• 제목/요약/키워드: BFT

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Bath Fractal 변환에 의한 영상압축 기법의 성능 분석 (Performance Analysis of Bath Fractal Image Compression)

  • 강현철;문영식
    • 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국방송공학회 1996년도 학술대회
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    • pp.187-190
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    • 1996
  • 본 논문은 고속의 프랙탈 영상압축 기법으로 알려져 있는 Bath 프랙탈 영상 압축 기법의 성능을 여러 가지 측면에서 분석한다. Bath 프랙탈 영상 압축 기법은 영상의 빠른 복호화가 가능하므로 미래의 다양한 형태로 요구되는 정보서비스, VOD(Video On Demand), CD-ROM 등과 같이 저장되어 있는 영상 정보의 빠른 복원이 요구되는 곳에 적합한 부호화 기술이므로 그 성능에 대한 분석이 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 Bath 프랙탈 압축 기법의 양자화 방법에 따른 성능 분석, 프랙탈 계수 값의 분포에 따른 성능 평가, 사용된 어핀 맵핑식에 따른 성능 비교, 영상내의 에지 빈도수에 따른 성능 변화, 쿼드트리 구조의 작은 블록들에 대한 BFT의 성능 평가 등을 고찰한다.

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한우보증씨수소 선발지수 개선에 관한 연구 (Research on the Reformation of the Selection Index for Hanwoo Proven Bull)

  • 김효선;황정미;최태정;박병호;조광현;박철진;김시동
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제52권2호
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    • pp.83-90
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    • 2010
  • 본 연구를 통하여 도체성적에 대한 경제적 가치를 산출하고 이를 토대로 새로운 한우 보증씨수소 선발지수를 제안하였다. 선발지수는 경제적으로 중요한 형질에 필요한 만큼의 가중치를 주어 개체를 효과적으로 선발하는 데 도움을 주는 강력한 도구로써 농장에서 일어나는 수입과 지출을 고려하여 선발지수를 산출할 수 있다. 최근에는 이러한 선발지수를 농장에서 자기 농장에 알맞게 개발할 수있도록 인터넷을 통하여 서비스를 제공하고 있다 (Lazenby 등. 1998). 그러나 우리나라는 조수입의 산출은 가능하지만 경비를 정확히 산출할 수 있는 농가가 드물기 때문에 아직 농가차원에서 적절한 선발지수를 만들어 사용하는 것은 어려운 것으로 보인다. 또한 이러한 이유로 인하여 한우 보증씨수소를 선발함에 있어 비용부분을 고려하지 못하고 조수익에 의존하여 지수를 만들 수밖에 없는 문제를 안고 있다. 아울러 선발에서 고려할 수 있는 갈비생산량, 등심생산량, 안심생산량, 정육율 등 도체에서 얻을 수 있는 다양한 형질의 개발과 측정이 필요하고, 암소선발을 위해서는 농가의 번식기록을 통해 얻을 수 있는 번식형질에 대한 조사가 이루어져야 미국과 같이 다양한 선발지수를 개발하고 활용 (Greiner, 2006)하여 다양화로 나가는 소비시장에 적절히 대응해 나갈 수 있을 것이다.

Effect of errors in pedigree on the accuracy of estimated breeding value for carcass traits in Korean Hanwoo cattle

