• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.14D no.2
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• pp.211-216
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• 2007

Radio Frequency Identification(RFID) is technology that identify products using radio frequency transmission. We read EPC from Tag in RFID environment, but we can see only what the identify objects are and it is too limited to get the additional detailed information by the EPC. Therefore many companies and organizations have studied RFID system in order to effectively use it. But the existing RFID system still has the complication that we should fully understand various knowledges, communicating ways, etc, and the insufficiency to support the application development in order to treat the business event of the related application. In this paper, I propose business event that we can conveniently use in FRID application and shows Business Event Framework. BEF which is able to deliver the business event produced to the application.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.283-292
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• 2018

Devices capable of capturing and displaying high dynamic range (HDR) images with significantly increased brightness range compared to low dynamic range (LDR) images have been developed and various methods for efficiently converting the brightness range of an image have been developed. In this paper, we propose a reverse tone mapping method using a guided filter to efficiently convert LDR images into HDR images. After obtaining brightness enhancement function (BEF) using a guided filter, we can reconstruct HDR image from one LDR image. In addition, when the image is too bright or dark, the proposed method maximizes the image quality of the reconstructed HDR image by estimating and adjusting the exposure value before expanding the brightness range of images. Computer simulations show that the proposed method produces HDR images of superior quality compared with the conventional methods.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.9
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• pp.327-349
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• 1997

Luftfrachtersatzverkehr ist der Transport von Luftfrachtgut von Flughafen zu Flughafen unter einem Luftfrachtbrief im $Oberfl{\ddot{a}}chentransport$ urn die erste und/oder letzte Teilstrecke einer als Gesamtstrecke vereinbarten $Luftfrachtbef{\ddot{o}}rderung$. These Strecken $f{\ddot{u}}hren$ von nationalen oder intemationalen $Flugh{\tilde{a}}fen$ zurn Zentralflughafen ($_"Hub"$) der Luftverkehrsgesellschaft bzw. in urngekehrter Richtung vom Zentralflughafen hin zu den einzelnen nationalen oder intemationalen $Flugh{\ddot{a}}fen$. Die Vorteile des Luftfrachtersatzverkehrs sind offenkundig, daher auch sein $st{\ddot{a}}ndiges$ Anwachsen. Allerdings bestand bei den Luftverkehrsgesellschaften jahrelang eine $gro{\ss}e$ Unsicherheit, wie dieser Luftverkehr, der eben nicht in der Luft $durchgef{\ddot{u}}hrt$ wird, rechtlich zu qualifizieren sei. Stellte die $Bef{\ddot{o}}rderung$ von $Luftfrachtg{\ddot{u}}tem$ auf der $Stra{\ss}e$ einen Bruch des $Luftbef{\ddot{o}}rderungsvertrages$ dar, so wie im Schadensfall die $Gesch{\ddot{a}digten$, Absender oder $Empf{\ddot{a}}nger$ des betreffenden Gutes, der Luftverkehrgesllschft auf Art. 18 Abs. 3 oder Art. 31 Warschauer Abkommen(WA) berufen? Folge dieser Unsicherheit war, $da{\ss}$ ${\ddot{u}}ber$ lange Jahre hinweg die Luftverkehrsgesellschaften sich scheuten, diese Frage einer gerichtlichen $Kl{\ddot{a}}rung$ $zuzuf{\ddot{u}}hren$, Eher war man geneigt, sich mit dem Anspruchsgegner $au{\ss}ergerichtlich$ zu vergleichen, selbst wenn dies bedeutete, $da{\ss}$ man sich nicht auf die $Haftungsbeschr{\ddot{a}}nkungen$ des Art. 22 WA berufen konnte, als ein Urteil zu erstreiten, welcher $m{\ddot{o}}glicherweise$ der Praxis der $Luftfrachtersatzbef{\ddot{o}}rderung$ einen - rechtlichen - Riegel vorgeschoben $h{\ddot{a}}tte$. Diese Unsicherheit ist jedoch durch die Entscheidung die erste und wohl auch bislang einzige $h{\ddot{o}}chstrichterliche$ Entscheidung zur $Luftfrachtersatzbef{\ddot{o}}rderung$ nicht nur in Deutschland, sondem soger in Europa. Die Luftverkehrsgesellschaften $k{\ddot{o}}nnen$ mit dieser Entscheidung gut leben. Bei emer $vertragsgem{\ddot{a}}{\ss}en$ $Luftfrachtersatzbef{\ddot{o}}rderung$ haftet der $Luftfrachtf{\ddot{u}}hrer$ $f{\ddot{u}}r$ $Sch{\ddot{a}}den$ $anl{\ddot{a}}{\ss}lich$ der mit dem Luftfahrzeug $ausgef{\ddot{u}}hrten$ Teilstrecke nach den Vorsschriften des Warschauer Abkommens und $f{\ddot{u}}r$ $Sch{\ddot{a}}den$ $anl{\ddot{a}}{\ss}lich$ der mit einem $Oberfl{\ddot{a}}chenbef{\ddot{o}}rderungsmittel$ $ausgef{\ddot{u}}hrten$ Teilstrecke nach den Vorschriften, welche $f{\ddot{u}}r$ das $tats{\ddot{a}}chlich$ eingesetzte ransportmittel $einschl{\ddot{a}}gig$ sind. Bei unbekanntem Schadensort haftet der $Luftfrachtf{\ddot{u}}hrer$ nach dem jeweils $sch{\ddot{a}}rfsten$ der in Betracht kommenden Rechte. Bei emer vertragwidrigen $Luftfrachtersatzbef{\ddot{o}}rderung$ haftet der $Luftfrachtf{\ddot{u}}hrer$ nach dem Recht des vereinbarten $Bef{\ddot{o}}rderungsmittels$, da sich auf dieses Recht der Vertragspartner des $Luftfrrachtf{\ddot{u}}hrers$ eingerichtet hatte. Der $Luftfrachtf{\ddot{u}}frer$ haftet aber auch nach dem Recht des $tats{\ddot{a}}chlich$ eingesetzten $Bef{\ddot{o}}rderungsmittels$, da er sich in dessen Haftungsordnung durch die einseitige Wahl des $Bef{\ddot{o}}rderungsmittels$ selbst hineingestellt hat. Bei unbekanntem Schadensort haftet der $Luftfrachtf{\ddot{u}}hrer$ nach dem jeweils $sch{\ddot{a}}rfsten$ der in Betracht kommenden Rechte.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.497-500
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• 1995

