• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.87-93
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• 2019

We discuss the design of a radiometer using a millimeterwave(Ka-band) seeker. We applied a total power radiometer, thus the radiometer is composed of a IF-drive amp, band-pass filter, detector and an Op-amp additionally. As a radiometer measure a radiated signal of an object which is noise-like, a radiometer is easily affected by the variance of system temperature. To mitigate an adverse effect, we propose a compensation method in a radiometer without brightmess temperature compensation circuits. Through some experiments such like a distinction a target and the background, we have verified that the designed radiometer system has distingushed a car from the ground completely.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.3-10
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• 2012

Recently, the increase of impervious area has been pointed out as a major cause of climate change and biotop area deterioration]. Therefore, quantitative indicators for environmental housing design and planning have been needed especially to control the impervious area. The Biotop Area Ratio(BAR) as the mostly applied environmental planning control instrument in Korea verifying the possibility of utilizing has been used effectively in various aspects. However, the fact that the space types are based on two dimension and ecological functions of spaces are simplified has shown the limitations of this planning instrument in the use as planning and evaluation indicator. In this study, classification criteria and the weighting of the space types in similar indicators Biotopflaechenfaktor (BFF, Berlin), Seattle Green Factor (SGF, Seattle), and Green Area Factor (GAF, Malmo) were analyzed. These indicators are similar in the sense that they apply weights to calculate the area and express a percentage of land area. The findings are as follows: The basic method that can estimate the vegetation volume is proposed to overcome the limitation of the BAR. It also was proven that the introduction of three-dimensional volume rate of biotops area was possible. Finally, the framework of space type classification criteria is proposed through linkages with relevant laws and regulations. With the improvement of the space types, the BAR is expected to be reasonable indicator in outdoor space evaluation in housing project.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.549-561
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• 2022

In the Khmer writing system, the Khmer script is the official letter of Cambodia, written from left to right without a space separator; it is complicated and requires more analysis studies. Without clear standard guidelines, a space separator in the Khmer language is used inconsistently and informally to separate words in sentences. Therefore, a segmented method should be discussed with the combination of the future Khmer natural language processing (NLP) to define the appropriate rule for Khmer sentences. The critical process in NLP with the capability of extensive data language analysis necessitates applying in this scenario. One of the essential components in Khmer language processing is how to split the word into a series of sentences and count the words used in the sentences. Currently, Microsoft Word cannot count Khmer words correctly. So, this study presents a systematic library to segment Khmer phrases using the bi-directional maximal matching (BiMM) method to address these problematic constraints. In the BiMM algorithm, the paper focuses on the Bidirectional implementation of forward maximal matching (FMM) and backward maximal matching (BMM) to improve word segmentation accuracy. A digital or prefix tree of data structure algorithm, also known as a trie, enhances the segmentation accuracy procedure by finding the children of each word parent node. The accuracy of BiMM is higher than using FMM or BMM independently; moreover, the proposed approach improves dictionary structures and reduces the number of errors. The result of this study can reduce the error by 8.57% compared to FMM and BFF algorithms with 94,807 Khmer words.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.259-267
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate on the improvement of fertilizing and developing ability of in vitro matured oocytes from sperm density, motility and PVP(polyvinylpyrrolidone), HA(hyaluronic acid) concentrations, sperm capacitation and intact, free-zona of bovine oocytes obtained by intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI). 1. The fertilization and cleavage rates of bovine oocytes obtained by ICSI treated 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.05% of PVP concentrations were 72.7∼90.9% and 38.5∼54.5%, respectively and these values of 0.02% addition of PVP were higher than other concentrations of PVP 2. The fertilization and cleavage rates of bovine oocytes obtained by ICSI treated 0.01, 0.02% HA and 0.02% PVP + HA concentrations were 72.7%, 40.9% and 81.8%, 54.5% and 83.3%, 37.5%, respectively. and these values of 0.02% addition of PVP + HA were lowe than other concentrations of HA. 3. The fertilization and cleavage rates of bovine oocytes obtained by ICSI treated fresh and frozen sperm were 93.3%, 85.7% and 60.0%, 46.7%, respectively and these values of fresh sperm injection were higher than frozen sperm. 4. The fertilization and cleavage rates of bovine oocytes obtained by ICSI capacitated sperm of heparin, BFF and His methods were 86.7%, 78.9%, 65.0% and 61.9%, 52.6%, 50.0%, respectively. 5. The fertilization and cleavage rates of zona-intact and zona-free bovine oocytes obtained by ICSI were 84.2%, 78.3% and 57.9%, 34.8%, respectively. 6. The fertilization and cleavage rates of bovine oocytes obtained by IVF or ICSI were 63.3∼64.6%, 88.2∼90.0% and 26.7∼29.2%, 52.9∼67.5%, respectively. This ICSI method improved high fertilization rates of bovine oocytes.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1992