  • Nwogwugwu, Chiemela Peter;Kim, Yeongkuk;Chung, Yun Ji;Jang, Sung Bong;Roh, Seung Hee;Kim, Sidong;Lee, Jun Heon;Choi, Tae Jeong;Lee, Seung-Hwan
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제33권7호
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    • pp.1057-1067
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    • 2020
  • Objective: This study evaluated the effect of pedigree errors (PEs) on the accuracy of estimated breeding value (EBV) and genetic gain for carcass traits in Korean Hanwoo cattle. Methods: The raw data set was based on the pedigree records of Korean Hanwoo cattle. The animals' information was obtained using Hanwoo registration records from Korean animal improvement association database. The record comprised of 46,704 animals, where the number of the sires used was 1,298 and the dams were 38,366 animals. The traits considered were carcass weight (CWT), eye muscle area (EMA), back fat thickness (BFT), and marbling score (MS). Errors were introduced in the pedigree dataset through randomly assigning sires to all progenies. The error rates substituted were 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, and 80%, respectively. A simulation was performed to produce a population of 1,650 animals from the pedigree data. A restricted maximum likelihood based animal model was applied to estimate the EBV, accuracy of the EBV, expected genetic gain, variance components, and heritability (h2) estimates for carcass traits. Correlation of the simulated data under PEs was also estimated using Pearson's method. Results: The results showed that the carcass traits per slaughter year were not consistent. The average CWT, EMA, BFT, and MS were 342.60 kg, 78.76 ㎠, 8.63 mm, and 3.31, respectively. When errors were introduced in the pedigree, the accuracy of EBV, genetic gain and h2 of carcass traits was reduced in this study. In addition, the correlation of the simulation was slightly affected under PEs. Conclusion: This study reveals the effect of PEs on the accuracy of EBV and genetic parameters for carcass traits, which provides valuable information for further study in Korean Hanwoo cattle.

한우 거세우의 도체 형질간의 관계 (Carcass Traits and Their Relationships in Hanwoo(Korean Native) Steers)

  • 백동훈;호크 M.A.;박형기;정이형
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제44권5호
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    • pp.593-598
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    • 2002
  • 이 연구는 한우에 있어서 몇 가지 도체형질의 특성을 파악하고 각 형질들 간의 관계를 추정하기 위하여 수행되었다. 도체중, 등지방두께, 살코기 비율(meat %), 뼈 비율(bone %), 근내지방% 및 배장근단면적의 평균치는 각각 300.27kg, 9.23mm, 58.99%, 12.92%, 28.08% 및 74.00$cm^2$ 이었다. 숙성 전 ($pH_B$) 및 숙성 후 ($pH_A$)의 산도와 조리손실(숙성 전 및 숙성 후)은 각각 5.32, 5.60, 16.43 및 19.21 이었다. 근육의 평점과 지방색은 3.67 및 3.17을 나타내었다. 배장근 단면적과 육량등급은 도체중, 적육% 및 뼈%와 극히 미약한 正의 상관이 존재하는 반면에 근내 지방도와는 負의 상관을 보였다. 등지방두께는 도체중 및 적육량과 正의 상관이었으나 뼈의 % 및 근내지방 %와는 負의 상관을 나타내었다. 酸度는 調理 損失과 숙성전후에 관계없이 負의 상관을 보였다.

초음파 측정에 의한 한우의 도체육량 예측 (Prediction of Carcass Yield by Ultrasound in Hanwoo)

  • 이용준;전기준;최성복;석홍기;김석중;이성기;송영한
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제45권2호
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    • pp.335-342
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    • 2003
  • 본 시험은 초음파를 이용한 한우의 도체육량등급 예측율을 향상시키기 위하여 24개월령 거세한우 573두를 대상으로 출하직전에 체중측정과 함께 실시간 초음파 진단기를 이용하여 도체형질을 측정하였다. 초음파 측정치와 도체 실측치와의 비교분석에서 도출된 다양한 육량예측 기법을 이용하여 도체육량등급을 예측하였고, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 등지방 두께와 배최장근 단면적의 도체 실측치와 초음파 측정치간의 차이는 각각 0.6$\pm$1.65mm와 0.7$\pm$5.56cm2로 나타났다. 등지방 두께 및 배최장근 단면적의 초음파 측정치와 도체 실측치간의 상관계수는 각각 0.86 및 0.82로 높게 나타났다(p<0.001). 도체육량등급 예측율은 육량지수 산식, 등지방 보정식, 중회귀 분석 및 의사결정나무 분석에서 각각 80.3%, 81.3%, 80.1% 및 81.8%를 보여, 의사결정나무 분석이 예측율과 활용성이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다.