In this paper, a program for real time simulation of a vehicle is developed. The program uses relative coordinates and BEF(Backward Difference Formula) numerical integration method. Numerical tests showed that the proposed implicit method is more stable in carring out the numerical integration for vehicl dynamics than the explicit method. Hardware requirements for real time simulation are suggested. Algorithms of parallel processing is developed with DSP (digital signal processor).

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.56-65
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• 1986

This paper theoretically analyzed the relations between the out-put braking torque and the wheel cylinder pressure in the leading-trailing drum brake for heavy duty truck as the characteristics of friction in break lining, comparing with the results derived from full-scale inertial brake dynamometer test in actual braking condition to develop reliable brake system in extensive using conditions. The main results obtained are as follows; 1) The characteristic curve representing the relations between BEF (Brake Effectiveness Factor) and Friction coefficient derived from theoretical analysis are consistent with the experimental results of dynamometer test. 2) According to the results of dynamometer test, the friction coefficient of brake lining is subject to initial brake speed and the actual using temperature in brake system.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.12a
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• pp.567-571
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• 2004

The 2-dimensional unsteady flows on and around the cambered airfoils were computed by applying LES with the deductive dynamic SGS model. The unsteady flow field were used as inputs to compute the far-field sounds and directivity patterns from rotating blades by a hybrid approach that exploits Farassat's formula. The BEM (Boundary Element Method) was applied to predict the frequency characteristics from the rotating blades for the cases of even- and uneven-pitched fans. The BEM results suggested that the unevenly pitched fan have less pronounced discrete peaks at BEF frequencies, which was confirmed by the experiment.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.68-77
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• 2003

Shell structure are widely used in a variety of engineering application and mathematical solution of shell structures are available only for a few special cases. The solution of shell structure is more complicated when it has such condition as winker foundation, variable thickness and other problem. In this paper, a simple finite element method is presented for the analysis of axisymmetric several types of shell structure subjected to axisymmetric loads and having uniform and varying wall thickness on elastic foundation. The method is based on the analogy with a beam on elastic foundation (BEF), foundation stiffness matrix where the foundation modulus and beam flexural rigidity are replaced by appropriate parameters pertaining to the shell under considerations. The technique is attractive for implementation on a numerical solution by means of a computer program coded in FORTRAN language with a few elements. To demonstrate this fact, it gives good results which compare well with SAP2000.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.265-266
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• 2008

본 논문은 기존 도광판에 복합화된 마이크로 패턴을 이용하여 휴대폰용 LCD Backlight Unit의 설계 및 해석에 대한 연구이다. 현재 상용 시제품의 도광판 패턴에 복합된 마이크로 패턴을 이용하여 광학시트를 줄이는 것을 목표로 진행 하였다. 도광판의 윗면에 프리즘형상을 설계 하였고, 아랫면은 기존의 패턴에 마이크로 패턴을 형성하였다. 마이크로 패턴의 형상은 구면, 프리즘, 실린더로 각 형상에 대해 변수를 바꾸어 가며 최적의 설계 값을 찾아보았다. 설계된 복합패턴으로 기존 Backlight Unit의 구성품인 반사판, 도광판, 확산판, BEF를 반사판과 도광판 만으로도 대체 할 수 있음을 시뮬레이션을 통해 확인하였다.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.409-414
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• 1993

This study was designed to reveal the conditions for $\beta$-glucosidase production from Aspergillus niger. The maximal enzyme production was obtained when the fungus was cultured at $30^{\circ}C$ for 5~6 days in the optimal medium containing 0.8% CMC, 0.5% beef extract, 0.3% Ca(NO3)2, 0.03% K2HPO4, 0.03% FeSO4, 0.05% Li2SO4, 0.2% tween 80, trace solution 1.0ml and initial pH 4.0, and then final enzyme activity under above conditions was 8.5-9.8 unit/ml culture filtrate.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.43-50
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• 2002

Main goal of this study is to develop MATLAB programming for exact analysis of distortional deformation of the straight box girder. For this purpose, a theory for distortional deformation theory is firstly summarized and then a BEF (Beam on Elastic Foundation) theory is presented using analogy of the corresponding variables. Finally, the governing equation of the beam-column element on elastic foundation is derived. An element stiffness matrix of the beam element is established via a generalized linear eigenvalue problem. In order to verify the efficiency and accuracy of the element using exact dynamic stiffness matrix, buckling loads for the continuous beam structures with elastic foundation and distortional deformations of box girders are calculated.