본 연구는 소의 난포란의 체외성숙과 체외수정에 영향을 미치는 요인을 구명하기 위하여 미숙 난포란을 채취하여 형태적 분류를 통해 우수한 란을 공시한 후 난포의 크기, 정액의 형태, 수정능득법, 혈청, 호르몬, 난포액, 난구세포등을 첨가한 TCM-199 배양액에서 배양하면서 체외성숙 및 수정율을 조사하였는 바 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 소 난포란을 채취하여 배양을 통해 형태적 분류를 했을때 A형란은 61.4%, B형란은 12.1%, C형란은 19.2%, D형란은 4.2%였으며 발생중지 또는 퇴화란은 3.0%였다. 또한 A, B, C형란을 배양액에 배양했을때 난포란의 체외성숙율은 각각 89.1%, 78.0%, 52.6%였으며, 수정율은 각각 78.1%, 66.1%, 33.3%였다. 2. 소 난포의 크기를 1-2mm, 3-5mm 및 5mm이상으로 분류하여 채취한 난포란의 수는 각각 67개, 98개, 63개 였으며, 이를 TCM-199 배양액에서 배양했을때의 체외성숙 및 수정율은 각각 56.7%와 44.8%, 82.5%, 72.4%와 46.0%와 28.6%였다. 3. 소 난포란의 체외수정에 있어서 정소상체 미부정자, 희택정액 및 동결정액을 이용하여 매정하였을때 체외수정율과 분할율은 각각 63.3%, 73.3%, 70.0%와 32.7%, 37.8%, 38.3%였다. 4. 소 난포란의 체외수정에 있어서 m-KRB 처리법, HIS처리법, Ca-IA처리법, BFF처리법 및 heparin처리법으로 각각 수정능획득을 유기하였을때 체외성숙 및 분할율은 각각 53.1%, 28.1%, 33.9%와 17.7%, 50.8%와 26.2%, 48.1%와 22.8% 및 58.8%와 32.8%로서 heparin 처리법이 가장 높았다. 5. 소 난포란의 체외성숙과 수정에 있어서 각 농도의 우태아혈청과 FSH, HCG, $\beta$-estradiol을 첨가한 TCM-199배양액에서 배양했을때의 체외성숙 및 수정율은 각각 76.0-82.3%와 26.2-70.0%로서 무첨가에 비해 첨가가 높았다. 6. 발정우혈청 및 우태아혈청 5-20%를 첨가한 배양액에서 배양했을때의 체외성숙율은 각각 71.7-76.9%, 74.0-80.6%였으며 체외수정율은 51.9-58%와 26.2-30.0%로서, 체외수정율의 경우 발정우혈청의 첨가가 우태아혈청의 첨가에 비해 높았다. 7. 난포액20-30%를 첨가한 배양액에서 배양했을때의 난포란의 체외성숙율은 각각 68.0%와 64.6%, 수정율은 각각59.6%와 60.4%로서 난포액10%, 50%를 첨가한 배양액에서 배양시의 체외성숙율과 수정율에 비해 높았다. 8. 1$\times$10 6 /ml의 난구세포를 첨가한 배양액에서 배양했을때의 난포란의 체외성숙율과 수정율은 각각 76.5%와 61.7%로서 FCS 10%와 1$\times$10 4 -10 5/ml 와 1 $\times$10 8/ml난구세포를 첨가한 배양액에서 배양시의 체외성숙율과 수정율에 비해 높았다.