고품질 한우 생산 유전자 연구에서 환경 요인을 보정한 통계적 모형 제안 (Proposal of statistical model adjusted environmental factor in genetic research for high quality Hanwoo production)

  • 장지은;이제영;오동엽
    • Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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    • 제26권6호
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    • pp.1397-1407
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    • 2015
  • 개체의 표현형은 대부분 유전적인 요인의 영향과 환경적인 요인의 영향을 모두 받는다. 따라서 한우의 경제적인 특성과 연관이 있는 유전자 마커 선별 연구에서도 관심이 있는 유전적인 요인의 효과를 좀 더 정확히 보기 위해서는 환경적인 요인의 보정이 필요하다. 본 연구의 목적은 고품질 한우 생산을 위한 우수 유전자 마커 선별 연구에서 환경적인 요인이 보정된 새로운 통계 모형을 제안하고 그 효과를 규명하는 데 있다. 먼저 환경적인 요인과 유전적인 요인을 모두 포함한 통계모형을 구축한 뒤, 환경적인 요인인 도축일령과 사육농가의 효과를 제거하여 보정된 경제형질의 값을 구한다. 그리고 다중인자차원축소 방법을 보정 전 후 데이터에 각각 적용하여 우수 유전자 마커 조합을 선별하고 정확도를 비교한다. 사용된 경제형질은 C18:1, SFA, MUFA, MS, CWT, BFT이며 사용된 유전자 마커는 49개 LPL 유전자 마커 중 지방산 조성 및 경제 형질 능력 검정을 통해 나머지에 비해 더 뛰어난 유전자 마커로 선별된 6개 (g.6960 A>T, g.6974 G>A, g.21604 G>A, g.22488 G>T, g.22649 G>A, g.25670 C>T)이다.

Effects of the plane of nutrition during the latter grower and entire finisher phases on grow-finish pig performance in summer

  • Yang, Seung Won;Kim, Myeong Hyeon;Choi, Jung-Seok;Jin, Sang-Keun;Park, Man-Jong;Song, Young-Min;Lee, Chul Young
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제61권1호
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    • pp.10-17
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    • 2019
  • The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of the plane of nutrition (PN) for growing-finishing pigs on growth performance and meat quality in summer. One hundred and two barrows and 102 gilts weighing approximately 44 kg were placed on a high-, medium-, or low-plane grower diet (HPG, MPG, or LPG) with ME and lysine concentrations ranging from 3.33 to 3.40 Mcal/kg and 0.93% to 1.15%, respectively, for 29 days in 6 replicates (pens) in total. Pigs from each grower pen were divided into two finisher pens and provided with a high-plane finisher diet (HPF) containing 3.40 Mcal ME and 9.5 g lysine/kg and a low-plane finisher diet (LPF; 3.25 Mcal ME and 8 g lysine/kg), respectively, up to approximately 110 kg, and slaughtered. Growth performance of the pigs, including average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and gain:feed ratio, was not influenced by the grower-phase PN during any of the grower phase, a 31-d finisher phase I, and ensuing phase II. However, both the ADG and gain:feed ratio were greater (p < 0.05) for the HPF group than for the LPF group during the finisher phase I (748 vs. 653 g with SEM = 13 g and 0.333 vs. 0.299 with SEM = 0.008, respectively). The ADG, but not gain:feed ratio, was greater for the HPF group vs. LPF during the finisher phase II (673 vs. 623 g with SEM = 15 g for ADG and 0.322 vs. 0.323 with SEM = 0.005 for the gain:feed ratio). The carcass backfat thickness (BFT) was greater for the LPF group vs. HPF within the pigs which had been placed on LPG during the grower phase, but not within the pigs from the HPG or MPG group. Physicochemical characteristics of the longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) and sensory quality attributes of fresh and cooked LM were not influenced by either the grower-phase or finisher-phase PN. In conclusion, high PN is necessary for finishing pigs during the hot season to minimize the reduced rate of weight gain and also to prevent the increase of BFT that could result from low PN.

