족한 실정이다. 이 연구는 특성화 고등학교 전문제도 과목을 위한 BIM 기반의 3D 주택설계 수업 자료를 개발하고, 특성화고 학생들에게 적용하여 학생들의 흥미도와 주택설계 과제수행능력이 얼마나 향상되는지를 분석하기 위한 연구이다. 이 연구에 사용되는 3D 주택설계 수업자료는 PDIE 모형 절차에 따라 준비, 개발, 실행, 평가의 4단계를 거쳐 개발하였으며, 가설 검증을 위한 실험설계 모형은 이질통제집단 전후검사설계를 사용하였다. 실험설계 모형에 따라 실험 집단에는 BIM 기반의 3D 주택설계 수업자료를 적용하여 수업을 실시하였으며, 통제 집단에는 2D CAD 기반의 일반적인 주택설계 수업자료로 수업을 실시하였다. 실험 처치는 건설 분야 특성화 고등학교 학생들을 대상으로 실시하였고, 총 12차시의 전문제도 교과 수업에 적용하였다. 실험 처치의 전과 후에는 각각 흥미도와 주택설계 과제수행능력에 대한 검사를 실시하였으며, 검사결과를 바탕으로 독립표본 t-검정을 통해 3D 주택설계 수업자료에 대한 효과를 분석하였다. 이 연구에서 개발된 BIM 기반의 3D 주택설계 수업자료는 학생들의 수업 흥미도를 향상시키는데 효과적이었으며, 기존 2D 기반의 주택설계 수업보다 과제수행능력을 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2016

The previous studies argue that using the semantic properties of BIM objects is efficient for simulating the behaviors of autonomous, computer agents, called virtual-users, but such assumption is not proven via evidence-based research approaches. Hence, this present study aims to investigate the empirical effects of a human behavior simulation model equipped the semantics of spaces on the architecture-major students' operation and understanding of the simulation system, compared to a typical path-finding model. To achieve the aim, this study analyzed the survey and interview data, collected in the authentic design projects. The analysis indicates that (1) using a simulation model equipped the semantics of spaces helps the students' operation of the simulation, and (2) it also aids understanding the relationship between the variables of spaces and virtual-users (${\alpha}=0.74$). In addition, the qualitative data inform that the advantages of the simulation model that computes the semantics of spaces stem in the automatic behavioral changes of massive numbers of virtual-users, and efficient detection and activation on the what-if situations. The analysis also reveals that the simulation model has shortcomings in orchestrating the complex data structure between the semantics properties of spaces and virtual-users under multi-sequential scenarios. The results of this study contribute to develop a future design system combining BIM with human behavior simulation.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 3th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.781-787
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• 2009

Training and process analysis in the construction industry has not taken full advantage of new technologies such as building information modeling(BIM). The purpose of this research is to develop a framework for the virtual interactive construction education system using three dimensional technologies. The modules will simulate the construction process for a facility from start to finish using information drawn from real projects in the built environment. These modules can be used as training tools for new employees where they attempt to optimize time and cost in a virtual environment given a limited number of equipment, time and employee options. They can also be used as a process analysis tool for new construction where a number of situational variables can change leading to exposure of potential risk. These modules would be particularly useful for repetitive construction where the initial project is analyzed for optimization and risk mitigation. This paper describes the framework and shows a residential construction example using a 900 square foot wood frame single family house designed for the United States.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2023

In architectural design studios, students' needs are evaluated from a diverse and objective point of view. And the evaluation process and results are to use a design evaluation method that everyone can recognize. Therefore, in this study, we propose Crowdsourcing, in which a large number of participants participate in the evaluation to solve fundamental problems. However, the field of architecture is an area in which expertise such as evacuation, firefighting, rescue, and regulations is essential. Therefore, we expanded the concept by participation of a large number of architects, not the general public. And It presented a new word, Prowdsourcing. Prowdsourcing is a group of architects working on-line as an evaluator. It is a method that can have objectivity and expertise of evaluation at the same time. Therefore, prowdsourcing will provide students with a variety of objective assessments, which will be a recognized design evaluation method by everyone.