Comparison of accuracy of breeding value for cow from three methods in Hanwoo (Korean cattle) population

  • Hyo Sang Lee;Yeongkuk Kim;Doo Ho Lee;Dongwon Seo;Dong Jae Lee;Chang Hee Do;Phuong Thanh N. Dinh;Waruni Ekanayake;Kil Hwan Lee;Duhak Yoon;Seung Hwan Lee;Yang Mo Koo
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제65권4호
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    • pp.720-734
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    • 2023
  • In Korea, Korea Proven Bulls (KPN) program has been well-developed. Breeding and evaluation of cows are also an essential factor to increase earnings and genetic gain. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of cow breeding value by using three methods (pedigree index [PI], pedigree-based best linear unbiased prediction [PBLUP], and genomic-BLUP [GBLUP]). The reference population (n = 16,971) was used to estimate breeding values for 481 females as a test population. The accuracy of GBLUP was 0.63, 0.66, 0.62 and 0.63 for carcass weight (CWT), eye muscle area (EMA), back-fat thickness (BFT), and marbling score (MS), respectively. As for the PBLUP method, accuracy of prediction was 0.43 for CWT, 0.45 for EMA, 0.43 for MS, and 0.44 for BFT. Accuracy of PI method was the lowest (0.28 to 0.29 for carcass traits). The increase by approximate 20% in accuracy of GBLUP method than other methods could be because genomic information may explain Mendelian sampling error that pedigree information cannot detect. Bias can cause reducing accuracy of estimated breeding value (EBV) for selected animals. Regression coefficient between true breeding value (TBV) and GBLUP EBV, PBLUP EBV, and PI EBV were 0.78, 0.625, and 0.35, respectively for CWT. This showed that genomic EBV (GEBV) is less biased than PBLUP and PI EBV in this study. In addition, number of effective chromosome segments (Me) statistic that indicates the independent loci is one of the important factors affecting the accuracy of BLUP. The correlation between Me and the accuracy of GBLUP is related to the genetic relationship between reference and test population. The correlations between Me and accuracy were -0.74 in CWT, -0.75 in EMA, -0.73 in MS, and -0.75 in BF, which were strongly negative. These results proved that the estimation of genetic ability using genomic data is the most effective, and the smaller the Me, the higher the accuracy of EBV.

Association of Mahogany/Attractin Gene (ATRN) with Porcine Growth and Fat

  • Kim, Jong Bok;Zeng, Zhao Xun;Nam, Yu Jin;Kim, Younyoung;Yang, Shi Liu;Wu, Xiaolin;Lee, Chaeyoung
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제18권10호
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    • pp.1383-1386
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    • 2005
  • Associations of restriction fragment length polymorphism in porcine attractin (ATRN) gene with average daily gain (ADG), live weight (LWT) and back fat thickness (BFT) were studied with one exotic composition population (Xianghuang) and three local breeds (Ningxing, Shaziling and Daweizi) in China. Two types of alleles were detected; one with the band size of 700 bp (A) and the other with the band size of 450 and 250 bp (B), and their genotypes were classified as AA, AB and BB. Polymorphisms were observed in the exotic breed, but not in the three local breeds. Individuals with the genotype BB showed larger ADG and LWT than those with AA in Xianghuang population (p<0.05). The breed specific effects of the porcine attractin gene in this study implied that identification of the polymorphisms and determination of genetic effects on phenotypes should be performed in the target populations.

Estimation of Genetic and Environmental Parameters of Carcass Traits in Hanwoo (Korean Native Cattle) Populations

  • Baik, D.H.;Hoque, M.A.;Choe, H.S.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제15권11호
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    • pp.1523-1526
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    • 2002
  • Genetic parameters of carcass weight (CWT), dressing percent (DP), cook loss (CL), eye muscle area (EMA), back fat thickness (BFT), and meat tenderness in terms of mastication (MAS), shear force (SFR) and penetration (PEN) in Korean native cattle were estimated in this study. Effects of sire, location and their interaction on these traits were also evaluated. Sire effects were found to be significant on all the traits studied except for PEN. The CWT and DP were also significantly affected both by location (p<0.01) and by interaction effect between sire${\times}$location (p<0.05). The EMA was significantly (p<0.05) affected by location but not by interaction effect between sire${\times}$location. All the traits were positively correlated ($r_g$ and $r_p$) with each other except between CL and meat tenderness (negatively correlated). Moderate to high genetic correlations between CWT and other important traits were obtained; indicating that selection for CWT would lead to improve carcass quality. Heritability estimates were 0.64, 0.52, 0.37, 0.25, 0.19 and 0.18 for MAS, SFR, CWT, PEN, DP and EMA, respectively.